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Anatomy > Leg, Ankle, and Foot > Flashcards

Leg, Ankle, and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

What is the bony support of the leg?

A

tibia (medial) & fibula (lateral)

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2
Q

What connects the tibia and fibula?

A

interosseous membrane

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3
Q

What muscles attach to the tibia?

A
  • tibialis ant. & post.
  • extensor digi longus
  • flexor digi longus
  • soleus
  • popliteus
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4
Q

What muscles attach to the fibula?

A
  • tibialis post.
  • fibularis tertisu, longus, brevis
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • soleus
  • flexor hallucis longus
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5
Q

What is the innervation and arterial supply of the anterior leg (extensors)?

A
  • ant. tibial art.
  • deep fibular n.
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6
Q

What is the innervation and arterial supply of the posterior leg (felxors)?

A
  • superficial: fibular art & tibial n.
  • deep: post. tibial art. & tibial n.
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7
Q

What is the innervation and arterial supply of the lateral leg (eversion)?

A
  • branches of fibular art.
  • superficial fibular n.
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8
Q

What muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A
  • tibialis ant.
  • extensor digitorum longus
  • extensor hallucis longus
  • fibularis tertitus
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9
Q

What is the action of the muscles in the anterior compartment?

A

extensors -> dorsi flexion

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10
Q

What muscles are in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A
  • superficial: gastrocnemius, plantaris, soleus
  • deep: popliteus, tibialis post., flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
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11
Q

What is the action of the muscles in the posterior compartment?

A

flexors -> plantar flexion

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12
Q

What muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A
  • fibularis longus
  • fibularis brevis
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13
Q

What is the action of the muscles in the lateral compartment?

A

eversion

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14
Q

What is anterior leg compartment syndrome?

A
  • unable to dorsi-flex which results in “foot drop”
  • common fibular n. affected
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15
Q

What is the medial tendinous support of the knee? (S.S.G.)

A
  • ant: sartorius
  • med: gracilis
  • post: semitendinosus
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16
Q

What is the lateral tendinous support of the knee?

A
  • ioliotibial band
  • biceps femoris
17
Q

What is the anterior tendinous support of the knee?

A
  • quadriceps femoris
  • patellar ligament
18
Q

What are the collateral ligaments of the knee?

A
  • medial collateral -> attaches directly to joint capsule
  • lateral collateral -> has gap b/w joint capsule
19
Q

What is known as the terrible triad?

A

tear ACL + medial meniscus + medial collateral ligament

20
Q

What is the arterial supply and innervation of the knee?

A
  • popliteal art. -> geniculate art.
  • tibial n.
21
Q

What forms the heel in the foot?

A

calcaneus

22
Q

What are the tarsal bones in the foot?

A
  • navicular
  • cuneiform (med., inter., lat.)
  • cuboid
23
Q

What is the arterial supply of the foot?

A
  • ant. tibial art. -> dorsalis pedis art.
  • post. tibial art. -> plantar art.
24
Q

What is the innervation of the foot?

A
  • tibial n. -> plantar n.
  • common fibular n. -> super. fibular n. & deep fibular n.
25
Q

What is the action of the flexors in the posterior leg?

A

plantar-flexion of the foot

26
Q

What is the order of things that pass the medial malleolus? (T.D.A.V.N.H.)

A
  1. tibialis post.
  2. flexor digitorum longus
  3. tibial art.
  4. tibial vein
  5. tibial n.
  6. flexor hallucis longus
27
Q

What extensor muscles pass under the retinaculum in the foot? (T.D.H.)

A
  • tibialis ant.
  • extensor digitorum longus
  • extensor hallucis longus
28
Q

What is the action of the extensor muscles in the foot?

A

dorsi-flexion

29
Q

What are the evertor muscles that pass the lateral malleolus?

A
  • fibularis longus
  • fibularis brevis
30
Q

What is the action of the evertor muscles in the foot?

A

eversion

31
Q

What is the most common injury in the ankle?

A

forced inversion

32
Q

What are the 2 joint muscles of the lower limb that aid in hip extension & knee flexion?

A
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembrinosus
  • biceps
33
Q

What is the 2 joint muscle of the lower limb that aid in knee extension & hip flexion?

A

rectus femoris

34
Q

What is the 2 joint muscle of the lower limb that aid in hip adduction & knee flexion?

A

gracilis

35
Q

What is the 2 joint muscle of the lower limb that aid in ankle plantar flexion & knee flexion?

A

gastrocneumius

36
Q

What are the muscles that are extrinsic and go into the foot?

A
  • tibialis ant. & post.
  • ext. holli. longus
  • inf. exten. retin.
  • flex. hallu. longus
  • post. tibial art. & n.
  • flex. digi. llongus

Anatomy (23 decks)

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