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PARASIT > Flagellates > Flashcards

Flagellates Flashcards

1
Q

phylum of flagellates

A

Protozoas

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2
Q

superclass of flagellates

A

Mastigophora

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3
Q

sub phylum of flagellates

A

sarcomastigophora

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4
Q

class of flagellates

A

Zoomastigophora

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5
Q

two groups of flagellates

A

intestinal and atrial

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6
Q

Members of this class lack or do not have the chromatophores
and thus depend on previously manufactured plant and
animal foods

A

intestinal

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7
Q

Their nutrition is holozoic (parasitic) and therefore may be
simple or in some cases it might be quite complex.

A

intestinal

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8
Q

Has a single nucleus and neuromotor apparatus. This
neuromotor would consist of a
➢ Blepharoplast which constitutes the kinetoplast.

A

intestinal

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9
Q

is an energizing component of flagellates.

A

kinetoplast

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10
Q

has an axonin

A

kinetoplast

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11
Q

rudimentary mouth is also known as

A

cytostome

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12
Q

reproduction of flagellates

A

longitudinal binary fission

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13
Q

disease of G.lamblia

A

giardiasis or flagellate diarrhea

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14
Q

only pathogenic intestinal flagellate

A

G.lamblia

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15
Q

Old-man in eyeglasses because of the two
nuclei with a central large karyosome or tennis
racket

A

Gardia lamblia

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16
Q

motility of gardia lamblia

A

jerky falling leaf (one of the
confirmatory that it is Giardia), kite like,
spinning, flip-flop

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17
Q

how many nuclei in cyst of G.lamblia

A

4 nuclei

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18
Q

is a sheath of microtubules that rises from the base
of flagella and is sometimes projecting beyond the end of the
cell and is often flexible and contractile and this may also be
involved in movement and provides support of the cell.

A

Axostyle

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19
Q

habitat of G.lamblia

A

Duodenum or gallbladder

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20
Q

invasive stage of G.lamblia

A

Trophozoite

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21
Q

Infective stage of G.lamblia

A

Cyst

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22
Q

incubation period of G.lamblia

A

1-4 weeks

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23
Q
A
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24
Q

MOT of G.lamblia

A

ingestion of contaminated food/drink

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25
Q

It has a unique microtubule structure that would include the
ventral disc. It has the primary organelles of attachment.

A

G.lamblia

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26
Q

It has the primary organelles of attachment.

A

G.lamb

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27
Q

During attachment, the ___has a domed
conformation and enables the Giardia to attach to the host
intestinal epithelium within seconds.

A

ventral disc

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28
Q

diagnostic stage of G.lamblia

A

Trophozoites

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29
Q

due to the coating of large surface as a barrier
to fat absorption

A

Steatorrhea; g lamb

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30
Q

can also be a mode of anchorage or attachment.

A

axostyle

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31
Q
  • it is the structure of
    undefined function.
A

median (parabasal) body

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32
Q

has a domed
conformation and enables the Giardia to attach to the host
intestinal epithelium within seconds.

A

ventral disc

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33
Q

is also known as fatty stool.

A

steatorrhea

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34
Q

odor of gardia lamblia, steatorrhea

A

hydrogen sulfide or rotten egg smell

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35
Q

. It is watery and the smell is rotten
egg that is what parasite>

A

G.lamblia

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36
Q

odor of amoebiasis due to E.coli

A

fishy smell

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37
Q

DFS- stained (Lugols) or unstained (we don’t need to add
NSS because it is already watery)

A

G.lmab

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38
Q

G.lamblia:
reveal the hypermotility of organism

A

fluoroscopy

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39
Q

G.lamblia:
to reveal mucosal defects

A

X ray

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40
Q
  1. Duodenal irritation- that causes stomachache
  2. Excess secretion of mucous
  3. Dehydration - due to diarrhea
  4. Dull epigastric pain
  5. Diarrhea
  6. Steatorrhea- due to the coating of large surface as a barrier
    to fat absorption
A

G.lamb

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41
Q

accurate identification of giardiasis

A

enterotest

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42
Q

one of the clinical manifestation of giardiasis?

A

Excessive secretion of mucous

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43
Q

habitat og C.mesnili

A

cecal region of large intestine

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44
Q

pear shaped trophozoite

A

C.mesnili

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45
Q

Asymmetric due to cystostome and spiral groove

A

CHILOMASTIX MESNIL

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46
Q

This constitutes the kinetoplast

A

Blepharoplast

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47
Q

The _____ of flagellum is a continuation of the axonin which is composed of one or more fibrils.

A

Atrial atructure

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48
Q

Life cycle of trypanosomes

A

Dimorphic or polymorphic

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49
Q

Bilaterally symmetrical; pear-shaped

A

G.lam

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50
Q

With two nuclei, large central karyosome

A

G.lamb

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51
Q

1 nucleus with small central karyosome

A

CHILOMASTIX MESNILI

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52
Q

It has 3 flagellates that extends from the nucleus at
the anterior end of the parasite. These flagellates
helps the movement or motilityof the

A

CHILOMASTIX MESNILI

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53
Q

motility of C.mesinili

A

cork-screw, jerky, clockwise, twisting (this
can help in the identification of chilomastix mesnili
in stool sample

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54
Q

A distinct oral group or cystostome can be seen
near the nucleus and it moves in a directional
manner.

A

CHILOMASTIX MESNILI

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55
Q

infective stage of C,mes

A

Cyst

56
Q

Lemon-shaped (nipple-like protrusion

A

Cyst of C.mes

57
Q

C.mesnili Has a curved cytostomal fibril called the

A

shepherd’s crook

58
Q

We view this via HPO and it is more difficult to identify as
compared to your trematodes, cestodes and nematodes as
they are smaller and sometimes they resemble RBCs, and
most often resembles WBCs and pus cells

A

C.mesni

59
Q

sometimes they resemble RBCs, and
most often resembles WBCs and pus cells

A

C.mes

60
Q

Balantidium coli resembles

A

Fat globules

61
Q

PATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SYMPTOMS:
● Non pathogenic
● Diarrhea

A

C.mes

62
Q

C.mes cysts lemon shaped can be seen in

A

formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT)

63
Q

C.mes Motile organisms can be seen in

A

wet preparation of
a fresh stool

64
Q

C. mes characteristic morphology
is evident in

A

permanent stained preparation

65
Q

they don’t have
any cysts form.

A

trichomonas species, a

66
Q

infective and pathogenic stage of trichomonas

A

trophozoites

67
Q

Shape of trichomonas species

A

filiform

68
Q

Nucleus of Tricho spp is found at

A

the anterior portion

69
Q

tricho spp has how many flagella

A

4 ANTERIOR flagella and 5th one running along the undulating membrane

70
Q

Highly vacuolated cytoplasm

A

TRICHOMONAS SPECIES

71
Q

TRICHOMONAS SPECIESmotility

A

Fast jerky tumbling movement

72
Q

Tricho spp multiplies through?

A

Longitudinal binary fission

73
Q

Habitat of T.tenax

A

-Buccal cavity
-Tartar of the teeth

74
Q

habitat of T. hominis

A

Cecal area (Large intestine)
Can also be found in monkeys, cats,
dogs and rats

75
Q

Habitat of T. vaginals

A

-Vagina
-Prostate gland
-Urethra

76
Q

Similar to T. hominis in
general appearance but the
undulated membrane is the
difference

A

T. tenax

77
Q

tricho spp that is medium sized

A

T.hominis

78
Q

largest tricho spp

A

T.vagi

79
Q

tricho spp that has round nucleus

A

T.tenax

80
Q

Tricho spp that has Ovoidal nucleus

A

T.hominis

81
Q

tricho spp:
Ovoidal
The axostyle curves slightly around the nucleus

A

T.vagi

82
Q

Tricho spp:
No flagella also just like T.
vaginalis

A

T. tenax

83
Q

Tricho spp: undulating membrane is ⅔ of the body length

A

T.tenax

84
Q

Tricho spp: undulating membrane
-Less than ½ of the body length
-The undulating membrane usually reaches up to
the middle part of the body but it may be shorter in
some specimen

A

T.vagi

84
Q

Tricho spp: undulating membrane is as long as the body length

A

T.hominis

85
Q

Tricho spp: Has 4 flagella in the anterior part and 1 in the
posterior part

A

T. hominis

86
Q

a thin like
extension of the
plasma membrane
that is located on the
side of the organism

A

Undulating
membrane

87
Q

Tricho spp:No chaining flagellum and the parabasal body with
a parabasal filament is large

A

T,vagi

88
Q

Tricho spp: no inclusion bodies

A

T.tenax and hominis

89
Q

Tricho spp: has Siderophil bodies in the cytoplasm

A

T.vagi

90
Q

Tricho spp: cytostome is inconspicuous

A

T.tenax

91
Q

Tricho spp: Cytostome is highly conscpicuous

A

T.homi

92
Q

Tricho spp: cytostome is not visible

A

T.vagi

93
Q

Tricho spp:Oral scraping - can be found
in the buccal cavity, oral
cavity or tartar of the teeth.

A

T. tenax

94
Q

Tricho spp: is harmless
commensal

A

T. tenax

95
Q

Tricho spp: diagnosis in stool

A

T.hominis

96
Q

Tricho spp: Diagnosis i sVaginal swab
-Urine
-Urethral discharge

A

T.vagi

97
Q

Tricho spp: MOT: -Use of contaminated eating
utensils
-Kissing

A

T.tenax

98
Q

Tricho spp: MOT: ngestion of contaminated food and
drink

A

T>homi

99
Q

Tricho spp: MOT: Sexual contact and rarely congenital

A

T>vagi

100
Q

T.vagi incidence of infection in women would usually vary from what percent

A

20-40%

101
Q

T.vagi incidence of infection in man would usually vary from what percent

A

4-15%

102
Q

The transmission is usually
through sexual intercourse by often the infected male who
would act as the intermediary.

A

T.vagi

103
Q

T.vagi n women it is symptomatic inhabits the vagina and causes

A

Vaginitis

104
Q

T.vagi in men is more on

A

prostatis

105
Q

The parasites would cause severe erosion of the vaginal
mucosa that characterize by inflammation, itching, burning
sensation, and a white vaginal discharge.

A

T.vag

106
Q

There is no cyst produced by

A

T.vag

107
Q

T.vagi: The pathogenic strings had been found within n the cytoplasm
of the ?

A

macrophages and epithelial cells

108
Q

 itching and irritation,
 burning sensation of urine
 irritating vaginal secretions: (liquid, yellow to greenish)
 strawberry cervix

A

Tricomoniasis

109
Q

T.vagi resides in what epithelium of what tracg

A

Squamous epithelium of urogenital tract

110
Q

survival time of t. vag: Unpolished wood

A

30 mins

111
Q

survival time of t. vag: Wash Cloth

A

23 hrs

112
Q

survival time of t. vag: Urine

A

9-20hrs

113
Q

survival time of t. vag: Water

A

35-40 mins

114
Q

survival time of t. vag: porcelein

A

1 hour

115
Q

survival time of t. vag: toilet paper/sponges

A

1-2 hours

116
Q

survival time of t. vag: glass slides

A

3 hours

117
Q

Some species of flagellate protozoa have a
rudimentary mouth, called the

A

cytostome

118
Q

The only intestinal
flagellate to cause disease in humans is

A

G.lamb

119
Q

while
among the trichomonas species, the only specie known to be
pathogenic in man is

A

T.vag

120
Q

This structure arises from the base of the flagella

A

Axostyle

121
Q

Which structure in Giardia has an undefined function?

A

Median bodies or Parabasal bodies

122
Q

Odor of a hydrogen sulfide (layman’s terms)

A

Rotten egg

123
Q

What means of diagnosis would reveal hypermotility of
Giardia lamblia?

A

Fluoroscopy

124
Q

What are the two medicines that would help in the treatment
of Giardiasis?

A

○ Oral metronidazole and furazolidone

125
Q
A
126
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A
127
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A
128
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129
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130
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A
131
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A
132
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A
133
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134
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135
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136
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A

PARASIT (29 decks)

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