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Anatomy > Gluteal Region Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Gluteal Region Posterior Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is the bony support of the thigh?

A

pelvic girdle= os coxae + sacrum

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2
Q

What are the 3 bones of the os coxae?

A
  • ilium
  • ischium
  • pubis
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3
Q

What passes through the greater sciatic foramen?

A
  • piriformis muscle
  • sciatic nerve
  • all nerves and arteries that originate within the pelvis and go tot gluteal region
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4
Q

What passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?

A
  • obturator internus muscle
  • where pudendal nerve leaves pelvis and enters perineal
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5
Q

What is the arterial supply of the gluteal region?

A

internal iliac art.

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6
Q

What are the branches of the internal iliac artery?

A

sup. & inf. gluteal art.

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7
Q

What are all somatic nerve plexuses formed by?

A

ventral primary rami

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8
Q

In the lumbosacral plexus, what nerves are related to intra-pelvic structures?

A

pelvic splanchnics (S2,3,4) -> pre-ganglionic parasympa.

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9
Q

In the lumbosacral plexus, what nerves are related to perineal structures?

A
  • genitofemoral (L1,2)
  • pudendal nerve (S2,3,4)
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10
Q

In the lumbosacral plexus, what nerves are related to gluteal region?

A
  • nerve to obturator internus
  • nerve to piriformis
  • sup. gluteal
  • inf. gluteal
  • nerve to quadratus femoris
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11
Q

In the lumbosacral plexus, what nerves are related to lower extremity?

A
  • lat. femoral cutaneous
  • femoral
  • obturator
  • sciatic
  • post. femoral cutaneous
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12
Q

What posterior thigh muscles attach to the ischial tuberosity?

A
  1. inf. gemellus
  2. quadratus femoris
  3. semi-tendinosus
  4. semi-membranosus
  5. biceps femoris
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13
Q

What is the lagest/heaviest bone that is difficult to fracture?

A

femur

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13
Q

What attaches to the ishcial spine?

A

sup. gemellus

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14
Q

What is the proximal & distal attachment of the tensor fascia lata?

A
  • prox: ASIS
  • distal: iliotibial band
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15
Q

What is the innervation of the tensor fascia lata?

A

sup. gluteal n.

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16
Q

What does the sacrospinous ligament attach to?

A

sacrum -> ischial spine

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17
Q

What does the femur articulate with?

A

acetabulum (hip joint)

18
Q

What does the sacrotuberous ligament attach to?

A

sacrum -> ischial tuberosity

19
Q

What muscles does the superior gluteal artery supply?

A
  • gluteus maximus
  • gluteus medius
  • gluteus minimus
20
Q

What muscles does the inferior gluteal artery supply?

A
  • gluteus maximus
  • piriformis
  • obturator internus
  • quadratus femoris
21
Q

What are the dorsal primary rami branches of the sensory innervation of the gluteal region?

A
  • sup. cluneal nerve
  • middle cluneal nerve
  • inf. cluneal nerve
22
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the gluteus maximus?

A
  • iliac crest
  • post. gluteal line
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
  • sacrotuberous ligament
23
Q

What are the distal atatchemnts of the gluteus maximus?

A
  • iliotibial band
  • gluteal tuberosity
24
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of gluteus medius?

A
  • prox: ant. sup. gluteal line
  • distal: greater trochanter
25
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of gluteus minimus?

A
  • prox: ant. inf. gluteal line
  • distal: greater trochanter
26
Q

What is the trendelenburg gait?

A
  • damage to sup. gluteal nerve
  • causes hip drop on the contralateral side
27
Q

What is inferior gluteal nerve palsy?

A
  • damage to inf. gluteal nerve
  • gluteus maximus is affected
28
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the piriformis?

A
  • prox: ant. sacrum
  • distal: great trochanter
29
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the obturator internus?

A
  • prox: lat. hip bone, obturator membrane
  • distal: greater trochanter
30
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the quadratus femoris?

A
  • prox: ischial tuberosity
  • distal: intertrochanteric femoris
31
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the superior gemellus?

A
  • prox: ischial spine
  • distal: greater trochanter
32
Q

What are the proximal and distal attachments of the inferior gemullus?

A
  • prox: ischial tuberosity
  • distal: greater trochanter
33
Q

What does the nerve to obturator internus innervate?

A
  • obturator internus
  • sup. gemellus
34
Q

What does the nerve to quadratus femoris innervate?

A
  • quadratus femoris
  • inf. gemellus
35
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior thigh?

A
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
  • biceps femoris
36
Q

What is the arterial supply of the posterior thigh ?

A

external iliac art. -> deep femoral art.

37
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior thigh?

A

lumbosacral plexus -> sciatic n.

38
Q

What is the proximal and distal attachments of the semimembranosus?

A
  • prox: ischial tuberosity
  • distal: medial condyle
39
Q

What is the proximal and distal attachments of the semitendinosus?

A
  • prox: ischial tuberosity
  • distal: proximal tibia shaft
40
Q

What is the proximal and distal attachments of the biceps femoris?

A
  • prox: long head -> ischial tuberosity; short head -> linea aspera
  • distal: prox. fibula
41
Q

What are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A
  • sup.: medial = semimembranosus + semitendinosus; lateral= biceps femoris
  • inf: gastrocnemius
42
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A
  • superficial: sciatic n -> tibial + fibular
  • intermediate: popliteal vein
  • deep: popliteal art.
  • saphenous v.
  • geniculate art.
  • sural n.

Anatomy (23 decks)

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