Bordetella/Campylobacter

Question 1

where is Bordetella spp found?

Answer 1

extracellular commensal in upper respiratory tract of mammals and birds

Question 2

what are the 3 opportunistic pathogens of Bordetella we discuss?

Answer 2

B. bronchiseptica, B. avium, B. parapertussis

Question 3

Describe Bordetella - FYI
gram -
oxygen requirements -
catalase/oxidase -

Answer 3

gram - negative
oxygen requirements - obligate aerobe
catalase/oxidase - positive

Question 4

How is Bordetella transmitted?

Answer 4

aerosol transmission

Question 5

what does it mean that Bordetella is biphasic?

Answer 5

avirulent at 25 C
virulent genes switched at 37 C

Question 6

what are the factors that contribute to kennel cough being multifactorial?

Answer 6

stress
bordetella bronchiseptica
canine pneumovirus

Question 7

what does Bordetella have a tropism for?

Answer 7

ciliated respiratory epithelium

Question 8

what are the toxin virulence factors for Bordetella?

Answer 8

Question 9

what does B. bronchiseptica cause in pigs and dogs?

Answer 9

pigs - atrophic rhinitis
dogs - canine infectious tracheobronchitis

Question 10

what does B. avium cause in turkeys?

Answer 10

Coryza

Question 11

what are the clinical signs of kennel cough?

Answer 11

coughing, retching, mild serous oculonasal discharge, respiratory infections, bronchopneumonia

Question 12

what is canine infectious tracheobronchitis?

Answer 12

kennel cough

Question 13

what causes turbinate hypoplasia in pigs (atrophic rhinitis)?

Answer 13

infection with Brodetella bronchiseptic and Pasteurella multocida

Question 14

what are the clinical signs of turkey coryza?

Answer 14

beak breathing, sneezing

Question 15

How is Bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs diagnosed?

Answer 15

Is the dog coughing/sneezing?
history - boarding kennels, dog parks, veterinary hospitals
Positive ID (culture/PCR)
treacheal fluids, sinus exudates, PCR (CDV, Mycoplasma)

Question 16

How is Bordetella bronchiseptica in dogs treated?

Answer 16

vaccination
isolation/improved hygiene
supportive care +/- antibiotiocs

Question 17

what organisms may be recovered from cases of canine kennel cough?

Answer 17

Question 18

what species of Bordetella produce disease in respective hosts - dogs, pigs, turkeys?

Answer 18

Question 19

what are the possible clinical presentations of Bordetella infections in animals?

Answer 19

Question 20

where does Campylobacter spp. infect?

Answer 20

intestinal and genital tracts

Question 21

what type of disease does Campylobacter spp. commonly cause?

Answer 21

diarrhea or abortion

Question 22

what does C. fetus subsp. venerealis cause in cattle?

Answer 22

Question 23

what does C. fetus subsp. fetus cause in sheep?

Answer 23

Question 24

what disease does C. jejuni cause?

Answer 24

Question 25

what Campylobacter species cause venereal disease?

Answer 25

C. fetus, C. venerealis, or C. jejuni

Question 26

what campylobacter species cause diarrheal disease?

Answer 26

C. jejuni

Question 27

what are the important virulence factors of Campylobacter spp.?

Answer 27

Question 28

What does the microcapsule do in Campylobacter spp.?

Answer 28

reduces susceptibility to complement and phagocytosis

Question 29

What does the S-layer do in Campylobacter spp.?

Answer 29

8 variants for immune evasion

Question 30

what is seen with Bovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 30

temporary infertility abortion asymptomatically infected carriers

Question 31

what can cause permanent infertility in cattle? how?

Answer 31

C. venerealis bacteria migrate to oviducts

Question 32

what is seen with Ovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 32

abortion in ewes necrotic placentitis

Question 33

what causes Bovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 33

C. venerealis

Question 34

what causes ovine genital campylobacteriosis?

Answer 34

C. fetus

Question 35

what is seen with canine intestinal campylobacteriosis?

Answer 35

most infections subclinical enteritis

Question 36

what causes canine intestinal campylobacteriosis?

Answer 36

C. jejuni

Question 37

what causes avian vibrionic hepatitis?

Answer 37

C. jejuni

Question 38

How is Campylobacter spp. diagnosed?

Answer 38

PCR and culture

Question 39

How is C. fetus treated?

Answer 39

therapeutic vaccination chlortetracycline

Question 40

How is C. venerealis treated?

Answer 40

Dihydrostreptomycin in cattle

Question 41

How is C. jejuni treated?

Answer 41

Dihydrostreptomycin fluids and antibiotics

Question 42

what are some important virulence factors carried by Bordetella and their pathogenic effects?

Answer 42

Focus on toxins

Question 43

How are Bordetella infections commonly treated in each animal species it affects?

Answer 43

vaccination isolation/improved hygiene supportive care +/- antibiotics

Question 44

what are the common Campylobacter species and what animals do they affect?

Answer 44

C. fetus subsp, veneralis - bovine C, fetus subsp. fetus - ruminants (lambs) C. jejuni - most species (dogs)

Question 45

what are the clinical presentation of Campylobacter in animal species?

Answer 45

Question 46

How do Campylobacter avoid immune detection?

Answer 46

microcapsule resist complement and phagocytosis S layer shifts antigenic features

Question 47

How is Campylobacter diagnosed in animals?

Answer 47

culture and PCR

Question 48

what are the treatment or prevention options available for campylobacter in animals?

Answer 48

vaccination, antibiotics (dihydrostreptomycin, chlortetracycline), supportive care