The Anatomy Of The heart

Question 1

What is the anatomical postion of the heart?

Answer 1

In the middle mediastinum of the thorax

Question 2

What are the antomical borders of the heart?

Answer 2

Anterior is the right ventricle, posterior is the left artium, inferior is the left atriu.

Question 3

What are the two sinuses found in the heart?

Answer 3

The oblique pericardial sinus, and the tranverse pericardial sinus

Question 4

What are is the clincial significance of the tranverse pericarcial sinus?

Answer 4

Can be used to locate the coronary vessels for ligation, and in dissection of the heart

Question 5

Where are the left and right cornary ateries dervived from?

Answer 5

The aortic sinuses

Question 6

What does the left cornary artery give rise to?

Answer 6

The left anterior descening artery which branches to become the left marginal and circumflex

Question 7

What are the main cardiac veins?

Answer 7

The small and great cardiac veins, there is also a left marginal vein, a left posterior ventricular vein, and a left posterior ventricular vein.

Question 8

What leads would you see St elevation in a occluded left anterior descending artery and what area of the heart would be affected?

Answer 8

V3 and V4 for a distal lad, and V1 and V2 for the LAD, and the distal lad the anterior apical area would be affected, whereas in LAD the anterioseptal areas would be affected

Question 9

If the circumflex artery would occluded, what leads would you see changes in and what area of the heart would be affected?

Answer 9

I, aVL and V5 and V6, and this would affect the anteriro lateral part of the heart.

Question 10

Where would you see chanes in the ECG if the RCA was affected?

Answer 10

II, III and aVF, and this would affect the anterior surface of the heart

Question 11

If the myocardial infaraction was true posterior, what would you see on a ECG adn what ateries would be affected?

Answer 11

The RCA would be affected and you would see a tall R wave in V1

Question 12

What areas of the heart does the RCA supply?

Answer 12

The right artisum, the SA and AV nodes, and the posterior part of the interventricular septum

Question 13

Where does the left cornary artery supply?

Answer 13

Left artiium, left venticle and the IVS and the AV bundles, and these are supplied by the great cardiac vein

Question 14

Where does the left anterior descending artery supply?

Answer 14

The right ventricle, the left ventricle, and the anterior 2/3 of the IVs.

Question 15

Name some of the anatomical features of the right atrium.

Answer 15

The right auricle, which acts to increase the space for blood flow, and is divided into two parts b the crista terminales, the sinus veourous and the muscular artia proper

Question 16

What are some of the features of the interatrial septum?

Answer 16

The fossa ovalis, which is a remnant of the embroyonic foramen ovale, which closes when the infant takes their first breath

Question 17

What are some of the antomical features of the right ventricle?

Answer 17

The inflow portion contains ridges, which are known as the traebeculae carnae, and the papillary muscles which help to hold the ventricles closed at certain points in the cardiac cycle.
The outflow prortion is smooth walled, and is dervided from the emboryonic bulbus cordis.

Question 18

What are some of the features of the left ventricle?

Answer 18

The walls in the inflow portion are lined with traebeculae carnae, and there are two papillary muscles found within the ventricle

Question 19

What are the four features of tetrology of fallout?

Answer 19

Ventricular septal defect, an over riding aorta, pulmonary valve stenosis, and right ventricular hypertrophy.