Antimicrobials: Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Flashcards
MOA of protein synthesis inhibitors
Slows or stops growth of bacteria–requires host’s immune system to defeat infection
30S inhibitors
Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines
50S inhibitors
Linezolid, Streptogramins, macrolides and clindamycin
Aminoglycosides
Require O2 dependent uptake to enter bacteria
Active only against G- aerobes
Available IV, does not enter CNS
Examples of aminoglycosides
Amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycine, tobramycin
Streptomycin
Used in TB and bubonic plague
Side effects of aminoglycosides
Otototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
Neomycin
When taken orally will stay inside GI tract until excreted
Good for bowel prep
Gentamycin
Resistant G- respiratory pseudomonas and other systemic infections
Absolute contraindication for aminoglycosides
Myasthenia Gravis
Pregnancy
Tetracyclines
-cycline
Enter through passive diffusion; broad spectrum
Absorption impaired by food
Active against MRSA
Adverse effects of tetracyclines
GI toxicity, C Dif, interferes with growth of bones and teeth, photosensitivity
Uses for tetracyclines
Chlamydia, tick borne bacteria, acne when given orally, atypical pneumonia, chlamydial bronchitis
Macrolides
-thromycin
Broad spectrum, superior to tetracyclines
Uses for macrolides
Used for pneumonia, chlamydia, cat scratch, H pylori, mycobacterium
Oral erythromycin used for
Neonatal conjunctivitis and pneumonia due to chlamydia and gonorrhea
Clindamycin
Active on G+ cocci and anaerobes
Good distribution to bone, skin (good for cellulitis), tendons (good for osteomyelitis)
DOC for aspiration pneumonia
Clindamycin
Topical clindamycin can treat
Moderate to severe acne
Other uses for clindamycin
Chlamydia inflammatory endometrium, bacterial vaginosis, aspiration pneumonia and lung abscesses
Common SE for clindamycin
Diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis due to C. Dif
