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Microbiology > Escherichia coli - GI infections and disease > Flashcards

Escherichia coli - GI infections and disease Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Where is E. coli found?

A

gut microbiome of mammals

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2
Q

How is E. coli transmitted?

A

fecal-oral transmission

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3
Q

What are the enteric pathotypes of E. coli?

A

Enterotoxigeneic (ETEC)
Enteropathogenic (EPEC)
Shiga toxin-producing (STEC)

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4
Q

What are the extraintestinal pathotypes of E. coli?

A

Avian pathogenic (APEC)
Septicemic (SEPEC)
Uropathogenic (UPEC)

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5
Q

Describe the virulence factors of E. coli

A

adhesins
exotoxins
endotoxins

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6
Q

Describe the exotoxins of E. coli

A

enterotoxins - enterocyte hypersecretion and malabsorption
shiga toxins - damage to enterocytes and endothelial cells
cytotoxins - secreted by extraintestinal pathotypes

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7
Q

What are the important reservoirs of infection with E. coli?

A

carriers

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8
Q

How are young animals predisposed to infection and disease?

A

overcrowding & poor hygiene
stress
insufficient colostral immunity

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9
Q

Where do Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) strains infect?

A

jejunum & ileum

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10
Q

Who does ETEC primarily infect?

A

young piglets, calves, lambs

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11
Q

Where do Enteropathogenic (EPEC) strains infect?

A

ileum & colon

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12
Q

what can cause post weaning diarrhea in pigs?

A

ETEC and sometimes EPEC strains

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13
Q

what are clinical signs with post-weaning diarrhea in pigs? (mild and severe)

A

mild - reduced feed intake, watery diarrhea
severe - profuse watery diarrhea, bluish-red skin ears, sudden death

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14
Q

what causes edema disease in swine?

A

Shiga toxin producing (STEC)

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15
Q

Describe pathogenesis of STEC strains

A

Shiga toxin > BS, damages endothelial cells > perivascular edema

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16
Q

what is this pig infected with?

A

STEC E. coli

17
Q

what are the factors contributing to edema disease in swine?

A

multifactorial etiology - new social and physical environments, dietary changes, loss of colostrum, etc.

18
Q

what causes Colisepticemia in mammals?

A

Septicemic (SEPEC) strains

19
Q

what animals primarily get Colisepticemia?

A

newborn ruminants

20
Q

How do septicemic strains cause disease?

A

colonize and cross mucosae or invade via infected naval
endotoxin > endotoxic shock, high mortality

21
Q

How is SEPEC bacteria excreted?

A

feces, urine, and oral & nasal secretions

22
Q

what causes Colisepticemia in poultry?

A

Avian pathogenic (APEC) strains

23
Q

How do Avian pathogenic (APEC) strains cause disease?

A

colonize & breach respiratory mucosa via inhalation of aerosolized dried feces

24
Q

what are the factors contributing to Colisepticemia in poultry?

A

multifactorial etiology - stressful housing conditions + other respiratory pathogens > inc susceptibility to infection & disease

25
Q

What does colisepticemia in poultry cause? What age?

A

acute septicemia & sudden death
primarily in birds <1 month old

26
Q

what causes urogenital tract infections?

A

Uropathogenic (UPEC) strains

27
Q

what population does UPEC strains primarily infect?

A

dogs and cats

28
Q

what is the biggest risk of pyometra?

A

potentially fatal

29
Q

what causes coliform mastitis?

A

no pathotype characterized

30
Q

what population does coliform mastitis affect?

A

older, multiparous cows

31
Q

How does coliform mastitis cause disease?

A

fecal contamination of skin of mammary gland > rapid growth in udder> endotoxin> local inflammation, systemic illness

32
Q

which form of coliform mastitis has a high rate of spontaneous cure?

A

moderate coliform mastitis - slightly swollen quarter producing watery to serous secretion w/ flakes

33
Q

what type of mastitis is coliform mastitis?

A

environmental - fecal contamination

34
Q

What is the range of disease seen with Coliform mastitis?

A

subclinical infecto to severe (fatal) systemic disease

35
Q

How is E. coli diagnosed?

A

clinical signs, history, age group
ID and culture

36
Q

How is E. coli prevented and controlled?

A

hygiene
reduce stress
feed colostrum
manage dietary changes
breed for resistance
vaccinate

37
Q

Which diseases can you vaccinate for?

A

enteric colibacillosis, edema disease, post-weaning diarrhea, E. coli mastitis

38
Q

How is E. coli treated?

A

none of its bolded sooo…..

Microbiology (29 decks)

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