Trichinella Spiralis Flashcards
Common name:
Trichina worm
Main habitat
Small intestine, skeltal muscles
Rarely seen in —— and any ——- because they are lodged in the ——?
Stool; materials; muscle
First found in the muscle of patient that was autopsied by
Peacock in London 1828
first investigator to describe and name
the insisted larvae
Richard owen 1835
3 sub sp that infects man
T. s spiralis
T.s nativa
T. s nelsoni
T. s spiralis is found in?
Temperate regions
T. s nativa is found in?
Arctic region
T. s nelsoni is found in?
Africa
Disease caused by T. spiralis?
Trichinosis
Trichiniasis
Trichinellosis
Distinguishing characteristis of larvae?
spear-like burrowing tip at its tapering anterior end
the digestive tract of a mature larvae insisted in a muscle fiber
resembles that of an adult worm
Trichinella spiralis spi
Stage of T. spiralis that is rarely seen in stool or any material
Adult stage
Phase! Small intestinal edema and inflammation
Intestinal phasw
Can also be known as the incubation/ intestinal invasion
INTESTINAL PHASE
——in severe case can also be found as well as —— and ——
Splenomegaly; gastric and intestinal hemorrhages
Aka larval migration and muscle invasion
Migration phase
Happens up to the 6th week of infection with the following signs
and symptoms:
Migration phase
Edema of the eyes and face
Migration phasw
Eosinophilia (15-40% for 1 month)
Migration phasw
What week does it cause death?
4th to 8th week
Phase: Acute local inflammation
Muscular phase
Edema and pain of musculature
Muscular phasw
Edema and pain of musculature
Larval encystation
Muscular phasw
In how many days after larva, invasion does muscle fibers becomes edematous and spindle shape
3-4 days
Basophilic degeneration
Muscular phase
Predominatiing symptoms
EOMSG
:
Eosinopjilia
Orbital edema
Muscular pain and tendernedd
Shallow and painful breathing
General weakness
Fever, weakness, pain and other symptoms start to abate.
Encapsulation phase
Full recovery is expected in this phase since trichinellosis is a
self-limiting disease.
Encapsulation phase
What signs may arise that can lead to brain damage and may persist?
Protean neurological sign
Phase: signs may arise that can lead to brain damage and may persist.
Encapsulation phase
Most definitive muscle exam
Muscle bipsy
Muscle biopsy digested with
Pepsin hydrochloride
Samples should be taken at
3rd or 4th week of infection
Use antigen preparation of Trichinella larva
Observe after 30 minutes
(+) result: large elevated swelling at the site of injection
BIT
BACHMAN INTRADERMAL TEST
This is done when meat is suspected of harboring the existed larvae of trichinella and feeding the meat to the albino rats.
Beck’s xenodiagnosis
Observation is done 14 days after inoculation for the presence of female worm in the duodenum, and larvae in the muscles of the experimental animal.
Beck’s xenodiagnosis
This would provide the confirmatory diagnosis but the problem with this one is that there is a late rise of the antibody titers which usually commences 3-4 weeks after a light infection.
Serodiagnosis
Elimination of encysted larva in hogs through freezing at
-30 degrees celsius for 24 hr
Requires 2 hosts in order to complete the life cycle
Blind alley cycle
Infective stagw
Encysted larvae
At birth size
80-120um and higly coiled
T. spiralis size when it enters the muslce fibers
900-1000um
T.spiralis vulva is found at the?
Anterior fifth
T.spiralis female can live up to how many days?
30 days
T.spiralis female is capable of producing how many larvae in her lifetime?
1500 larvae
Cough, pleural pains
Migration phase
