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PARASIT > cestode > Flashcards

cestode Flashcards

1
Q

all cestodes are hermaphrodite except?

A

Schistosomes

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2
Q

2 DIVISIONS

A

Trematodes or Flukes
 Cestodes or Tapeworms

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3
Q

ORDER PSEUDOPHYLLIDEAN life cycle?

A

Aquatic life cycle

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4
Q

ORDER PSEUDOPHYLLIDEAN scolex?

A

Scolex: consist of 2 opposing sucking organs

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5
Q

Scolex: 4 suckers

A

ORDER CYCLOPHYLLIDEAN

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6
Q

Vitellaria: condensed to a mass adjacent to the ovary

A

ORDER CYCLOPHYLLIDEAN

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7
Q

TYPES OF TREMATODES

A

 schistosomes (blood flukes)
 Tissue Flukes

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8
Q

class cestoda appearance

A

Flat or ribbon like

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9
Q

Microorganism begins life as a male and change
into female

A

Protandry

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10
Q

how many segments in class cestoda

A

3-4,000 segments

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11
Q

Having the anterior proglottids
overlapping the next exterior
one

A

Craspedote

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12
Q

proglottids don’t overlap

A

Acraspedote -

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13
Q

 Premature detachment of
proglottids or release of
terminal gravid proglottids

A

Apolytic

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14
Q

The gravid proglottids are not
shed in the strobila and the
eggs are release in another
way

A

Anapolytic

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15
Q

cestodes doesnt habe what tract and system?

A

Alimentary tract and vascular system

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16
Q

Food is absorbed by the

A

cuticle system

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17
Q

(Having only a one reproductive organ;
a male or a female)

A

Monoecious

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18
Q

(Having 2 reproductive
organ; a male and a female

A

Hermaphrodite

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19
Q

is the integument of an
organism esp. the parasitic flatworms)

A

TEGUMENT

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20
Q

Highly specialized microvilli covering the
entire surface of tegument of the
cestodes

A

Microtriches

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21
Q

Fine hair like filament distributed all
throughout the body

A

Microtriches

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22
Q

Region of growth
* Where the segments will arise

A

Neck

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23
Q
  • Individual segments are called
A

proglottids;

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24
Q

the entire chain is
called

A

strobilla

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25
Q

The main body of the tapeworm

A

Strobila; ( chain of proglottids)

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26
Q

male copulatory
organ

A

Cirrus pouch -

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27
Q

characteristic of
Diphyllobothrium latum

A
  • Coiled (Rosette)
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28
Q

characteristic
of hymenolepis specie

A

Saccular or lobulated

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29
Q

characteristics of taenia saginata and
solium

A

Tube, straight or branched

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30
Q

for attachment and eradication of the parasite

A

scolex

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31
Q

organ of attachment

A

scolex

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32
Q

region of growth

A

Neck

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33
Q

Chain of progressively developing proglottids

A

STROBILA

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34
Q

CORACIDIUM;ciliated (1st
stage larva)

A

Oncosphere larvae:

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35
Q

is where the hook or
hooklets are attached)

A

rostellum

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36
Q
A
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37
Q

ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX:  Two elongated grooves

A

BOTHRIA

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37
Q

ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX; Cup-like

A

SUCKING DISKS

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37
Q

ORGAN FOR ATTACHMENT OF SCOLEX;  Chitinous hooks

A

ROSTELLUM

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38
Q

Progressively matures and functions individually
 Originates from posterior neck region of the organism
 With completely formed sexual organs

A

PROGLOTTID

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39
Q

MATURE UTERUS

A

 Coiled
 Saccular or lobulated
 Tube, straight or branched

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40
Q

 Reticulate with ova in capsules
 With lateral branches

A

GRAVID SEGMENT

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41
Q

egg formation

A

Ootype

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42
Q

Oviduct joined to ?

A

spermatic duct

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43
Q
  • important for the nourishment of the eggs
A

Vitellaria

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44
Q

minute ducts leading to the testes

A

Vasa efferentia

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45
Q

muscular organ that opens to the vagina

A

Cirrus

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46
Q

Male copulatory organ
 Found in hymenolepis spp and Taenia spp

A

CIRRUS

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47
Q

Has the flame cell or protonephridium

A

EXCERETORY SYSTEM

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48
Q
  • one or more intermediate hosts
A

Heteroxenous

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49
Q

one intermediate host

A

Homoxenous

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50
Q

HABITAT OF CESTODES?

A

Ileum, jejunum, colon

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51
Q

metabolism of cestodes?

A

Anaerobic

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52
Q

METABOLISM
anaerobic, Absorption by

A

Tegument

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53
Q

host starvation and decrease vitamin ?

A

B

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54
Q

self and cross fertilization

A

Hermaphroditism-

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55
Q

REPRODUCTION - in Intermediate Host

A

Asexual

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56
Q

r Taenia that can last for

A

20-25
years

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57
Q

Ova -> Larva:

A

one intermediate host

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58
Q

Larva -> adult:

A

definitive host

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59
Q

can be found on the tissues of vertebrates
and invertebrates

A

Larvae-

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60
Q

TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID
no scolex; with oncospiral hooks

A

Procercoid

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61
Q

TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID; can be found in coat pads?

A

procercoid

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62
Q

TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID; elongated, infective stage

A

plerocercoid

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63
Q

TWO MAIN CLASSES OF LARVAE: SOLID:with developing scolex & strobila

A

plerocercoid

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64
Q

also known as “true bladder”. Enlarged central
cavity

A

cysticercus-

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65
Q

slightly developed bladder and a scolex at the
apex

A

cysticercoid

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66
Q

Variations: VESICULAR/ BLADDER OR CYST :

 several scolices
 Cyst is well developed
 multiple invaginated scolices

A

coenurus

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67
Q

Variations: VESICULAR/ BLADDER OR CYST :

 with daughter cyst present
 cyst is well developed
 brood capsules and daughter cells

A

echinococcus/ hydatid cyst

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68
Q

PATHOGENECITY

A

Cestodes usually has a minimal intestinal irritation.
 Toxic products
 Vit B deficiency

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69
Q

pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? Genital pore is in the center of proglottid

A

pseudophyllidean

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70
Q

pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? Globular, clubshaped
4 muscular suckers
with or without
spines or hooks

A

cyclophyllidean

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71
Q

pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean?Almond/ spatulate
2 suctorial grooves

A

pseudophyllidean

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72
Q

pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? genital pore margins of proglottid

A

cyclophyllidean

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73
Q

pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean? uterine pore center of segment

A

Pseudo

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74
Q

Largest human tapeworm (Length: 10 meters)

A

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

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75
Q

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM can live up to?

A

25 years

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76
Q

Found in Great lakes, Scandinavia, W. Europe, Japan and
South America

A

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

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77
Q

Chemical that interferes with intrinsic factor and
Vitamin B12 absorption

A

Diphyllobothrium Anemia

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78
Q

Diagnostic stage of DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

A

Embryonated egg

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79
Q

Infective stage of DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

A

: Procercoid larva

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80
Q

COMMON NAME: DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

A

Fish tapeworm or Broad tapeworm

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81
Q

D.l color?

A

Ivory white

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82
Q

bothria shape of D.l?

A

almond shape

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83
Q

Longest tapeworm of man

A

DIPHYLLOBOTHRIUM LATUM

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84
Q

ovum of D.l posterior part is?

A

Thickened

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85
Q

color of ovum of D.l

A

Yellowish to yellow-brown

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86
Q

D.l: Ovum is what if found in feces

A

Immature

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87
Q

D.l:ovum eggs/day

A

100,000

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88
Q

D.l: what hatch from eggs and are ingested by crustacean

A

coracida

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89
Q

D.l:what arvae in body cavity of cirmcumstances

A

Procercoid

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90
Q

D.l:Procercoid larva released from crustacean, develops into ?

A

Plerocercoid larva

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91
Q

D.l: liberated from eggshell
 swims feely in water

A

CORACIDUM

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92
Q

D.l:measures 500 µ in length
 with 3 pairs of hooklets

A

PROCERCOID

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93
Q

D.l:Glistening, opaque white

A

PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM

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94
Q

D.l:Unsegmented and has an invaginated anterior end
 No scolex

A

PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM

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95
Q

D.l Infective stage to man

A

PLEROCERCOID LARVAE/SPARGANUM

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96
Q

D.l: Reservoir hosts:

A

dogs and cats

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97
Q

D.l: Final Hosts

A

man

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98
Q

D.l 1st IH: copepods

A

Genus Cyclops and Diaptomus

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99
Q

D.l 2nd IH:

A

: fresh water fishes
o Pike, salmon, trout, white fish

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100
Q

D.l Migration of proglottids can cause

A

cholecystitis or cholangitis

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101
Q

mechanical obstruction or inflammation of the gal bladder

A

Cholecystitis

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102
Q

Obstruction of the bile duct

A

Cholangitis

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103
Q

Blood picture of D.l

A

Macrocytic normochromic anemia

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104
Q

___% have decreased vitamin B12 levels ?

A

40%

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105
Q

Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum?  Eyes, nose, neck
 Brain and abdominal viscera
 Intense inflammation and eosinophilia
 Ingestion of infected cyclops

A

SPARGANOSIS

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106
Q

Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum?
Edematous swelling of the eyelids
 Intense pain
 Irritation

A

OCULAR SPARGANOSIS

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107
Q

Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum?  Macrocytic normochromic anemia
 With thrombocytopenia
 Mild leukopenia
 A pernicious type of anemia
 40% have decreased vitamin B12 levels

A

BOTHRIOCEPHALUS ANEMIA

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108
Q

Disease of Diphyllobotrium latum?  Clinical symptoms may be mild
 Systemic toxemia, abdominal discomfort, loss of weight, loss
of appetite & malnutrition
 Migration of proglottids can cause cholecystitis or cholangitis
 Can cause mechanical destruction

A

DIPHYLLOBOTHRASIS/ BROAD TAPEWORM INFECTION

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109
Q

D.l freeze at what degree and for how many hours?

A

-18 deg, 24 hrs

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110
Q

TAENIA SOLIUM common name

A

Pork tapeworm

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111
Q

T. solium Disease:

A

Cysticercosis

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112
Q

Taenia solium definitive host and intermediate host?

A

Man

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113
Q

parasite? Scolex (head) - globular with 4 suckers and armed with
rostellum (circular tow of hooks)

A

TAENIA SOLIUM

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114
Q

taenia.s organ of attachment

A

Rostellum

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115
Q

parasite that has rostellum (circular tow of hooks)
 Rostellum: double crowned of hooks

A

TAENIA SOLIUM

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116
Q

Unsegmented narrow neck and a large body which is formed
with several hundred of proglottids

A

TAENIA SOLIUM

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117
Q

the entire body of taenia solium is called the

A

Strobila

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118
Q

Slightly smaller to the T. saginata

A

taenia solium

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119
Q

parasite? 2 radially striated shells

A

T. solium

120
Q

how many hooklets in internal oncosphere the egg of t.solium

A

6 hooklets

121
Q

ova of t.solium color

A

spherical brown

122
Q

how do you differentiate egg of t.solium and t.saginata?

A

patient history

123
Q

egg of parasite? Can be viable up to ____ months in the water, soil and vegetation
particularly in humid and warm environment

A

T.solium; 2 monthd

124
Q

parasite? The proglottids that are closer to the scolex don’t have a
sexual organ

A

t.solium

125
Q

The farther from the scolex the more sexually mature the
proglottid are.

A

t.solium

126
Q

—> 50,000 fertile eggs w/c will be
accumulated by long profusely branch uterus

A

mature proglottids of t.solium

127
Q

intermediate host of t.solium

A

pig or man

128
Q

disease of t.solium

A

Taeniasis solium, cysticercosis

129
Q

t.solium; every fer many dayshow many gravid proglottid will detach/shed from the dital end of the worm and will pass through the feces?

A

2-5 gravid proglottid

130
Q

disease of t.solium; A liquid filled vesicle measuring 10-20 millimeters in diameter
with great variation in size

A

CYSTICERCOSIS CELLULOSAE

131
Q

fulfill their metabolic and nutritional
needs by absorption and diffusion through the vesicular wall

A

Taenia and cysticerci

132
Q

The vesicular fluid is mostly composed of water although it
also contains calcium, glycoproteins, cholinesterase as well
as coproporphyrin

A

CYSTICERCOSIS CELLULOSAE

133
Q

the ones that contains the larva of t.solium

A

oncosphere

134
Q

T.solium most frequently lodge in

A

voluntary tissue

135
Q

t.solium larvae will complete development in how many months?

A

2 months

136
Q

parasite? It is
semitransparent opalis and white and elongate oval in shape,
and it may reach a length of .6 – 1.8 cm

A

t.solium

137
Q

parasite? The bladder is fluid filled and on one side it is a denser area
containing the scolex

A

t.solium

138
Q

t.solium Ocular cysticercosis percent

A

2.5%

139
Q

t.solium muscular involvement:percent

A

10%

140
Q

t.solium Most common clinical manifestation of
neurocysticercosis and usually represents its
primary or only manifestation

A

epilepsy

141
Q

is the leading cause of adults on
set epilepsy

A

Neurocysticercosis

142
Q

Recently, epilepsy has been reported in around _____% of all patients with neurocysticercosis

A

50-70%

143
Q

t.solium enlargement of the brain

A

Intermittent obstructive Hydrocephalus

144
Q

patient with nuerocysticercosis has % possibility to develop hydrocephalus

A

10-30%

145
Q

t.solium, intraocular cysticerci may be located at the?

A

anterior chamber which is the lens

146
Q

t.solium sub retinal cyst is most often located at the

A

macula

147
Q

Taenia saginata common name

A

beef tapeworm

148
Q

earliest human parasite

A

t.saginata

149
Q

Tapeworm infection have been recorded in the history
from _____ and have been recognized as the earliest
human parasite

A

1500 BC

150
Q

: The differentiation between Taenia saginata and Taenia solium
happened in the late

A

1700

151
Q

However, the exact life cycle of Taenia
saginata was discovered only in ____ when the cattle wa identified as
the immediate host.

A

1863

152
Q

definitive host of t.saginata

A

human

153
Q

human is not an intermediate host thus human cysticercosis due
to this spp does not occur.

A

t.saginataa

154
Q

It takes ___weeks for the worm to mature into
adulthood into the human intestines. (only a single worn
is present at a time. However, multiple worms have been
known to inhabit the human body)

A

5-12 weeks

155
Q

Pear-shaped head (scolex) with four suckers but no
hooks

A

T.saginata

156
Q

T. saginata Inhabits the ____ and may live up to 25 years

A

upper jejunum

157
Q

Derives nourishment from the intestinal contents and it
is devoid of hooks thus no rostellum.

A

T.saginata

158
Q

t.saginata; The mature proglottid is approximately ____ in shape
and can contain matre male and female reproductive
organs.

A

squarw

159
Q

The uterus has median club-shaped

A

t.saginata

160
Q

The vagina is sphincter shape

A

T.saginata

161
Q

Contain an embryo with 3 hooklets

A

T.saginata

162
Q

Contain an embryo with 6 hooklets

A

T.solium

163
Q

disease of t.saginata

A

TAENIASIS SAGINATA

164
Q

disease? Disturbance in the normal functions of the digestive tract
 Systemic intoxication

A

TAENIASIS SAGINATA

165
Q

Most patients do not know that they are infected until a
single proglottid will actually crawl out of the anus or
individual proglottids are spotted on the surface of stool.

A

TAENIASIS SAGINATA

166
Q

is diagnosed by recovering eggs or gravid
proglottids from the feces of the infected host

A

TAENIASIS

167
Q

Eggs are irregularly passed out in the stool

A

STOOL EXAMINATION (concentration Techniques)

168
Q

Can be used for increasing the chance of
demonstrating the eggs

A

FECT

169
Q

Useful because eggs are left in the perianal
skin

A

Perianal Scotch Tape Method

170
Q

METHODS OF DIFFERENTIATING TAENIA SPP:
1. Examine the proglottids in the feces

A

 Inject dye (India ink or safranin) using gauge 26 needle
 Count the uterine branches

171
Q

armed with rostellum with 4 muscular suckers

A

T. solium

172
Q

unarmed with 4 muscular suckers

A

T. saginata:

173
Q

isolated from aborigines of Taiwan

A

Taiwan asiatica

174
Q

Cysticercus:
o Invaginated scolex armed with hooklets
o Adult scolex: unarmed

A

Taiwan taenia

175
Q

Gravid segments: 11-32 branches

A

Taiwan taenia

176
Q

Taiwan taenia resembles

A

Taenia solium

177
Q

Adult scolex is unarmed and it resembles saginata

A

Taiwan taenia

178
Q

found in pigs, cattles, goats, wild bores and monkeys

A

Taiwan taenia

179
Q

It is the most common cause of all cestode infection and is
encountered worldwide specifically in temperate areas and its
incidence is higher in children and in institutionalized groups.

A

Hymenolepis nana

180
Q

common name of H.nana

A

Dwarf tapeworm

181
Q

H.nana variety in rats

A

fraternal

182
Q

Scolex: retractable anterior rostellum

A

HYMENOLEPIS NANA/ VAMPIROLEPIS NANA

183
Q

distinguishing characteristic of H. nana

A

20-30 Y-shaped hooklets

184
Q

smallest cestode

A

H.nana

185
Q

H.nana Common associated disease and condition is

A

Hymenolepsiasis or dwarf tapeworm disease

186
Q

Genital pores: same side

A

H. nana

187
Q

Scolex: retractable anterior rostellum

A

H.nana

188
Q

Larva (Cysticercoid stage):
 Tailed structure
 invaginated scolex
 lacks a fluid filled bladder
 develops in insect or human villi

A

H.nana

189
Q

Eggs are oval or subspherical or smaller ranging from
40-60um x 30-50um

A

H.nana

190
Q

H.nana stage where it develops in the insect of human vili

A

Cysticercoid stage

191
Q

H.nana : On the inner membrane ar___ poles from which____
polar filaments would spread out between the two
membranes

A

2 poles; 4-8 polar filaments

192
Q

h.nana; The oncosphere has ___hooks

A

6 hook

193
Q

intermediate host of H.nana?

A

rice and flour beetles (Tenebrio spp)

194
Q

Definitive host of H.nana

A

man, rats, mice

195
Q

infective stage of H.nana direct life cycle

A

embryonated ova

196
Q

infective stage of H.nana indirect life cycle

A

cysticercoid larva

197
Q

The eggs of H. nana can be immediately infective when
passed with a stool and cannot survive for more than ____
in the external environment

A

10 days

198
Q

The oncosophere will have the _____ will
penetrate the intestinal villi and develop into cysticercoid
larva

A

hexacanth larvae

199
Q

H.nana reside in what portion of the small intestine

A

iliac portion

200
Q

H. nana: The lifespan of adut worm is_____weeks but internal infection
will allow the infection to persist for years.

A

4-6 weeks

201
Q

disease: Massive infection may follow autoreinfection
 there mayb be little or no pathology that can occur
from the development of cysticercoid in the villi.

A

DWARF TAPEWORK INFECTION

202
Q

h. nana: we find ____ in tissues that would usually
happen in the direct life cycle:

A

cysticercoid

203
Q

life cyccle of h.nana:
o induce little or no immunity
o permitting occasional massive internal
reinfection

A

indirect cycle

204
Q

life cyccle of h.nana: cellular and humoral response

A

direct life cycle:

205
Q

o TREATMENT OF CHOICE for H. NANA
o It causes paralysis and death of H.nana

A

Praziquantel (25 mg/kg single dose)

206
Q

It causes death to the tapeworm by interfering with the
oxidative phosphorylation

A

niclosamide

207
Q

common name of H. diminuta

A

Rat Tapeworm (primarily a parasite of rats)

208
Q

Human: accidental infections

A

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

209
Q

parasite? scolex is club-shaped: unarmed rostellum (means no hooks) with
four suckers.

A

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

210
Q

The oncosphere has 3 pairs of hooks but no polar filaments

A

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

211
Q

The gravid proglottids consist of a bladder like cyst that contain little
or no fluid that emerges from select tapeworm eggs that happens
in the host

A

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

212
Q

3 ovoid testes and 1 ovary

A

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA

213
Q

HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA
 Genital pores:
 Uterus:

A

 Genital pores: unilateral
 Uterus: sac-like with eggs

214
Q

hooklets of H.diminuta arrangement

A

Fan-like arrangement

215
Q

o Enclosed in an inner membrane
o Lacks bipolar filaments

A

 Hexacanth larva (oncosphere) of H.diminuta

216
Q

intermediate host of H.diminuta

A

(beetles, cockroaches, ratfleas)

217
Q

Definitive hosts of H.diminuta

A

rat and man

218
Q

infective stage of H.diminuta

A

cysticercoid larva

219
Q

H. diminuta Mature cysticercoid: usually develops in infective beetles _____ days
following infection

A

20 days

220
Q

the species from the genus _____ are actually the common
intermediate host for Hymenolepis diminuta.

A

Triobolium

221
Q

Taenia’s and cysterici fulfill their metabolic and nutritional
needs by

A

Absorption and diffusion

222
Q

Common name of D. caninum

A

Double-pored tapeworm/Dog tapeworm, flea
tapeworm, cucumber tapeworm

223
Q

Very common parasite of dogs and cats worldwide

A

D. caninum

224
Q

Normal host of D.caninum

A

Canines, fleas and feline

225
Q

Human is an accidental host of this parasite

A

D.cani

226
Q

intermediate host of D.cani

A

larval stages of the dog or cat flea, or
occasionally the Trichodectes canis or the dog louse

227
Q

color of adult D.cani

A

Pale red

228
Q

With 4 suckers and a club shaped arm rostellum

A

D.cani

229
Q

1-7 rows (30-150) or 1-7 circlets of spine that resides on
the rostellum

A

D.cani

230
Q

Shape of the hook of D.cani

A

Rose thorn shaped

231
Q

Filled with polygonal-shaped uterine eggs pocket
 Full of eggs closing an embryonic membrane

A

D.cani

232
Q

MAture and gravid resembles a pumpkin seed or pumpkin seed in
shaped

A

D. cani

233
Q

Segments of D. caninum and this is from a member enclosed
pocket which every pocket contains how many eggs?

A

5-30

234
Q

embryo is hexacanth and contains 3 pairs of delicate hooklets

A

D.cani

235
Q

disease of D.cani?

A

: Dipylidiasis or Dog tapeworm infection

235
Q

Self limiting disease of what parasite?

A

D.cani

236
Q

habitat of D.cani

A

Lumen of the small intestine of dogs

237
Q

Prolottids are flattenend between 2 slides

A

D. cani

238
Q

Egg capsules are rarely seen in feces

A

D.cani

239
Q

Scolex- rhomboidal-shaped, with a club-shaped
rostellum and thorn shaped hooks

A

D.cani

240
Q

mature- pumpkin seed shaped with
double set of reproductive organs

A

D.cani

241
Q

gravid- filled with polygonal-shape
uterine egg pocket

A

D.cani

242
Q

genus of parasitic tapeworms that has chicken, turkey, geese
and numerous other domestic and wild birds as final hosts.

A

RAILLIETINA

243
Q

the broad-headed tapeworm, up to
13 cm long and 1-3 mm wide, in chicken, turkey and many
wild birds; found worldwide

A

Raillietina cesticillus:

244
Q

the nodular tapeworm, up to
25 cm long and 1 -4 mm wide, in chicken, pigeon, pheasants;
found worldwide

A

Raillietina echinobothrida

245
Q

up to 25 cm long and 1-4 mm wide,
in numerous domestic and wild birds; found worldwide

A

Raillietina tetragona

246
Q

: up to 7 cm long and 1.5 mm wide,
mainly in pigeons; found in Europe, Near and Middle East

A

Raillietina bonini:

247
Q

most significant Raillietina

A

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI

248
Q

Common intestinal cestode of rodents in the Philippines

A

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI

249
Q

first case of R.garri?

A

Thailanf in 1891

250
Q

Scolex: minute; subglobular, has rostellum with 90-
140 hammer shaped hooks

A

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI

251
Q

common genital pore that opens at one side

A

RAILLIETINA GARRISONI

252
Q

Intermediate host of R.garri

A

: flour beetle (Tribolium confusum)

253
Q

Diagnosis of R.garr

A

Proglottids and ova

254
Q

Common name of E. granulosus

A

Hydatid worm, hydatid cyst, dog tapeworm

255
Q

Smallest of all tapeworm

A

E. granu

256
Q

infective stage of E.granu

A

Embryonated ova

257
Q

intermediate host of E. granu

A

sheep, cattles, horses, humans

258
Q

definitive host of E.granu

A

Dogs and other canines

259
Q

E. granu disease

A

unilocular echinococcosis, hydatid disease, echinococciasis

260
Q

Man is parasitized only by the LARVA (hydatid
cyst) of the tapeworm. The dog is the optimum
definitive host which consumes the viscera of the IH
containing the infective larval stage and thereby
becomes infected.

A

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS

261
Q

SCOLEX: Pyriform with 4 suckers and armed rostellum
(double crown of 20-36 hooklets)

A

ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUS

262
Q

This form is not typically seen in human but commonly found
in canine

A

adult E. granu

263
Q
  • uterus with its lateral invagination
    resemble a loosely twisted coil. Uterus has 12-15
    branches distended with around 500 eggs.
A

E. granu

264
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:

A
265
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components: Outermost morphological contour

A

Germinal Layer

265
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components: Responsible for the uptake of essential resources
from the host

A

Germinal Layer

265
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Asexually buds from the blood capsule
o Protrudes from the germinal layer
o Develops into an adults

A

prostoscolex

266
Q

E.granu:
Obstructive jaundice
o Fever
o eosinophilia

A

Liver 66%

266
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Comprises of numerous proteinaceous and nonproteinaceous materials wich are secreted from the
parasite as well as absorbed from the host

A

Hydatid fluid

267
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Harbors tegumental materials shed from the
protoscolex and resources derived from the
metabolic turnover of the germinal layer

A

Hydatid fluid

268
Q

LARVA: HYDATID CYST
3 Major Components:Proteins are crucial at the host parasite interface for
maturation and survival of he parasites within the
host and disease progresson

A
269
Q

E.granu:
Coughing with allergic symptoms
o Sputum (frothy blood mucus with a hydatid fluid)

A

Lungs 22%

270
Q

o Intermittent pain
o Hematuria
o Kidney dysfunction

A

Kidnets 3%

271
Q

E.granu:
Increased intracranial pressure
o Jacksonian epilepsy

A

BRAIN

272
Q

Life span is inversely proportional to the temperature

A

ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS

273
Q

E. multi aka

A

hydatid worm

274
Q

E. multi MOT

A

Fecal-oral

275
Q

Once worms are in the host, they reside in the small intestines
and can travel to various other organs through the lymphatic
system

A

ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS

276
Q

most site of cysts of E. multi

A

Liver

277
Q

Larval growth remains indefinitely in the proliferative stage
wherein there is an invasion of the surrounding tissues

A

ECHINOCOCCUS MULTILOCULARIS

278
Q

Rostellum is located on the frontal end surface or apex of the
scolex

A

E. multi

279
Q

No mouth, they absorb nutrients through their external
covering and microvilli
 No anus
 Scolex is attached to the strobila via a long thin neck

A

E. multi

280
Q

disease of e. multi

A

Hydatid disease
hydatidosis
alveolar multiocular hydatid disease

281
Q

distinct stage, a complex cysticercus that develops
from the hexacanth. They have an alveolar structure ovoid
shape and make up a spongy mass of daughter hydatids and
protoscolices

A

Hydatid stage of E. multi

282
Q

encysted larvae

A

E.multi

283
Q

A protoscolex is a juvenile scolex budded within a hydatid
metacestode. They are grayish-white with gelatinous contents
and liters of fluids.

A

E. multi

284
Q

Organism resistant to praziquante

A

E. muli

285
Q

Surgery: only definitive treatment

A

E. multi

286
Q

DIagnosis of E. granu

A

Roentgenography

287
Q

Diagnosis of E. multi

A

ELISA
Radiological studies

288
Q

intermediate host of Raillietina garrisoni, genus

A

flour beetle (Tribolium confusum)

289
Q

Taenia multiceps common name

A

Gid worm

290
Q

intermediate host of taenia multiceps

A

herbivores

291
Q

Definitive host of taenia multiceps

A

Dogs, wolves and fox

292
Q

Infective stage of T. multiceps

A

Embryonated egg

293
Q

is a juvenile scolex budded within a hydatid
metacestode. They are grayish-white with gelatinous contents
and liters of fluids.

A

Protoscolex of E. multi

294
Q

replacement of cyst fluid of e. granu

A

2% Silver nitrate
10% formalin

295
Q

E. Muli; ingested by definitive host

A

Protoscolices

PARASIT (29 decks)

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