Tetrarchy, Constantine, And The Fall of The West Flashcards
How long did Diocletian reign for?
284-305 A.D
When did Diocletian begin his reign?
284 A.D.
Diocletian was a peasant from what part of Illyricum?
Dalmatia
Diocletian’s reign marks the end of what era?
Era of the Barrack Emperors
In what year did Diocletian split the Roman Empire into a tetrachy (a four person rule, a ruler for each of the four new sections)?
293 A.D.
Two of the leaders in the Tetrachy would hold a traditional imperial title, while another two would hold a different traditional imperial title. What were these two titles?
two of them holding the title of Augustus, two of them holding the title of Caesar
Who were the original tetrachs?
Diocletian, Galerius, Maximian, and Constantius Chlorus (father of Constantine the Great)
What was Diocletian’s capital?
Nicomedia
What was Galerius’s capital?
Sirmium
What was Maximian’s capital?
Mediolanum
What was Constantius Chlorus’s capital?
Augustus Treverorum
Who was Augustus in the East?
Diocletian
Who was Augustus’s Caesar in the East?
Galerius
Who was the last emperor to sack Ctesiphon?
Galerius
Who did Galerius fight against?
Parthia
What king did Galerius defeat in order for him to sack Ctesiphon
King Narses
In what year did Galerius sack Ctesiphon?
297 A.D.
Who was Augustus in the West?
Maximian
In what year did Maximian became Augustus in the West?
286 A.D.
Who was Maximian’s Caesar in the West?
Constantius Chlorus
Who declared themselves emperor in Britain from 287-293 A.D?
M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius
From what years did M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius declare himself emperor of Britain?
287-293 A.D.
Who replaced M. Aurelius Mausaeus Carausius as emperor in Britain?
Allectus
When was Allectus made emperor in Britain?
293 A.D.
In what year did Constantius Chlorus defeat Allectus, restoring Britain?
296 A.D.
Diocletian dealt with what uprising against his rule in Egypt (296-7 A.D.)?
Domitius Domitianus and Aurelius Achilleus
In what years did the uprising of Domitius Domitianus and Aurelius Achilleus take place?
296-7 A.D.
Who was Diocletian’s patron god?
Jove (Jupiter)
Who was Maximian’s patron god?
Hercules
What edict did Diocletian establish in 301 A.D.?
Edict On Maximum Prices
When did Diocletian establish his Edict On Maximum Prices?
301 A.D.
What baths did Diocletian establish?
Baths of Diocletian
Diocletian is known for his prosecution of what group?
Christians
When did Diocletian and Maximian jointly abdicate from the throne?
May 1st, 305 A.D.
Where did Diocletian retire to?
Salona (Split), modern-day Croatia
Who abdicated from the throne jointly with Diocletian?
Maximian
How long was Constantius Chlorus Augustus in the West after the resignation of Maximian?
305-306 A.D.
Who became Augustus in the West after the resignation of Maximian?
Constantius Chlorus Augustus
How long did Galerius reign as Augustus in the East after the abdication of Diocletian?
305-311 A.D.
Who became Augustus in the East after Diocletian abdicated from the throne?
Galerius
Who passed the Edict of Toleration in 311 A.D. on their deathbed?
Galerius
When was the Edict of Toleration established?
311 A.D.
What did the Edict of Toleration end?
Prosecution of Christians
What happened when Maximian tired to reclaim the throne?
Tries to regain throne with and from son Maxentius and also against Constantine, who forces his (Maximian’s) suicide in 310
How long did Maxentius rule as Caesar in the West?
306-312 A.D.
Maxentius was the son of whom?
Maximian
Who opposed Maxentius coming to the throne as Caesar?
Constantine and Severus II
Who made Maxentius Caesar in the West after the death of Severus the Second in 307 A.D.?
His father Maximian
Who was made Augustus in west by Galerius to oppose Maxentius?
Licinius
Licinius was Augustus in the west for how long?
308-311 A.D.
After the death of whom was Licinius made Augustus in the east?
Galerius
When did Galerius die?
311 A.D.
How long was Licinius Augustus in the east?
311 A.D.- 313 A.D.
Who did Licinius defeated to become sole emperor of the empire in 313 A.D.?
Maximinus Daia
When was Licinius made sole emperor?
313 A.D.
Licinius’s sole office of emperor last how long for him?
313-323 A.D.
Constantine the First is also commonly know as whom?
Constantine The Great
How long did Constantine rule for?
306-337 A.D.
When did Constantine the Great begin his reign?
306 A.D.
Who were the parents of Constantine the Great?
Constantius Chlorus and Helena
Upon who’s death was Constantine the Great made emperor?
Constantius Chlorus’s, his father’s
Where was Constantine the Great first proclaimed emperor in 306 B.C.?
Eboracum (York)
What emperor, famous for his successful action against the Goths, is Constantine the Great proclaimed to be a descendant of?
Claudius Gothicus
When did Constantine the Great defeat Maxentius (son of Maximian)?
Milvian Bridge in 312 A.D.
In what year did Constantine the Great defeat Maxentius (son of Maximian)?
312 A.D.
Who did Constantine the Great defeat at Milvian Bridge in 312 A.D.?
Maxentius (son of Maximian)
Describe the vision Constantine the Great had before the battle at Milvian Bridge?
Sometime before the battle, legend has it he looked up to the sun and saw a cross of light above it, and with it the Greek words “Εν Τούτῳ Νίκα”, En toutō níka, usually translated into Latin as “in hoc signo vinces,” both phrases have the literal meaning “In this sign, you shall conquer;”
What words did Constantine the Great see on the cross in his vision?
“Εν Τούτῳ Νίκα”, En toutō níka, usually translated into Latin as “in hoc signo vinces,” both phrases have the literal meaning “In this sign, you shall conquer;”
After the battle at the Mivian Bridge, what part of the empire did Constantine the Great rule?
full control of the west
After the battle at the Mivian Bridge, what part of the empire did Licinius rule?
control of the east
In what year did Constantine the Great defeat Licinius, and become sole emperor of the empire?
324 A.D. at Adrianople and ultimately at Chrysopolis
In what battle was Licinius ultimately defeated?
Chrysopolis
In what battles were Licinius defeated by Constantine the Great?
324 A.D. at Adrianople and ultimately at Chrysopolis
What edict did Constantine the Great issue, legalizing Christianity throughout the Empire in 313 A.D.?
Edict of Milan
In what year was the Edict of Milan passed?
313 A.D.
What did the Edict of Milan do?
legalized Christianity throughout the Empire
In what year was the council of Nicaea held?
325 A.D.
The council of Nicaea resolved what controversy?
Arian controversy
Arians believes that Jesus was not God, instead he was what?
Subordinate to God, rather than equal to the Holy Ghost and God the Father
Who was an Arian?
Arius of Alexandria
Who opposed Arian?
Athanasius of Alexandria
The Council of Nicaea decided who was wrong?
Arius
What came out of the Council of Nicaea?
The Nicene Creed (Apostles’ Creed)
Who was Constantine the Great’s eldest son by his first wife, Minervina?
Crispus
Who was Minervina?
Constantine the Great’s first wife?
