Thoracic Wall & Lungs Flashcards
What does the breast consist of?
- glandular tissue
- ducts
- adipose tissue (fat)
What is the arterial supply for the thoracic wall?
- subclavian -> int. thoracic -> med. mammary
- axillary -> lat. thoracic -> lat. mammary
What is the lymphatic drainage of the breast?
sentinel lymph node
major lymph node is the axillary lymph node
What forms the thoracic wall?
- clavicle
- scapula
- sternum
- thoracic vertebrae
- ribs
What forms the bony support/thoracic cavity?
- sternum
- thoracic vertebrae
- ribs
What structures make of the sternum?
- jugular notch
- manubrium
- sternal angle
- body
- xiphoid process
What is attached to ribs 1 & 2 of the thoracic wall?
- rid 1 -> manubrium
- rib 2 -> angle of Louis
What ribs attach directly to the sternum?
ribs 1-7 = true ribs
What ribs attach indirectly to the sternum?
ribs 8-10 = false ribs
What ribs DO NOT attach to the sternum at all?
ribs 11-12 = floating ribs
What does the costal groove contain?
intercostal veins, artery, & nerve
b/w internal intercostal & innermost intercostal
What do the superior & inferior facets & tubercle articulate with?
- sup. -> vertebrae above
- inf. -> same # number vertebrae
- tubercle -> same # vertebrae
Is the groove for the subclavian vein anterior or posterior?
anterior
Is the groove for the subclavian artery anterior or posterior?
posterior
What is located between the subclavian vein and artery?
ant. scalene muscle which attaches to rib 1
What does the pectoralis major attach to?
- clavicle
- sternum
- costal cartilage of ribs 2-6
What does the pectoralis minor attach to?
ant. surface of ribs 3-5
What does the serratus anterior attach to?
lat. surface of ribs 1-8
Where do the external intercostals run?
- run lat. -> med
- becomes membranous ant.
Where do the internal intercostals run?
- run med. -> lat
- becomes membranous post.
- covers outside costal groove
What is located mostly laterally and covers the inside costal groove?
innermost intercostals
What are the transversus thoracic & subcostalis?
incomplete layers deep to everything
What muscles are responsible for inspiration?
- int. intercostals
- ext. intercostals
- diaphragm
What muscles are responsible for expiration?
- int. intercostals
- transversus spinalis
- subcostalis
The diaphragm is responsible for what percentage of breathing?
75%
What does the phrenic nerve innervate (C 3/4/5)?
diaphragm & lungs
What does the diaphragm do during inspiration & expiration?
- inspiration -> contracts & lowers
- expiration -> relaxes & raises
What are the structures that pass through the diaphragm?
- IVC -> 8th vertebrae
- esophagus -> 10th vertebrae
- aorta -> 12th vertebrae
What lines the thoracic cavity?
parietal pleura (superficial to visceral pleura)
What covers the lungs?
visceral pleura (deep to parietal pleura)
What is the pulmonary ligament?
folded double layer of pleura
What are recesses in the lungs?
when the pleura extends below the lungs; fluid can pool here
What are the 3 lobes of the right lung?
superior, middle, & inferior
What is the oblique fissure in the right lung?
separates sup. & inf. lobe
What is the transverse fissure in the right lung?
separates upper & middle lobe
What is the hilum of the right lung?
- connects the lung to bronchi
- contains pulmonary art. + veins
What are the impressions of the right lung from anterior to posterior?
- brachiocephalic vein
- trachea
- esophagus
- arch of Azygos
What is the lingula on the left lung?
- on sup. lobe
- remnant of missing 3rd lobe
What are the 2 lobes of the left lung?
sup & inf
What is the function of the hilum of the left lung?
- connects the lung to the bronchi
- contains pulmonary art & veins
What are the impressions of the left lung from anterior to posterior?
- cardiac notch
- subclavian art.
- aorta
How do the pulmonary veins of the lungs enter?
via hilium
What is the arterial supply of the lung? (RALS)
- right pulmonary art. = ant
- left pulmonary art. = sup
What is the bronchopulmonary segment?
where bronchi split with own arterial branch to supply a specific lung area
What is the flow of bronchis?
trachea -> primary bronchi -> secondary bronchi -> tertiary bronchi
