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Anatomy > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What are the superior attachments of the quadratus lumborum?

A
  • supero-medial border of rib 12
  • lumbar transverse processes
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2
Q

What are the inferior attachments of the quadratus lumborum?

A
  • iliolumbar ligament
  • internal lip of iliac crest
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3
Q

What is the innervation of the quadratus lumborum?

A

ventral primary rami (T12-L4)

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4
Q

What are the superior attachments of the psoas major & minor?

A

vertebrae + intervertebral discs of T12-L5

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5
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the psoas major & minor?

A

lesser trochanter

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the psoas major & minor?

A

ventral primary rami (L1-3)

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7
Q

What is the superior attachment of the iliacus?

A

superior 2/3 iliac fossa

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8
Q

What is the inferior attachment of the iliacus?

A

lesser trochanter

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9
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus?

A

femoral n

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10
Q

What are the 3 portions of the diaphragm?

A
  • Sternal portion = post. surface of xiphoid process
  • Costal portion = inner costal cartilage & arcuate ligaments
  • Lumbar portion = right + left crura (tendons)
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11
Q

What are the opening in the diaphragm?

A
  • IVC (& phrenic n.) -> T8
  • Esophagus (& vagus n.) -> T10
  • Aorta -> T12
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12
Q

Where do the medial & lateral arcuate ligaments pass?

A
  • med: passes over psoas major
  • lat: passes over quadratus lumborum
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13
Q

What are the right & left crura?

A
  • right: wraps around esophageal hiatus (to act as esophageal sphincter)
  • left crus: wraps around aortic hiatus
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14
Q

In the diaphragm, what are the characteristics of the sympathetic trunk?

A
  • from thoracolumbar region
  • ganglia located along either side of the spine
  • provides “fight or flight” response
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15
Q

In the diaphragm, what are the characteristics of the parasympathetic trunk?

A
  • from craniosacral region
  • ganglia located in organs + tissues
  • provides “rest & digest” response
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16
Q

In the diaphragm, what does each nerve contain?

A

afferent + efferent nerve fibers

17
Q

What fibers does sensory innervation involve?

A

afferent -> conduct signals from stimuli to brain

18
Q

What fibers does motor innervation involve?

A

efferent -> conduct signals from brain to muscle

19
Q

How can diaphragm pain be felt as shoulder pain?

A

because of innervation by the phrenic nerve

20
Q

How is a hiatal hernia formed?

A

weak esophageal sphincter= right crus

21
Q

What is the arterial supply of the thoracic surface of the diaphragm?

A
  • Pericardiophrenic arteries
  • Musculophrenic arterial brs.
  • Superior phrenic arteries [off thoracic aorta]
22
Q

What is the arterial supply of the abdominal surface of the diaphragm?

A
  • Inferior phrenic arteries
  • 1st pair of arteries off abdominal aorta
23
Q

What is the innervation of the posterior abdominal wall? (S.I.I.G.L.F.O.A.L.)

A
  • Subcostal n. = travels post. to kidneys
  • Iliohypogastric n. = travels post. to kidneys
  • Ilioinguinal n.= travels post. to kidneys
  • Genitofemoral n. = anterior to psoas major m.
  • Lateral Cutaneous n.
  • Femoral n. = lateral to psoas major m.
  • Obturator n. = medial to psoas major m.
  • Accessory Obturator n.
  • Lumbosacral Trunk
24
Q

What are the branches off the abdominal aorta for the arterial supply of the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • celiac trunk -> common hepatic a., splenic a., left gastric a.
  • sup mesenteric a.
  • inf. mesenteric a.
25
Q

What are the paired arteries off the abdominal aorta?

A
  • inf. phrenic a.
  • renal + suprarenal a.
  • gonadal a.
26
Q

What is the flow of arterial supply in the posterior abdominal wall?

A

aorta -> commin iliac -> ext + int iliac

27
Q

What are the paired veins off the IVC?

A

renal & gonadal

28
Q

What is the venous drainage on the right side of the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • Right renal vein -> IVC
  • Right testicular vein -> IVC
29
Q

What is the venous drainage on the left side of the posterior abdominal wall?

A
  • Left renal vein -> IVC
  • Left testicular vein -> left renal vein -> IVC
30
Q

What is the posterior surface of the kidneys?

A

posterior abdominal wall

31
Q

What is the anterior surface of the kidneys?

A

parietal peritoneum

32
Q

What nerves pass diagonally & laterally posterior to the kidney?

A
  • Subcostal n.
  • Iliohypogastric n.
  • Ilioinguinal n.
33
Q

What is the arterial supply of the kidneys?

A

right + left renal art.

34
Q

What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?

A

right + left renal veins

35
Q

What is the kidney ureter?

A
  • vessel that carries urine from kidneys to bladder
  • travels OVER the external iliac vessels
  • travels UNDER the vas deferens (male) or uterine arteries (female)
36
Q

What type of organ is the kidney?

A

retroperitoneal = covered by peritoneum on one side

37
Q

Where is the right adrenal gland of the kidneys located?

A

located behind bare area of the liver

38
Q

Where is the left adrenal gland of the kidneys located?

A

located facing the omental bursa

Anatomy (23 decks)

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