Antimicrobials: Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

Question 1

MOA of protein synthesis inhibitors

Answer 1

Slows or stops growth of bacteria–requires host’s immune system to defeat infection

Question 2

30S inhibitors

Answer 2

Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines

Question 3

50S inhibitors

Answer 3

Linezolid, Streptogramins, macrolides and clindamycin

Question 4

Aminoglycosides

Answer 4

Require O2 dependent uptake to enter bacteria
Active only against G- aerobes
Available IV, does not enter CNS

Question 5

Examples of aminoglycosides

Answer 5

Amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycine, tobramycin

Question 6

Streptomycin

Answer 6

Used in TB and bubonic plague

Question 7

Side effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 7

Otototoxicity, nephrotoxicity

Question 8

Neomycin

Answer 8

When taken orally will stay inside GI tract until excreted

Good for bowel prep

Question 9

Gentamycin

Answer 9

Resistant G- respiratory pseudomonas and other systemic infections

Question 10

Absolute contraindication for aminoglycosides

Answer 10

Myasthenia Gravis

Pregnancy

Question 11

Tetracyclines

Answer 11

-cycline
Enter through passive diffusion; broad spectrum
Absorption impaired by food
Active against MRSA

Question 12

Adverse effects of tetracyclines

Answer 12

GI toxicity, C Dif, interferes with growth of bones and teeth, photosensitivity

Question 13

Uses for tetracyclines

Answer 13

Chlamydia, tick borne bacteria, acne when given orally, atypical pneumonia, chlamydial bronchitis

Question 14

Macrolides

Answer 14

-thromycin

Broad spectrum, superior to tetracyclines

Question 15

Uses for macrolides

Answer 15

Used for pneumonia, chlamydia, cat scratch, H pylori, mycobacterium

Question 16

Oral erythromycin used for

Answer 16

Neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia due to chlamydia and gonorrhea

Question 17

Clindamycin

Answer 17

Active on G+ cocci and anaerobes

Good distribution to bone, skin (good for cellulitis), tendons (good for osteomyelitis)

Question 18

DOC for aspiration pneumonia

Answer 18

Clindamycin

Question 19

Topical clindamycin can treat

Answer 19

Moderate to severe acne

Question 20

Other uses for clindamycin

Answer 20

Chlamydia inflammatory endometrium, bacterial vaginosis, aspiration pneumonia and lung abscesses

Question 21

Common SE for clindamycin

Answer 21

Diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis due to C. Dif