Gas Laws Flashcards
The ideal gas law can also be derived from first principles using what theory?
the kinetic theory (of gases)
Which law states that the rate at which gas molecules diffuse is inversely proportional to the square root of its density (at constant temperature)?
Graham’s Law
Boyle’s Law relates which two physical quantities?
gas pressure and volume
Who formulated the real gas law, an equation of state that generalizes the ideal gas law to account for the volume of the gas molecules and intermolecular attraction?
van der Waals
Avogadro’s Law states that the volume occupied by an ideal gas is directly proportional to the . . . .
number of molecules of the gas present in the container.
The combined gas law or general gas equation is obtained by combining which 3 laws?
Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, and Gay-Lussac’s Law
Which gas law was the first physical law to be expressed in the form of an equation describing the dependence of two variable quantities?
Boyle’s Law
Charles’s Law states that, for a given mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to its . . .
absolute temperature
Whose law is also known as the law of volumes?
Charles’s Law
What assistant of Boyle’s built the experimental apparatus Boyle used to confirm the gas law named for him?
Robert Hooke
What is the equation for the ideal gas law?
pV = nRT or pV = kNT (n is number of moles and N is number of molecules)
Since 1982, STP has been defined as . . .
a temperature of 273.15 K (0 °C) and an absolute pressure of exactly 100 000 Pa (100 kPa)
Avogadro’s Law relates which two physical quantities?
volume and the number of molecules
Which gas law states that the volume of a gas is inversely related to the pressure when the temperature is constant?
Boyle’s Law
Which gas law was the first to be published (in 1662)?
Boyle’s Law
Whose law is also known as Amontons’ law or the pressure law?
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Which gas law states that for a given mass and constant volume of an ideal gas, the pressure exerted on the sides of its container is directly proportional to its absolute temperature?
Gay-Lussac’s Law
Which law states that the volume occupied by an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the gas present in the container?
Avogadro’s Law
Boyle’s Law states that the volume of a gas is inversely related to the . . .
pressure
Which law states that at constant temperature, the amount of a given gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid?
Henry’s Law
Which gas law states that, for a given mass of an ideal gas at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to its absolute temperature, assuming a closed system?
Charles’s Law
In the statement of the ideal gas law, pV = kNT, what is k?
the Boltzmann constant with a value of 1.381×10−23 J/K
Gay-Lussac’s Law relates which two physical quantities?
pressure and absolute temperature
In the statement of the ideal gas law, pV = nRT, what is R?
the universal gas constant with a value of 8.3144598 (kPa∙L)/(mol∙K)
Which law states that the volume of a mixture of gases (which is the volume of the container) simply is the sum of the partial volumes of the individual components?
Amagat’s Law of Partial Volume
Charles’s Law relates which two physical quantities?
volume and absolute temperature
What is the molar volume of a gas at STP?
approximately 22.4 L
The ideal gas law is obtained by combining which 4 laws?
Boyle’s Law, Charles’s Law, Gay-Lussac’s Law, and Avogadro’s Law
Gay-Lussac’s Law states that, for a given mass and constant volume of an ideal gas, the pressure exerted on the sides of its container is directly proportional to its . . .
absolute temperature
Who was the first to state the ideal gas law (in 1834)?
Émile Clapeyron
Whose law is also known as Mariotte’s law (especially in France)?
Boyle’s Law
Which law states that the pressure of a mixture of gases simply is the sum of the partial pressures of the individual components?
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
