Shoulder Flashcards
What is the bony support of the shoulder?
pectoral girdle = clavicle + scapula
What is the arterial supply of the shoulder?
- branches of the axillary art. from the subclavian art.
- pectoral branches of thoracoacromial art.
What is the innervation of the shoulder?
branches of the brachial plexus
What are the branches of the axillary artery? (S.T.L.S.A.)
- superior thoracic art. (1st branch)
- thoracoacromial art. (2nd branch)
- lateral thoracic (2nd branch)
- subscapular (3rd branch)
- ant. and post. humeral circumflex (3rd branch)
What are the branches of the subclavian artery? (V.I.D.C.T.)
- vertebral art.
- internal thoracic art.
- thyrocervical trunk
- costocervical trunk
- dorsal scapular art.
What are the thoracoacromial branches of the axillary artery? (P.A.C.D)
- acromial
- clavicular
- deltoid
- pectoral
Where does the cephalic vein run through between the deltoid and pectoralis major?
deltopectoral groove
What does the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian art. split into?
suprascapluar and transverse cervical art.
What do the branches of the thoracoacromial art. form?
an anastomosis
What does the subscapular artery split into?
thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular
What are the arteries that supply the post. shoulder?
- dorsal scapular
- suprascapular
- scapular circumflex
- post. humeral circumflex
What are the superficial muscles of the shoulder?
- pectoralos major
- deltoid
- trapezius
- lat. dorsi
- subclavius
What are the deep muscles of the shoulder?
- pec. major
- coricobrachialis
- biceps brachii
- serr. ant.
- rhomboids major & minor
- levator scapulae
- teres major
What are the medial attachments of the pectoralis major?
- sternum
- medial 1/3 of clavicle
- costal cartilages of ribs 2-6
What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis major?
lateral ridge of intertubercular groove
What is the arterial supply of the pectoralis major?
pectoral branches of thoracoacromial art.
What is the innervation of the pectoralis major?
medial and lateral pectoral nerves
What vein separates the pectoralis major from the deltoid?
cephalic vein
What are the proximal attachments of the deltoid?
- lateral 1/3 of calvicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
What is the distal attachments of the deltoid?
deltoid tuberosity
What is the arterial supply of the deltoid?
deltoid branch of thoracoacromial art. and post. humeral circumfelx art.
What is the innervation of the deltoid?
axillary nerve from post. branch of brachial plexus
What are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?
- lateral: shaft of humerus
- medial: long head of triceps brachii
- superior: teres minor
- inferior: teres major
What 3 parts is the axillary artery divided into?
- medial pec. minor
- beneath pec. minor
- lateral to pec. minor
What runs through the quadrangular space?
- axillary nerve
- post. humeral circumflex art.
What is the proximal attachment of the pectoralis minor?
surfaces of ribs 3-5
What is the distal attachment of the pectoralis minor?
coracoid process
What is the arterial supply of the pectoralis minor?
pectoral branch from the thoracoacromial art.
What is the innervation of the pectoralis minor?
med. pectoral nerve from med. cord of brachial plexus
What is the proximal attachment of the serratus anterior?
lateral surface of ribs 1-8
What is the distal attachment of the serratus anterior?
vertebral border of scapula
What is arterial supply of the serratus anterior?
lat. thoracic art.
What is the innervation of the serratus anterior?
long thoracic nerve
What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
- subscapularis (ant. scapula)
- infraspinatus (post. scapula)
- teres minor (post scapula)
- supraspinatus (popst. scapula)
What is the arterial supply of the rotator cuff?
suprascapular art.
What is the innervation of the rotator cuff?
suprascapular nerve
What are the functions of the rotator cuff muscles?
- protect GH joint capsule
- provide stability for GH joint
- hold large head of humerus in shallow glenoid fossa
- act as primary movers for abduction and rotation
The deltoid and supraspinatus do what percentage of abduction?
- deltoid -> 90%
- supra. -> 10%
What rotator cuff muscle is commonly torn due to location and vascularity?
supraspinatus
What is the most common rotator cuff injury?
tendonitis caused by GH joint instability
What is brachial plexus (Erbs) palsy?
- weakness/paralysis as result of damage to brachial plexus during childbirth
- damage occurs to nerve roots C5& C6 -> ulnar is only nerve not affected
