Trematodes intro Flashcards
1
Q
all flukes are organ dwelling except for
A
genus schistosoma
2
Q
Known as the FLUKES
A
TREAMATODES
3
Q
One of which a parasitic flatworm
A
TREAMATODES
4
Q
internal parasite of the mollusk and the vertebrae
A
TREAMATODES
5
Q
complete lifecycle with at least 2 hosts
A
TREAMATODES
6
Q
Primary host where the flukes sexually reproduce:
A
vertebrae
7
Q
Leaf-shape
A
TREAMATODES
8
Q
trematodes has outer cover called
A
tegument
9
Q
trematodes tegument may be smooth or spiny except for
the
A
blood flukes
10
Q
Body with holes
A
TREAMATODES
11
Q
Bilaterally symmetrical helminths without a body cavity
(Acoelomate)
A
TREAMATODES
12
Q
Incomplete digestive tracts
A
TREAMATODES
13
Q
Large and fleshy
A
TREAMATODES/like fasciola and fasciolopsis
14
Q
trematodes are what shaped
A
leaf shaped
15
Q
trematodes:
Enveloped with integument consist of
A
spines, tubercles, ridges
16
Q
trematode for attachment and secretion
A
Enveloped with integument
17
Q
a form of attachement of trematodes
A
acetabulum
18
Q
attachment of trematodes:
Cup shaped (usually found in the anterior part of the
trematode
A
Suckers
19
Q
A saucer shaped organ of attachment in flatworms,
A
Acetabulum
20
Q
A specialized sucker for parasitic adaptation in
trematodes, by which the worms where able to
attach on the host
A
Acetabulum
21
Q
Has fluid -filled between organs
A
trematodes
22
Q
no body cavity (acoelomate)
A
trematodes
23
Q
Has oral cavity, lymphatics, excretory organs, primitive
nervous system, reproductive organs
A
trematodes
24
Q
: In 1 worm, they both have the male and female organs
making them hermaphrodites (parasitic)
A
TREAMATODES/monoecious
25
trematodes Has 2 testes except for?
schistosomes
26
trematode testes is found in?
posterior half
27
trematode testes shape can either be?
can either be globular, lobate, tubular, dendritic
28
caplike polar operculum except for schistosomes
ova of trematodes
29
movement of trematodes?
contraction and elongation
30
trematodes maintains the position by
suckers
31
trematodes insoluble material
Regurgitated to the oral sucker
32
trematodes soluble material
Distributed by lymph
33
trematodes excretion
eliminated through flame cells
34
trematodes respiration
anaerobic except on its larval forms (aerobic)
35
trematodes reproduction
hermaphroditic
36
trematodes MOT:
o Intestinal (stool)
o Genitourinary
o Pulmonary (very rare when coughed out)
37
trematodes definitive host
Vertebrae
38
trematode intermediate host
mollusks
39
trematodes: these are important in the life cycle of which there
is a sexual generation
mollusks
40
trematodes pathology
ATHOLOGY:
lesions
irritation
obstructions
embolism
immunologic like in the case of schistosomes
41
trematodes treatment
Praziquantel
Bithionol
42
has male and female reproductive system in one parasite
can do self-fertilization
MONOECIOUS/ HERMAPHRODITIC
43
they can self-fertilize, they usually infect organs, they are
food-borne.
MONOECIOUS/ HERMAPHRODITIC
44
parasite that reproduce via separate sexes .
DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
45
infect by direct penetration
DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
46
Digestive System
o Incomplete: They have a mouth but they don’t have
anus
DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
47
DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
Primarily for digestion
ceca
48
DIOECIOUS/ BLOOD FLUKES
Gastrodermal cells secrete proteases,
lipases, ACP, ALP & esterases
Ceca
49
dioecious: Undigested wastes are -_____ into the mouth
regurgitated
50
this are specialized excretory cells
which functions like a kidney in which they remove
waste materials
flame cells
51
d the bundle of flame cells or
group of flame cells is called
protonephridia
52
Trematodes: Flask-shaped with a tuff of fused flagella
excretory system
53
Trematodes: nervous system:
Larval forms have ___ and ___ adapted to finding the snail or
mollusk that serves as intermediate host that is
important for their life cycle
chemoreceptors and
photoreceptors
54
Trematodes:
play an important role in
recognizing the host
chemoreceptors
55
The chemoreception plays an important role in the
free living ____ stage?
miracidial larval stage
56
help them to perceive light
photoreceptors
57
trematodes reproductive system
monoecious
58
TREMATODES ARE HETEROXENOUS or homoxenous?
heteroxenous
59
4 orders:
fasciolids and echinostomes
Echinostomatiformes
60
4 orders:
Blood flukes
strigeiformes
61
4 orders:
: opisthorchis, chlonorchis, heterophyes
Opisthorchiformes
62
4 orders:
lung flukes
plagiorchiformes
63
plagiochirmformes consist of?
lung flukes
64
opistorchiformes consists of?
opistorchis, chlonorchis, heterophyes
65
strigeiformes consist of
blood flukes
66
echinostomatiformes consist of
fasciolids and echinostomes
67
include
all trematodes except those belonging to the genus
Schistosoma. Those resides the in the intestines,
bile ducts or lungs, these are called the
organ dwelling flukes
68
flukes consist
of the Schistosoma spp. It resides in the blood
vessels around intestine or bladder
blood dwelling flukes
69
following penetration of Cercaria into the
skin, this typically happens when an
unsuspecting human would usually swim
in contaminated water because note that
the Cercaria can penetrate the skin
blood dwelling flukes
70
can cercaria penetrate the skin?
yes
71
monoeicious flukes:
what stage encyt in the skin or flesh of fresh
water fish
free swimming cercariae
72
what stage are ingested by
human host
metacariae
73
monoecious flukes encyst in ?
duodenum
74
monoecious flukes adult is in?
biliary duct
75
a ciliated embryo that hatches in water
MIRACIDIUM
76
would escape from the egg shell usually through the operculum into
the environment
miracidium
77
is elongated and covered with flattened ciliated epidermal plates this
usually arises from the ova and penetrate from the first intermediate
host
miracidium
78
s are elongated sacs that produces more
Sporocysts or Rediae.
sporocysts
79
Develops from a miracidium in the 1st IH
mother sporocyts
80
sac like structure with germ cell that would usually proliferate
mother sporocyts
81
it lacks a gut and gives rise asexually to daughter sporocysts or
rediae
mother sporocyts
82
sac-like, having an oral sucker, a pore & pharynx
REDIAE (REDIA)/DAUGHTER SPOROCYSTS
83
would usually develop in 1st intermediate host
. REDIAE (REDIA)/DAUGHTER SPOROCYSTS
84
The larval form of trematode
cercaria
85
It develops within the germinal cells of the sporocysts/redia
cercaria
86
Has a tapering head with a large penetration glands
cercaria
87
t may or may not have a long swimming tail or it may have a
fork-tail appendage for free swimming depending on the
specie
cercaria
88
Arises from the 1st intermediate host and penetrates the 2nd
intermediate host
cercaria
89
Develops from a cercaria
metacercaria
90
usually found in the fish muscle
encysted metacercaria
91
is found in the body
cavity crawling among the internal organs of the fish
non-encysted metacercaria
92
It is in this stage that the parasite infects the definitive human
host via ingestion of the snail or other second intermediate
host
metacercaria
93
Develops in tissue of the 2nd intermediate hos
metacercaria
94
size is barely visible except for
heterophyase and metagonimus
95
large and fleshy like
fasciola or fasciolopsis
96
MOT: very rare when coughed out
pulmonary
97
organ dwelling flukes resides in
intestine, bile ducts, lungs
98
organ dwelling:
fish, crab, or cray fish contaminated with what form of the parasite (?) is known as (?)
Encysted form of the parasite
known as METACERCARIAE
99
human infections of organ dwelling flukes occurs ingestion of water plant like ?
water chestnuts
100
human penetration of blood dwelling flukes occurs following the penetration of what in the skin
CERCARIAE
101
encysted metacercaria is usually found in
fish muscles
102
103
Penetrates the first intermediate host
Miracidium
104
Arises from the ova
Miracidium
