Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, GI infection & UTI Flashcards
Enterobacteriaceae (Proteus, Klebsiella & Enterbacter)
gram -
motility -
lactose fermentation -
urease production -
H2S production on TSI slant -
gram - negative bacilli
motile - proteus and enterobacter
non- motile - Klebsiella
lactose fermentation - Klebsiella and enterobacter
urease production - proteus and klebsiella
H2S production on TSI slant - Proteus
what family does Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter belong to?
Enterobacteriaceae
When ordering cultures for Enterobacteriaceae would you order aerobic, anaerobic, or both?
just aerobic - they’re facultative anaerobes so save $$$ and only order the one test
where is Klebsiella found?
widely distributed in the environment - wood shavings, surface water, sewage, soil
where is Enterobacter found?
widely distributed in the environment - surface water, sewage, soil, and plant material
What virulence factors are found in Proteus, Klebsiella, and Enterobacter? (all together)
LPS containing lipid A > fever, leukopenia > leukocytosis and hyperglycemia > fall in blood sugar and lethal shock
what virulence factors are found in Proteus?
urease
Fimbrae
Hemolysin
what Proteus is known for causing uroliths in dogs?
P. mirabilis
what virulence factors are found in Klebsiella?
capsule
endotoxin
adhesins
cytotoxic toxin - strains carry Shiga toxin of ETEC
what diseases does enterbacter aerogenes cause?
what diseases does Klebsiella pneumonia cause?
what disease does Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaris cause?
what is one of the most common bacteria isolated from inflamed ear cannal?
Proteus
How many cfu/ml is indicative of UTI?
> 100,000 cfu/ml
If a patient has UTI symptoms and the colony counts are consistently low what is the chance of the patient having a UTI
increased likelihood pathogen causing UTI
what is Columbia nalidixic acid agar select for?
gram positive bacteria
For pneumonia and diarrhea what type of test would you request?
aerobic culture and sensitivity for bacteria covered covered in this class
what test would you request for mastitis?
aerobic culture and sensitivity
what test would you request for otitis externa?
aerobic culture and sensitivity, fungal culture
what test would you request for cervicitis and metritis?
aerobic culture and sensitivity
what test would you request for UTI?
aerobic culture and sensitivity
what treatment would you do for Enterobacter aerogenes?
aminoglycosides, B-lactams (carbapenems), cephalosporins
what treatment would you do for Klebsiella penumoniae?
Aminoglycosides, usually resistant to ampicillin, tx should be based on susceptibility
what treatment would you do for Proteus mirabilis and P. vulgaries?
ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftiofur
what virulence factors does Pseudomonas have?
fimbrial adhesins
capsule
cytotoxin
endotoxin
exotoxin A, S, T
Phospholipase C - hemolysin
Pyocyanin
Rhamnolipid
Alginate biofilm
Pseudomonas
gram -
motility -
oxygen -
oxidase -
catalase -
gram - negative bacilli
motility - motile
oxygen - obligate aerobe
oxidase - positive
catalase - positive
Why is Pesudomonas one of the most common infections seen in a hospital?
it has remarkable nutritional diversity - use wide variety or organic compounds
where is Pseudomonas found?
soil, water, decaying organic matter, vegetation
Is Pseudomonas commensal or opportunistic?
opportunistic - wounds and trauma
what is the most common clinical presentation of Pseudomonas in dogs?
otitis and UTI
what can pseudomonas cause in snakes/captive reptiles?
necrotic stomatitis, mouth rot
what can pseudomonas cause in sows?
acute multiglandular mastitis in sows
