Morphology and Structure 1 Flashcards
Name the shapes
Define diplo
pair
define staphylo
grape-like cluster
define strepto
chain/strip
define tetrads
packet of 4 cells
define sarcina
packet of 8 cells
Label each as gram positive bacteria, gram negative, or acid-fast bacteria
what are the main components common to all three cell wall types
peptidoglycan and lipoproteins
what are the alternative components of the peptidoglycan layer?
NAM and NAG
what are the 3 components of the peptidoglycan layer?
backbone (NAG and NAM)
tetrapeptide side chains
peptide cross-bridges
what color are gram positive and gram negative cells after a gram stain?
+ = purple
- = red/pink
what is the shape of the gram + and gram - cells?
+ = staphylococcus
- = bacillus
Label the taped portions
what are the three parts of LPS?
which part of LPS is a virulence factor? what does it do?
Lipid A, toxic moiety
what type of bacteria has teichoic acid and lipoteichoic acid (LTA)? what does it do?
gram-positive
adherence of bacteria to host cells
what can initiate endotoxin-like activities when release upon bacterial lysis?
WTA/LTA and peptidoglycan in gram positive cells
what two genera of bacteria are acid fast?
mycobacterium and nocardia
what is the layer on acid-fast bacteria that gives the organism a waxy coat?
mycolic acid layer
what are the stains used in acid-fast staining?
carbolfuchsin - acid-fast
methylene blue - nonacid-fast
which of the following is acid fast and not?
A - not
B - acid-fast
what are the stains used in gram stain?
crystal violet
iodine treatment
safranin
