Flagellates Flashcards
1
Q
phylum of flagellates
A
Protozoas
2
Q
superclass of flagellates
A
Mastigophora
3
Q
sub phylum of flagellates
A
sarcomastigophora
4
Q
class of flagellates
A
Zoomastigophora
5
Q
two groups of flagellates
A
intestinal and atrial
6
Q
Members of this class lack or do not have the chromatophores
and thus depend on previously manufactured plant and
animal foods
A
intestinal
7
Q
Their nutrition is holozoic (parasitic) and therefore may be
simple or in some cases it might be quite complex.
A
intestinal
8
Q
Has a single nucleus and neuromotor apparatus. This
neuromotor would consist of a
➢ Blepharoplast which constitutes the kinetoplast.
A
intestinal
9
Q
is an energizing component of flagellates.
A
kinetoplast
10
Q
has an axonin
A
kinetoplast
11
Q
rudimentary mouth is also known as
A
cytostome
12
Q
reproduction of flagellates
A
longitudinal binary fission
13
Q
disease of G.lamblia
A
giardiasis or flagellate diarrhea
14
Q
only pathogenic intestinal flagellate
A
G.lamblia
15
Q
Old-man in eyeglasses because of the two
nuclei with a central large karyosome or tennis
racket
A
Gardia lamblia
16
Q
motility of gardia lamblia
A
jerky falling leaf (one of the
confirmatory that it is Giardia), kite like,
spinning, flip-flop
17
Q
how many nuclei in cyst of G.lamblia
A
4 nuclei
18
Q
is a sheath of microtubules that rises from the base
of flagella and is sometimes projecting beyond the end of the
cell and is often flexible and contractile and this may also be
involved in movement and provides support of the cell.
A
Axostyle
19
Q
habitat of G.lamblia
A
Duodenum or gallbladder
20
Q
invasive stage of G.lamblia
A
Trophozoite
21
Q
Infective stage of G.lamblia
A
Cyst
22
Q
incubation period of G.lamblia
A
1-4 weeks
23
Q
A
24
Q
MOT of G.lamblia
A
ingestion of contaminated food/drink
25
It has a unique microtubule structure that would include the
ventral disc. It has the primary organelles of attachment.
G.lamblia
26
It has the primary organelles of attachment.
G.lamb
27
During attachment, the ___has a domed
conformation and enables the Giardia to attach to the host
intestinal epithelium within seconds.
ventral disc
28
diagnostic stage of G.lamblia
Trophozoites
29
due to the coating of large surface as a barrier
to fat absorption
Steatorrhea; g lamb
30
can also be a mode of anchorage or attachment.
axostyle
31
- it is the structure of
undefined function.
median (parabasal) body
32
has a domed
conformation and enables the Giardia to attach to the host
intestinal epithelium within seconds.
ventral disc
33
is also known as fatty stool.
steatorrhea
34
odor of gardia lamblia, steatorrhea
hydrogen sulfide or rotten egg smell
35
. It is watery and the smell is rotten
egg that is what parasite>
G.lamblia
36
odor of amoebiasis due to E.coli
fishy smell
37
DFS- stained (Lugols) or unstained (we don’t need to add
NSS because it is already watery)
G.lmab
38
G.lamblia:
reveal the hypermotility of organism
fluoroscopy
39
G.lamblia:
to reveal mucosal defects
X ray
40
1. Duodenal irritation- that causes stomachache
2. Excess secretion of mucous
3. Dehydration - due to diarrhea
4. Dull epigastric pain
5. Diarrhea
6. Steatorrhea- due to the coating of large surface as a barrier
to fat absorption
G.lamb
41
accurate identification of giardiasis
enterotest
42
one of the clinical manifestation of giardiasis?
Excessive secretion of mucous
43
habitat og C.mesnili
cecal region of large intestine
44
pear shaped trophozoite
C.mesnili
45
Asymmetric due to cystostome and spiral groove
CHILOMASTIX MESNIL
46
This constitutes the kinetoplast
Blepharoplast
47
The _____ of flagellum is a continuation of the axonin which is composed of one or more fibrils.
Atrial atructure
48
Life cycle of trypanosomes
Dimorphic or polymorphic
49
Bilaterally symmetrical; pear-shaped
G.lam
50
With two nuclei, large central karyosome
G.lamb
51
1 nucleus with small central karyosome
CHILOMASTIX MESNILI
52
It has 3 flagellates that extends from the nucleus at
the anterior end of the parasite. These flagellates
helps the movement or motilityof the
CHILOMASTIX MESNILI
53
motility of C.mesinili
cork-screw, jerky, clockwise, twisting (this
can help in the identification of chilomastix mesnili
in stool sample
54
A distinct oral group or cystostome can be seen
near the nucleus and it moves in a directional
manner.
CHILOMASTIX MESNILI
55
infective stage of C,mes
Cyst
56
Lemon-shaped (nipple-like protrusion
Cyst of C.mes
57
C.mesnili Has a curved cytostomal fibril called the
shepherd's crook
58
We view this via HPO and it is more difficult to identify as
compared to your trematodes, cestodes and nematodes as
they are smaller and sometimes they resemble RBCs, and
most often resembles WBCs and pus cells
C.mesni
59
sometimes they resemble RBCs, and
most often resembles WBCs and pus cells
C.mes
60
Balantidium coli resembles
Fat globules
61
PATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SYMPTOMS:
● Non pathogenic
● Diarrhea
C.mes
62
C.mes cysts lemon shaped can be seen in
formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT)
63
C.mes Motile organisms can be seen in
wet preparation of
a fresh stool
64
C. mes characteristic morphology
is evident in
permanent stained preparation
65
they don’t have
any cysts form.
trichomonas species, a
66
infective and pathogenic stage of trichomonas
trophozoites
67
Shape of trichomonas species
filiform
68
Nucleus of Tricho spp is found at
the anterior portion
69
tricho spp has how many flagella
4 ANTERIOR flagella and 5th one running along the undulating membrane
70
Highly vacuolated cytoplasm
TRICHOMONAS SPECIES
71
TRICHOMONAS SPECIESmotility
Fast jerky tumbling movement
72
Tricho spp multiplies through?
Longitudinal binary fission
73
Habitat of T.tenax
-Buccal cavity
-Tartar of the teeth
74
habitat of T. hominis
Cecal area (Large intestine)
Can also be found in monkeys, cats,
dogs and rats
75
Habitat of T. vaginals
-Vagina
-Prostate gland
-Urethra
76
Similar to T. hominis in
general appearance but the
undulated membrane is the
difference
T. tenax
77
tricho spp that is medium sized
T.hominis
78
largest tricho spp
T.vagi
79
tricho spp that has round nucleus
T.tenax
80
Tricho spp that has Ovoidal nucleus
T.hominis
81
tricho spp:
Ovoidal
The axostyle curves slightly around the nucleus
T.vagi
82
Tricho spp:
No flagella also just like T.
vaginalis
T. tenax
83
Tricho spp: undulating membrane is ⅔ of the body length
T.tenax
84
Tricho spp: undulating membrane
-Less than ½ of the body length
-The undulating membrane usually reaches up to
the middle part of the body but it may be shorter in
some specimen
T.vagi
84
Tricho spp: undulating membrane is as long as the body length
T.hominis
85
Tricho spp: Has 4 flagella in the anterior part and 1 in the
posterior part
T. hominis
86
a thin like
extension of the
plasma membrane
that is located on the
side of the organism
Undulating
membrane
87
Tricho spp:No chaining flagellum and the parabasal body with
a parabasal filament is large
T,vagi
88
Tricho spp: no inclusion bodies
T.tenax and hominis
89
Tricho spp: has Siderophil bodies in the cytoplasm
T.vagi
90
Tricho spp: cytostome is inconspicuous
T.tenax
91
Tricho spp: Cytostome is highly conscpicuous
T.homi
92
Tricho spp: cytostome is not visible
T.vagi
93
Tricho spp:Oral scraping - can be found
in the buccal cavity, oral
cavity or tartar of the teeth.
T. tenax
94
Tricho spp: is harmless
commensal
T. tenax
95
Tricho spp: diagnosis in stool
T.hominis
96
Tricho spp: Diagnosis i sVaginal swab
-Urine
-Urethral discharge
T.vagi
97
Tricho spp: MOT: -Use of contaminated eating
utensils
-Kissing
T.tenax
98
Tricho spp: MOT: ngestion of contaminated food and
drink
T>homi
99
Tricho spp: MOT: Sexual contact and rarely congenital
T>vagi
100
T.vagi incidence of infection in women would usually vary from what percent
20-40%
101
T.vagi incidence of infection in man would usually vary from what percent
4-15%
102
The transmission is usually
through sexual intercourse by often the infected male who
would act as the intermediary.
T.vagi
103
T.vagi n women it is symptomatic inhabits the vagina and causes
Vaginitis
104
T.vagi in men is more on
prostatis
105
The parasites would cause severe erosion of the vaginal
mucosa that characterize by inflammation, itching, burning
sensation, and a white vaginal discharge.
T.vag
106
There is no cyst produced by
T.vag
107
T.vagi: The pathogenic strings had been found within n the cytoplasm
of the ?
macrophages and epithelial cells
108
itching and irritation,
burning sensation of urine
irritating vaginal secretions: (liquid, yellow to greenish)
strawberry cervix
Tricomoniasis
109
T.vagi resides in what epithelium of what tracg
Squamous epithelium of urogenital tract
110
survival time of t. vag: Unpolished wood
30 mins
111
survival time of t. vag: Wash Cloth
23 hrs
112
survival time of t. vag: Urine
9-20hrs
113
survival time of t. vag: Water
35-40 mins
114
survival time of t. vag: porcelein
1 hour
115
survival time of t. vag: toilet paper/sponges
1-2 hours
116
survival time of t. vag: glass slides
3 hours
117
Some species of flagellate protozoa have a
rudimentary mouth, called the
cytostome
118
The only intestinal
flagellate to cause disease in humans is
G.lamb
119
while
among the trichomonas species, the only specie known to be
pathogenic in man is
T.vag
120
This structure arises from the base of the flagella
Axostyle
121
Which structure in Giardia has an undefined function?
Median bodies or Parabasal bodies
122
Odor of a hydrogen sulfide (layman’s terms)
Rotten egg
123
What means of diagnosis would reveal hypermotility of
Giardia lamblia?
Fluoroscopy
124
What are the two medicines that would help in the treatment
of Giardiasis?
○ Oral metronidazole and furazolidone
125
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