Julio-Claudian Dynasty Flashcards
How long did the Julio-Claudian Dynasty last?
27 B.C.-68 A.D.
Where and when was Octavian born?
Born in 63 B.C. in Rome
Who were Octavian’s biological parents?
Gaius Octavius and Atia
What three feats allowed Augustus to celebrate a triple triumph in 29 B.C.?
The conquest of Illyricum, the victory
at Actium, and the annexation of Egypt
Which senator proposed the name “Augustus” for Octavian in 27 B.C., marking the beginning of the empire?
Munatius Plancus
In what year was the empire founded?
27 B.C.
What powers did Augustus gain with his new title?
The power of tribunicia potestas and maius proconsulare imperium
Who established the Principate?
Augustus
What does princeps senatus / princeps civitatis mean?
first amongst the senators/ first amongst the citizens
In what year did Octavian annex Egypt?
29 B.C.
Who annexed Egypt in 29 B.C.?
Octavian
Whose death (13 B.C.) led Augustus to become pontifex maximus in 12 B.C.?
Lepidus (the former triumvir)
Who was bestowed the title “pater patriae” (father of the fatherland) by the senate in 2 B.C.?
Augustus
In what year did Augustus earn the title “pater patriae”?
2 B.C.
From what years did Marcus Agrippa campaign in Spain?
26 B.C. to 19 B.C.
Campaigning along the Danube, what set of brothers helped to defeat the Pannonian and Illyrian Bato (there were two of them) and Maroboduus of the Marcomanni?
Tiberius and Drusus the Elder
What revolt occurred in 23 B.C.?
Revolt of Caepio & Murena
When and how did Tiberius’s brother, Drusus the Elder, die?
Drusus the Elder fell off his horse and died in 9 B.C
What debacle for the Romans occurred in 9 A.D.?
Teutoberg Forest
How many legions were lost at Teutoberg Forest?
3 legions
Who was the commander at Teutoberg Forest?
Quinctilius Varus
Who defeated the Romans at Teutoberg Forest?
Arminius (Herman the German) of the Cherusci
Who was given command in Germany in 12 A.D.?
Germanicus was given “chief command” in 12 A.D. (he primarily, and maybe Tiberius made retaliatory raids into Germany)
Who established the praetorian guard?
Augustus
Whose private fire-brigade inspired Augustus to establish a praefectus vigilum
with 3500 firemen, in 26 B.C.?
Egnatius Rufus, an ambitious aedile
What office did Augustus make to help with grain supply and distribution?
praefectus annonae, in charge of the grain supply
Who was the first to hold the office of praefectus annonae, instructor of the grain supply?
Gaius Turranius, a governor of Egypt
What famous quote did Augustus say when reflecting on his reign as empire?
“I found Rome a city of brick, left it a city of Marble”
What forum did Augustus build?
the Forum of Augustus
A temple to whom was in the Forum of Augustus?
Had Temple to Mars Ultor
Who– former commander under Augustus at Actium– is credited with building the first PERMANENT amphitheater?
T. Statilius Taurus
What four major constructions did Marcus Agrippa build?
Pantheon, Baths of Agrippa, Aqua Virgo, and Aqua Julia
How many different wives did Augustus have over the course of his life?
Three
What are the names of Augustus’s wives?
– Claudia, Scribonia (2nd), with whom he had Julia,
and then Livia (3rd), mother of Tiberius (but not by Augustus)
Who is the mother of Julia?
Scribonia
Who is the mother of Tiberius?
Livia
Believing death was near, in 23 B.C., who did Augustus give his signet ring to?
Agrippa
To whom did Augustus originally betroth and marry Julia to?
C. Claudius Marcellus (famous for the theater) – Marcellus died shortly thereafter
How many kids did Agrippa and Julia have together?
Five kids
Where was Julia exiled to?
Pandeteria
Who where the five kids of Agrippa and Julia?
Lucius Caesar, Gaius Caesar, Agrippina the Elder, Julia the Younger, Agrippa Postumus
Lucius Caesar and Gaius Caesar (sons of Agrippa and Julia) were adopted by Augustus but died in what years?
2 A.D. and 4 A.D.
Which two brothers (sons of Agrippa and Julia) did Augustus adopt, only to see them die in 2 A.D. and 4 A.D.?
Lucius Caesar and Gaius Caesar
Where was Agrippa Postumus (son of Agrippa and Julia) exiled to?
Agrippa Postumus exiled to Planasia in 9 A.D.
When was Agrippa Postumus (son of Agrippa and Julia) exiled?
9 A.D.
When was Julia the Younger exiled?
8 A.D.
What was Tiberius’s father’s full name?
Tiberius Claudius Nero
Whom did Tiberius (the emperor) divorce to marry Julia the Elder?
Vipsania
Where did Tiberius go into exile?
Rhodes
When was Tiberius in exile?
6-2 B.C.
Where did Augustus die?
Nola
When did Augustus die?
14 A.D.
Where were Augustus’s ashes kept?
In his mausoleum
How long was Tiberius’s reign?
14-37 A.D.
What military position did Tiberius have under Augustus?
general
How did Tiberius view his position as emperor?
Gloomy, never really desiring to be emperor, and
jealous of a fellow general, his nephew and adoptive son, Germanicus
Who, nephew and adopted son of Tiberius, was Tiberius jealous of?
Germanicus
In what year did Germanic receive a triumph?
17 A.D.
When did Germanicus die?
19 A.D.
Who suspected of killing Germanicus through poison?
governor of Syria, Gn. Calpurnius Piso (who then killed himself)
What revolt covered the span of seven years (17-24 A.D.) during Tiberius’s reign?
Revolt of Tacfarinas
Who was Tacfarinas?
Numidian chieftain who revolted against Rome
Who trapped Tacfarinas and nearly ended the Revolt of Tacfarinas, but was recalled?
Iunius Blaesus
Who successfully ended the Revolt of Tacfarinas?
P. Cornelius Dolabella
In what year did the Revolt of Florus and Sacrovir occur?
21 A.D.
Who led the Revolt of Florus and Sacrovir?
Two Gallic noblemen Julius Sacrovir of the Aedui and Julius Florus of Treviri
In what year did Aelius Sejanus become the Praetorian Prefect?
15 A.D.
When did Tiberius leave Rome for Capri, never again stepping foot in Rome?
26 A.D.
Tiberius left Rome for his villa on what Italian island?
Capri
In what year did Livia die?
Livia died in 29 A.D. – Tiberius did not attend her funeral
Why was Aelius Sejanus deemed a villain?
Sejanus tried to kill or exile all members of the family of Agrippina the Elder
