Antebrachium & Elbow Flashcards
What is the bony support of the forearm?
ulna and radius
What is the arterial supply of the forearm?
- radial art.
- ulnar art > ant. interosseus
What compartment do the radial and median nerves innervate?
- radial -> post.
- median -> ant.
What are the branches of the ulnar nerve?
common interosseous art. > ant. interosseous art. & post. interosseous art.
What is the arterial supply of the posterior forearm?
post. interosseus
Where are the extensors and flexors of the wrist and fingers located?
- extensors -> post.
- flexors -> ant.
What do the flexors run through?
flexor retinaculum
What are the 2 exceptions of the anterior forearm that are innervated by the ulnar nerve?
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- flexor digitorum profundus
What muscles are the flexors of the forearm?
- flexor carpi radialis
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
- flexor digitorum superficialis
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pollicis longus
What is the proximal attachment of flexor carpi radialis?
medial epicondyle
Which flexor muscles are superficial?
- pronator teres
- flexor carpi radialis
- palmaris longus
- flexor carpi ulnaris
What is the distal attachment of flexor carpi radialis?
base of 2nd + 3rd metacarpal
Which flexor muscles are deep?
- flexor pollicis longus
- flexor digitorum profundus
- pronator quadratus
What is the proximal attachment of flexor carpi ulnaris?
medial epicondyle
Which flexor muscle is intermediate?
flexor digitorum superficialis
What are the distal attachments of flexor carpi ulnaris?
- pisiform
- hamate
- 5th metacarpal
What 2 bones are carpal bones?
pisiform and hamate
What is the proximal attachment of palmaris longus?
medial epicondyle
What is the distal attachment of palmaris longus?
palmar aponeurosis
In the anterior forearm, what are the pronators?
- pronator teres
- pronator quadratus
What is the proximal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis?
- medial epicondyle
- proximal ulna
- ant. radius
What are the proximal attachments for the pronator teres?
- medial epicondyle
- coronoid procees
What is the distal attachment of flexor digitorum superficialis?
sides of 2nd-5th mid-phalanges
What is the distal attachment of pronator teres?
mid-shaft of radius
What is the distal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus?
2nd-5th distal phalanges
What is the distal attachment of pronator quadratus?
distal radius
In the postior forearm, what are the supinators?
- supinator
- biceps
What is the proximal attachment of pronator quadratus?
distal ulna
What is the proximal attachment of flexor digitorum profundus?
- ant. ulna
- interosseous membrane
What are the extensors of the wrist, superficially?
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi ulnaris
What are the proximal attachments of flexor pollicis longus?
- distal radius
- interosseuous membrane
What are the enxtensors of the digits, superficially?
- extensor digitorum
- extensor digiti minimi
What is the distal attachment of flexor pollicis longus?
base of distal phalanx of thumb
What two muscles create the anatomical snuff box?
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
What are the extensors of the thumb, superficially?
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
What tendons and ligaments are apart of the elbow joint?
- joint capsule
- radial collateral ligament
- ulnar collateral ligament
- annular ligament
- biceps tendon
What are the 3 elbow joints?
- humeroulnar
- humeroradial
- proximal radioulnar
What are the proximal attachments of pronator teres?
- medial epicondyle
- coronoid process
What is the proximal attachment of pronator teres?
mid-shaft of radius
What is the proximal attachment of pronator quadratus?
distal ulna
What is the distal attachment of pronator quadratus?
distal radius
What are the proximal attachments of abductor pollicis longus?
- 1/2 radius ulna
- interosseous membrane
What is the distal attachment of abductor pollicis longus?
trapezium
What are the proximal attachments of supinator?
- lat. epicondyle
- proximal ulna
What is the distal attachment of supinator?
proximal 3rd of radius
What 2 supinators attach to the radius?
biceos and brachioradialis
What extensors are superficial muscles?
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- extensor carpi ulnaris
- extensor digitorum
- extensor digiti minimi
What extensors are deep muscles?
- extensor indicis
- abductor pollicis longus
- extensor pollicis brevis
- extensor pollicis longus
- supinator
What travels under the flexor retinaculum?
- tendons to all flexor muscles
- median n.
What travels over the flexor retinaculum?
- ulnar a. & ulnar n.
- radial a. & radial n.
What does not travel through the flexor retinaculum?
palmaris longus
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis longus?
- prox: lat. supracondylar ridge
- distal: base 2nd metacarpal
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
- prox: lat. epicondyle
- distal: base of 3rd metacarpal
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
- prox: lat. epicondyle, post. border of ulna
- distal: base of 5th metacarpal
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor digitorum?
- prox: lat. epicondyle
- distal: mid -> distal 2nd-5th phalanges
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor indicis?
- prox: distal 1/3 ulna, interosseous membrane
- distal: base of 2nd metacarpal
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor digiti minimi?
- prox: lat. epicondyle
- distal: mid -> distal 5th phalange
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor pollicis longus?
- prox: mid 1/3 ulna, interosseous membrane
- distal: base of distal phalanx of thumb
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the extensor pollicis brevis?
- prox: distal 1/3 radius, interosseous membrane
- distal: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
What is the proximal and distal attachment of the abductor pollicis longus?
- prox: 1/2 radius-ulna, interosseous membrane
- distal: trapezium
