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Anatomy > Deep Neck > Flashcards

Deep Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of longus coli in the deep neck?

A
  • location: ant. to cervical vertebrae
  • inn: C2-6
  • action: flex & rotate neck
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2
Q

What are the prevertebral muscles of the deep neck?

A
  • rectus capitis ant. & lat.
  • longus capitis
  • longus colli
  • ant., middle, & post. scalene muscles
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3
Q

What are the characteristics of longus capitis in the deep neck?

A
  • location: occipital bone
  • inn: C1-3
  • action: flex the head
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4
Q

What are the characteristics of rectus capitis anterior & lateralis in the deep neck?

A
  • location: occipital bone
  • inn: C1-2
  • action: flex the head
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of the anterior scalene?

A
  • location: transverse processes -> rib 1
  • inn: C4-6
  • action: flex head & neck
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of the middle scalene?

A
  • location: post. tubercle -> rib 1
  • no inn
  • action: flex head & neck; elevate ribs
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of the posterior scalene?

A
  • location: post. tubercle -> rib 2
  • no inn
  • action: flex head & neck; elevate ribs
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8
Q

What are the boundaries of the scalene triangle?

A
  • ant: ant. scalene
  • post: post. scalene
  • base: 1st rib
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9
Q

What are the contents of the scalene triangle?

A
  • phrenic nerve
  • roots of brachial plexus
  • subclavian art
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10
Q

Wha are the arteries of the deep neck?

A
  • vertebral -> supplies medulla + cerebellum + spinal cord
  • internal thoracic -> passes inf to thorax
  • thyrocervical
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11
Q

What are the 4 branches/arteries of the thyrocervical trunk in the deep neck?

A
  • inf thyroid -> supplies thyroid + esophagus + larynx + trachea + neck muscles + parathyroid glands
  • ascending cervical -> lat neck muscles + intervert. foramen
  • suprascapular -> shoulder region + SCM
  • transverse cervical (dorsal scapular)
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12
Q

What are the 2 laryngeal nerves of the vagus nerve in the parasympathetic innervation of the deep neck?

A
  • right recurrent -> loops inf to right subclavian art @ T1-2
  • left recurrent -> loops inf to aortic arch @ T4-5
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13
Q

What sheath does the vagus nerve run through?

A

carotid

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14
Q

What are the characteristics of the phrenic nerve in the sympathetic innervation of the deep neck?

A
  • starts lat to ant. scalene m. & then descends ant. to ant. scalene
  • located between subclavian art. & v.
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15
Q

What are the characteristics of the sympathetic trunk in the sympathetic innervation of the deep neck?

A
  • cervical plexus of nerves
  • sup., middle, & inf ganglis
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16
Q

What is the most anterior structure of the viscera?

A

thyroid gland

17
Q

What type of material can be found in the foramen cecum in the viscera?

A

thyroid material

18
Q

What are the 4 glands of the parathyroid gland?

A
  • right sup & inf glands
  • left sup & inf glands

post to thyroid

19
Q

What is the arterial supply of the viscera of the deep neck?

A
  • sup. thyroid art -> off ext. carotid art.
  • inf. thyroid art -> off thyrocervical trunk
20
Q

What is the venous drainage, innervation, & lymphatics of the viscera of the deep neck?

A
  • venous drainage: thyroid plexus
  • inn: cervical ganglia -> vasomotor fibers
  • lymphatics: prelaryngeal + pre/para lymph nodes
21
Q

What is the larynx composed of?

A

cartilage & muscle

22
Q

Where does the anterior vocal fold attach to?

A

laryngeal cartilage

23
Q

Where does the posterior vocal fold attach to?

A

laryngeal muscle (arytenoids)

24
Q

What are the laryngeal muscles & their actions?

A
  • lat cricoarytenoid= adductor -> close vocal cords
  • post. cricoarytenoid= abductor -> open vocal folds
  • thyroarytenoid= relax vocal cords -> decrease pitch & length
  • cricothyroid= tense vocal folds -> increase pitch & length
  • oblique arytenoid= approximate vocal folds
  • transverse arytenoid= approximate vocal folds
25
Q

What muscles bring vocal cords together for phonation?

A
  • lat. cricoarytenoids
  • transverse arytenoid
  • oblique arytenoids
26
Q

What muscle separates vocal folds?

A

post. cricoarytenoids

27
Q

What is the innervation of the larynx?

A
  • sup laryngeal -> innervates cricothyroid
  • inf laryngeal -> innervates all laryngeal muscles EXCEPT cricothyroid

CN 10

28
Q

What is the arterial supply of the larynx?

A
  • ext carotid art. -> sup thyroid -> sup laryngeal & cricothyroid arts
  • thyrocervical trunk -> inf thyroid -> inf. laryngeal art
29
Q

What are the 3 regions of the pharynx?

A
  • nasopharynx -> contains small palate
  • oropharynx -> contains uvula, sup + mid pharyngeal constrictor, epiglottis
  • laryngopharynx -> contains inf pharyngeal constrictor
30
Q

What nerve innervates the pharyngeal contrictor muscles?

A

vagus nerve

31
Q

What are the proximal & distal attachments of the superior pharyngeal contrictor?

A
  • prox: pterygoid hamulus & pterygomandibular rpahe
  • distal: post midline pharyngeal raphe & occipital bone
32
Q

What are the proximal & distal attachments of the middle pharyngeal contrictor?

A
  • proxi: styloid lig & hyoid bone
  • distal: pharyngeal raphe
33
Q

What are the proximal & distal attachments of the inferior pharyngeal contrictor?

A
  • prox: thyroid cartilage & cricoid cartilage
  • distal: pharyngo-esophageal junction
34
Q

What is a tracheosectomy?

A

performed between the 2nd & 4th tracheal rings

35
Q

What is the proximal attachment & innervation of the stylopharyngeus?

A
  • prox: stylodi process
  • inn: glossopharyngeal
36
Q

What is the proximal attachment & innervation of the salpingopharyngeus?

A
  • prox: pharyngotympanis tube
  • inn: vagus nerve
37
Q

What is the proximal attachment & innervation of the palatopharyngeus?

A
  • prox: hard palate
  • inn: vagus nerve

Anatomy (23 decks)

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