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Microbiology > Treponema and Actinobacillus > Flashcards

Treponema and Actinobacillus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is the shape and gram of Treponema spp?

A

gram negative spirochete

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2
Q

What are the causative agents of digital dermatitis?

A

T. phagedenis, T. vincentii, T. denticola

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3
Q

what is the causative agent of vent disease?

A

T. paraluiscuniculi

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4
Q

Where is bovine digital dermatitis seen?

A

endemic in dairy cattle worldwide

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5
Q

Is Bovine digital dermatitis seen more in dairy or beef cattle?

A

dairy

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6
Q

Is Bovine digital dermatitis environmental or infectious causes?

A

both - multifactorial

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7
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of bovine digital dermatitis?

A

trauma with invasion/proliferation of agent

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8
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of bovine digital dermatitis?

A

painful interdigital inflammatory lesions, proliferative dermatitis on heel bulbs, lameness, erosive and verrucose forms

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9
Q

what is the most common foot disease in mature dairy cattle?

A

bovine digital dermatitis

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10
Q

How are BDD lesions scored?

A
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11
Q

what is CODD?

A

contagious ovine digital dermatitis

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12
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of CODD?

A

severe lameness, ulcerative lesions @ junction of coronary band and hoof wall, loss of hair above coronary band

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13
Q

what does TAHD stand for?

A

treponeme-associated hoof disease of elk

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14
Q

what are the clinical signs of TAHD?

A

lameness

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15
Q

How is digital dermatitis transmitted?

A

muddy, moist, areas, contaminated with feces

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16
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of vent disease in rabbits?

A

vesicles/ulcers w/ heavy scabs in genital region, eyelids, and lips

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17
Q

what type of disease is vent disease in rabbits?

A

venereal disease

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18
Q

How are Treponema infections diagnosed?

A

PCR
isolation on cell culture

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19
Q

How is digital dermatitis treated and controlled?

A

tetracyclines (+/- lincomycin)
regular foot baths and clean environment

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20
Q

How is vent disease treated and controlled?

A

penicillins
restrict breeding

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21
Q

what is the primary agent of swine dysentery?

A

Brachyspira spp.

22
Q

what is the main clinical manifestations of swine dysentery?

A

mucohemorrhagic colitis in grower and finisher pigs
perianal staining with blood

23
Q

where does Brachyspira spp. proliferate? what does this cause?

A

large intestine > hyper secretion of mucous and inability to resorb fluids

24
Q

How is swine dysentery transmitted?

A

recovered carrier pigs
fomites
mice and other rodents

25
Q

How is Brachyspira spp. diagnosed?

A

clinical signs and history, gross pathology
culture/PCR

26
Q

How is swine dysentery treated?

A

tiamulin +/- lincomycin

27
Q

How is swine dysentery controlled?

A

treat or cull carriers

28
Q

Where is Actinobacillus found?

A

commensal on most mucous membranes or URT and oral cavity
does not survive well in environment

29
Q

what is the causative agent of wooden tongue in cattle?

A

Actinobacillus lignieresii

30
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of wooden tongue in cattle

A

painful and hardened

31
Q

What does Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae cause in swine?

A

necrotizing fibrinohemorrhagic pneumonia

32
Q

what is the causative agent of sleepy foal disease?

A

Actinobacillus equuli

33
Q

what causes serosal petechiae and suppurative foci at kidneys in foals?

A

Actinobacillus equuli

34
Q

What does Actinobacillus suis cause in swine?

A

septicemia
meningitis

35
Q

what animal does Actinobacillus porcitonsillarium infect?

A

swine

36
Q

How is actinobacillus diagnosed?

A

culture
direct microscopy

37
Q

How is wooden tongue treated?

A

iodide (sodium or potassium) + penicillin

38
Q

How is Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) treated?

A

prophylactic antibiotics (tiamulin, Tilmicosin)

39
Q

How is sleepy foal disease treated?

A

additional colostrum

40
Q

What two anaerobic non-spore forming bacteria are often involved in foot rot and interdigital dermatitis?

A

Fusobacterium necrophorum
Dichelobacter

41
Q

Describe the epidemiology of pathogenic anaerobic non-spore forming (PANSF)

A

opportunistic infections
slow replication rates
mixed infections

42
Q

What does Fuscobacterium necrophorum cause in cattle?

A

liver abscesses secondary to rumenitis
diphtheria/necrotic pharyngitis/laryngitis

43
Q

What bacteria can synergize with Fuscobacterium necrophorum to create foot rot?

A

Dichelobacter nodosus

44
Q

What does Fuscobacterium necrophorum cause in pigs?

A

necrotic rhinitis - bull nose
pronounced bulging, foul smelling nasal discharge

45
Q

What can cause interdigital dermatitis sheep and foot rot in ruminants?

A

Fuscobacterium necrophorum

46
Q

What does Dichelobacter nodosus cause in cattle?

A

interdigital dermatitis, heel erosions, and foot rot

47
Q

What are the two forms of interdigital footrot in sheep cause by Dichelobacter nodosus?

A

benign
virulent

48
Q

Describe the Benign and virulent form of interdigital footrot cause by Dichelobacter nodosus

A
49
Q
A
50
Q
A

Microbiology (29 decks)

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