Hookworms Flashcards

1
Q

New World hookworm, American hookworm

A

Necator americanus

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2
Q

Adults are
stout. Cervical curvature (appear s like a “hook” )

A

N.a

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3
Q

Disease of N.a

A

Necatoriasis Uncinariasis

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4
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma duodenale

A

Old World Hookworm

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5
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma caninum

A

Dog hookworm

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6
Q

Common name of Ancylostoma braziliense

A

Cat and dog hookworm

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7
Q

Adults are
stout Cervical curvature (appear s like a “hook” )

A

Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale

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8
Q

Tends to
follow the general curvature of the body
Looks like a
letter
“C”

A

Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma braziliense

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9
Q

Adult hookworm form and color?

A

Fusiform and grayish white

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10
Q

Male adult hookworm distinguishing charac

A

Broad, caudal bursa with rib-like rays

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11
Q

No teeth; Pair of triangular subventral lancets/ semilunar cutting plates

A

N.a

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12
Q

Adults: small, cylindrical fusiform, greyish white nematodes
where the females are larger than the males

A

N.a

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13
Q

The posterior end of the males are usually broad,
membranous, it has a caudal bursa with ribbed like rays for copulation

A

N.a

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14
Q

Parasite?The posterior end of the males are usually broad,
membranous, it has a caudal bursa with —- for copulation

A

N.a; ribbed like rays

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15
Q

2 pairs of unfused ventral teeth similar size

A

A.d

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16
Q

Adult ———, is slightly larger than your ———

A

A.d ; N. a

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17
Q

Can cause cutaneous larval migrant causing creeping eruption

A

A.caninum

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18
Q

bursa is supported by long, slender rays

A

A.d

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19
Q

slightly larger than your Necator americanus

A

A.ceylanicum

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20
Q

in the Philippines the first human case was reported in 1968
from a 53-year-old woman from Ilocos Norte, where 23 adult
worms were collected from the patient

A

A.ceylanicum

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21
Q

Rhabditiform buccal cavity of s. Stercoralis is?

A

Short

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22
Q

Rhabditiform buccal cavity of hookworm is?

A

Long

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23
Q

Rhabditiform genital primordium is s.stercoralis is?

A

Large

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24
Q

Rhabditiform genutalmprimordium of hookworms is?

A

Small

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25
Filariform esophagus of s.stercoralis is?
Long
26
Filariform esophagus of hookworms is?
Short
27
Filariform tail of s.stercoralis is?
Notched
28
Filariform tail of hookworm is?
Pointed
29
Tends to follow the general curvature of the body - Looks like a letter “C”
A. caninum A. brazilinse
30
New World Hookworm
 Necator americanus
31
cat hookworm
Ancylostoma braziliense
32
dog hookworm
Ancylostoma caninum
33
how many cell stage when passed in the feces
4-8
34
With Uncleaved Yolk mass or a Cleaved Embryo surrounded by a Clear Zone
hookworm ova
35
how many stages in cleaved embryo?
2-8
36
form of larva with Very small genital primordium
rhabditiform larva
37
form of larva with Longer and slender with a pointed posterior end
Filariform larva
38
form of larva with Mouth is close with a protecting sheath
filariform larva
39
well-developed buccal capsule
adult hookworms
40
buccal cavity of ______ with 1 pair of semilunar cutting plates, dorsal median tooth, deep pair of Triangular Subventral Lancets
Necator americanus
41
buccal cavity of ____ with 2 pairs of fused ventral teeth
ancylostoma duodenale
42
buccal cavity of ___ with 3 pairs of ventral teeth
ancylostoma caninum
43
buccal cavity of ___ with 1 pair of larger outer teeth and 1 pair of very inconspicuous median teeth
ancylostoma braziliense
44
copulatory bursa of ____ with Fused spicules; deep cleft, bioartite dorsal rays
necator americanus
45
copulatory bursa of ____ with Unfused spicules; shallow cleft - Tripartite dorsal rays
a. duodenale
46
copulatory bursa of ___ with bursa is supported by long, slender rays
a.caninum
47
copulatory bursa of ___ with bursa is supported by short stubby rays
a.braziliense
48
9,000 eggs/day
n.americanusq
49
parasite? Passed din feces and produce the Rhabditiform larvae in _____ days under favorable conditions ( ___ degrees celsius)
n.america; 1-2 days; 23-33 deg C
50
Can lay 30, 000 eggs/day
a. duo
51
Eggs: die in few hours at 45 deg C
a.duo
52
eggs survive in 7 days at O deg C
a. duo
53
Cause cutaneous larval migrans causing creeping eruption
a.cani
54
eggs of _____ is Slightly large then N. americanum
a.ceyla
55
1st Human case: 1968 in Ilocos Norte from 53 years old woman where 23 adult worms collected
a.ceyla
56
disease of n.america
necatoriasis/uncinariasis
57
disease of ancylostoma species
ancylostomiasis
58
transmission of ground itch, coolie itch/due itch
skin penetration
59
Related to contact with the soil o Dermatitis at the site of entrance of filariform
. Ground itch / Coolie itch / Dew itch
60
Intense Itching, Edema and Erythema and later Papulovesicular Eruption / Lesion
Ground itch / Coolie itch / Dew itch
61
where bacteria enter the skin
pyogenic
62
pathologic larval stage last up to ?
2 weeks
63
distinguishing charac of ground itch?
Papulovesicular Eruption / Lesion
64
rate of several mm to a few cm per day
Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans (Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch)
65
Pruritus: provokes scratching with subsequent pyogenic infection
Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans (Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch)
66
Due to the exposure of the skin to the filariform larvae of A. braziliense and A. caninum, occasionally of N. americanus and A. duodenale.
Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans (Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch)
67
Creeping eruption/Cutaneous larval migrans (Plumber’s itch/ Duck Hunter’s itch) distinguishing characteristic
“Serpiginous tunnel” in the stratum germinativum of the skin
68
Petechial hemorrhages with Eosinophilic and Leukocytic Infiltration that induces Cough and Pyrexia due to location of parasite
Pulmonary lesions: Wakana disease
69
Migrating larvae break out of bronchial capilliaries
Pumonary lesions: Wakana disease
70
Patient usually show no signs and symptoms
Pumonary lesions: Wakana disease
71
____ secondary to creeping eruption
bacterial infection
72
Chronic blood loss due to continuous mechanical suction of blood from the intestinal mucosa
Hookworm anemia
73
presence of bleeding areas left by the adult as they transfer to new areas
hookworm anemia
74
Blood Loss:  N. americanus:
0.03-0.05 ml/day
75
Blood Loss: A duodenale:
0.16 – 0.34 ml/day
76
Blood picture of hookworm anemia
mycrocytic hypochromic anemia
77
hookworm anemia is dependent on?
 Iron content of the host diet  State of Iron reserves  Intensity and duration of the infection
78
Presence of bleeding areas in the intestinal mucosa
Hookworm anemia
79
blood picture: Dyspnea on exertion, Weakness and Dizziness
2g of Hgb/1000mL of blood:
80
Loss of protein due to a combined loss of blood and lymph
Hypoalbuminemia
81
Protein loss is as well in excess of the loss of RBC
Hypoalbuminemia
82
is it possible to avoid hookworm anemia?
yes
83
Pathology of Hookworm Infection:
 The skin at site of entry  The lung  The small intestine (Habitat)
84
characteristic of the lesion
Ground itch and creeping eruption
85
the heart of the person infected is?
enlarge
86
the pulse of infected person is ?
rapid
87
what stage enters the body?
filariform larvae
88
organ affected during larval migration; wakana disease?
lungs
89
adult worm habitat
small intestinal
90
recovery of egg where it is onyl important if the infection is heavy
DFS
91
recovery of eggs where it provides quantitative diagnosis allowing eggs to be counted
KTS
92
eosinophilic anf leukocytic infection
pulmonary lesion: wakana disease
93
this diagnosis would increase positive findings several folds, this is recommended for determining whether the stool is to be positive or negative with hookworms
Concentration methods
94
culture technique
harada mori
95
recommended for identification of filariform larva?
culture media/ harada mori
96
prevention of hookworms
Avoiding ingestion of raw vegetables