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Trematodes intro Flashcards

1
Q

all flukes are organ dwelling except for

A

genus schistosoma

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2
Q

Known as the FLUKES

A

TREAMATODES

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3
Q

One of which a parasitic flatworm

A

TREAMATODES

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4
Q

internal parasite of the mollusk and the vertebrae

A

TREAMATODES

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5
Q

complete lifecycle with at least 2 hosts

A

TREAMATODES

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6
Q

Primary host where the flukes sexually reproduce:

A

vertebrae

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7
Q

Leaf-shape

A

TREAMATODES

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8
Q

trematodes has outer cover called

A

tegument

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9
Q

trematodes tegument may be smooth or spiny except for
the

A

blood flukes

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10
Q

Body with holes

A

TREAMATODES

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11
Q

Bilaterally symmetrical helminths without a body cavity
(Acoelomate)

A

TREAMATODES

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12
Q

Incomplete digestive tracts

A

TREAMATODES

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13
Q

Large and fleshy

A

TREAMATODES/like fasciola and fasciolopsis

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14
Q

trematodes are what shaped

A

leaf shaped

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15
Q

trematodes:
Enveloped with integument consist of

A

spines, tubercles, ridges

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16
Q

trematode for attachment and secretion

A

Enveloped with integument

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17
Q

a form of attachement of trematodes

A

acetabulum

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18
Q

attachment of trematodes:
Cup shaped (usually found in the anterior part of the
trematode

A

Suckers

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19
Q

A saucer shaped organ of attachment in flatworms,

A

Acetabulum

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20
Q

A specialized sucker for parasitic adaptation in
trematodes, by which the worms where able to
attach on the host

A

Acetabulum

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21
Q

Has fluid -filled between organs

A

trematodes

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22
Q

no body cavity (acoelomate)

A

trematodes

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23
Q

Has oral cavity, lymphatics, excretory organs, primitive
nervous system, reproductive organs

A

trematodes

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24
Q

: In 1 worm, they both have the male and female organs
making them hermaphrodites (parasitic)

A

TREAMATODES/monoecious

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25
Q

trematodes Has 2 testes except for?

A

schistosomes

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26
Q

trematode testes is found in?

A

posterior half

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27
Q

trematode testes shape can either be?

A

can either be globular, lobate, tubular, dendritic

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28
Q

caplike polar operculum except for schistosomes

A

ova of trematodes

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29
Q

movement of trematodes?

A

contraction and elongation

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30
Q

trematodes maintains the position by

A

suckers

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31
Q

trematodes insoluble material

A

Regurgitated to the oral sucker

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32
Q

trematodes soluble material

A

Distributed by lymph

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33
Q

trematodes excretion

A

eliminated through flame cells

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34
Q

trematodes respiration

A

anaerobic except on its larval forms (aerobic)

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35
Q

trematodes reproduction

A

hermaphroditic

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36
Q

trematodes MOT:

A

o Intestinal (stool)
o Genitourinary
o Pulmonary (very rare when coughed out)

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37
Q

trematodes definitive host

A

Vertebrae

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38
Q

trematode intermediate host

A

mollusks

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39
Q

trematodes: these are important in the life cycle of which there
is a sexual generation

A

mollusks

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40
Q

trematodes pathology

A

ATHOLOGY:
 lesions
 irritation
 obstructions
 embolism
 immunologic like in the case of schistosomes

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41
Q

trematodes treatment

A

 Praziquantel
 Bithionol

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42
Q

has male and female reproductive system in one parasite
 can do self-fertilization

A

MONOECIOUS/ HERMAPHRODITIC

43
Q

they can self-fertilize, they usually infect organs, they are
food-borne.

A

MONOECIOUS/ HERMAPHRODITIC

44
Q

parasite that reproduce via separate sexes .

A

DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES

45
Q

infect by direct penetration

A

DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES

46
Q

Digestive System
o Incomplete: They have a mouth but they don’t have
anus

A

DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES

47
Q

DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
Primarily for digestion

48
Q

DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
Gastrodermal cells secrete proteases,
lipases, ACP, ALP & esterases

49
Q

dioecious: Undigested wastes are -_____ into the mouth

A

regurgitated

50
Q

this are specialized excretory cells
which functions like a kidney in which they remove
waste materials

A

flame cells

51
Q

d the bundle of flame cells or
group of flame cells is called

A

protonephridia

52
Q

Trematodes: Flask-shaped with a tuff of fused flagella

A

excretory system

53
Q

Trematodes: nervous system:

Larval forms have ___ and ___ adapted to finding the snail or
mollusk that serves as intermediate host that is
important for their life cycle

A

chemoreceptors and
photoreceptors

54
Q

Trematodes:

play an important role in
recognizing the host

A

chemoreceptors

55
Q

The chemoreception plays an important role in the
free living ____ stage?

A

miracidial larval stage

56
Q

help them to perceive light

A

photoreceptors

57
Q

trematodes reproductive system

A

monoecious

58
Q

TREMATODES ARE HETEROXENOUS or homoxenous?

A

heteroxenous

59
Q

4 orders:
fasciolids and echinostomes

A

Echinostomatiformes

60
Q

4 orders:
Blood flukes

A

strigeiformes

61
Q

4 orders:
: opisthorchis, chlonorchis, heterophyes

A

Opisthorchiformes

62
Q

4 orders:
lung flukes

A

plagiorchiformes

63
Q

plagiochirmformes consist of?

A

lung flukes

64
Q

opistorchiformes consists of?

A

opistorchis, chlonorchis, heterophyes

65
Q

strigeiformes consist of

A

blood flukes

66
Q

echinostomatiformes consist of

A

fasciolids and echinostomes

67
Q

include
all trematodes except those belonging to the genus
Schistosoma. Those resides the in the intestines,
bile ducts or lungs, these are called the

A

organ dwelling flukes

68
Q

flukes consist
of the Schistosoma spp. It resides in the blood
vessels around intestine or bladder

A

blood dwelling flukes

69
Q

following penetration of Cercaria into the
skin, this typically happens when an
unsuspecting human would usually swim
in contaminated water because note that
the Cercaria can penetrate the skin

A

blood dwelling flukes

70
Q

can cercaria penetrate the skin?

71
Q

monoeicious flukes:
what stage encyt in the skin or flesh of fresh
water fish

A

free swimming cercariae

72
Q

what stage are ingested by
human host

A

metacariae

73
Q

monoecious flukes encyst in ?

74
Q

monoecious flukes adult is in?

A

biliary duct

75
Q

a ciliated embryo that hatches in water

A

MIRACIDIUM

76
Q

would escape from the egg shell usually through the operculum into
the environment

A

miracidium

77
Q

is elongated and covered with flattened ciliated epidermal plates this
usually arises from the ova and penetrate from the first intermediate
host

A

miracidium

78
Q

s are elongated sacs that produces more
Sporocysts or Rediae.

A

sporocysts

79
Q

Develops from a miracidium in the 1st IH

A

mother sporocyts

80
Q

sac like structure with germ cell that would usually proliferate

A

mother sporocyts

81
Q

it lacks a gut and gives rise asexually to daughter sporocysts or
rediae

A

mother sporocyts

82
Q

sac-like, having an oral sucker, a pore & pharynx

A

REDIAE (REDIA)/DAUGHTER SPOROCYSTS

83
Q

would usually develop in 1st intermediate host

A

. REDIAE (REDIA)/DAUGHTER SPOROCYSTS

84
Q

The larval form of trematode

85
Q

It develops within the germinal cells of the sporocysts/redia

86
Q

Has a tapering head with a large penetration glands

87
Q

t may or may not have a long swimming tail or it may have a
fork-tail appendage for free swimming depending on the
specie

88
Q

Arises from the 1st intermediate host and penetrates the 2nd
intermediate host

89
Q

Develops from a cercaria

A

metacercaria

90
Q

usually found in the fish muscle

A

encysted metacercaria

91
Q

is found in the body
cavity crawling among the internal organs of the fish

A

non-encysted metacercaria

92
Q

It is in this stage that the parasite infects the definitive human
host via ingestion of the snail or other second intermediate
host

A

metacercaria

93
Q

Develops in tissue of the 2nd intermediate hos

A

metacercaria

94
Q

size is barely visible except for

A

heterophyase and metagonimus

95
Q

large and fleshy like

A

fasciola or fasciolopsis

96
Q

MOT: very rare when coughed out

97
Q

organ dwelling flukes resides in

A

intestine, bile ducts, lungs

98
Q

organ dwelling:
fish, crab, or cray fish contaminated with what form of the parasite (?) is known as (?)

A

Encysted form of the parasite
known as METACERCARIAE

99
Q

human infections of organ dwelling flukes occurs ingestion of water plant like ?

A

water chestnuts

100
Q

human penetration of blood dwelling flukes occurs following the penetration of what in the skin

101
Q

encysted metacercaria is usually found in

A

fish muscles

103
Q

Penetrates the first intermediate host

A

Miracidium

104
Q

Arises from the ova

A

Miracidium

PARASIT (29 decks)

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