Tactics New 4 Flashcards
In ____ construction each floor is built as a box. The framing in each level is set on a sill plat and runs the height of one floor.
Platform frame
The ____ constructed home uses standard 2 x 4 studs. The difference in this construction feature is the exterior framing members run two or more stories high.
Balloon frame.
The post and beam is sometimes called?
Plank and Beam
Few large wooden members in place of many small wood frame members.
At no time should a person be sent to the roof of a _______ to try vertical ventilation.
mobile home
The HVAC system is broke down into three components
The processing equipment
The supply system
The return system
Who regulate the construction of manufactured homes?
The federal government
Since 1976 they must comply with HUD
Post 1976 homes must bear a label certifying compliance
Building fire pumps should be able to deliver their rated capacity at least ____psi at the highest floor outlet.
50 psi
relief valve should be set a 15 psi above that
As much as ____% of the pumps capacity can be lost with an open bypass valve.
50%
In the newer highrise buildings, window are
fixed and inoperable
In this construction, the elevators, stairs and support systems are located in the center of the building
central core construction
Buildings are commonly described according to ______
when they were built
To combat today’s high-rise fires heavy emphasis is placed on________
utilizing building systems and resources
Fires involving E-85 fuels should be treated the same as any______
polar-water miscible flammable liquid
heavy than air
use alcohol resistant foam
E-85 fuel is _____
15% gasoline
85% ethanol
(HVAC)
Once the fire floor has been verified______
outside air supply dampers should be closed
Exhaust dampers should be opened
reactivate the supply fans for all floor except the fire floor (to pressurize and give fresh air
There are two components of firefighter service:____
Gaining control in recalling elevators
and
using elevators safely
Once firefighters have boarded an elevator they should______
clear the floor selector panel by hitting the call cancel button
hit the next available floor
Reaction time is longer for highrise fires than for fires involving any other type of structure. Reaction time can be upwards of ____minutes or more.
20 minutes or more
A phenomenon found in high rise fires wherein as heated air rises and then cools it forms a layer, or ceiling, from which more rising smoke banks
Stack effect
A phenomenon found in highrise fires wherein heated smoke rises until it establishes equilibrium with the surrounding area and then moves horizontally_____
stratification
The hazards encountered with passenger vehicles, vans and light duty trucks are numerous. These hazards can be broken down into 4 broad areas?
Components
cargo
fuel
vehicle components
hazardous cargo
alternate fuel
Vehicle components “Hazards” ____which may explode and expel shrapnel when heated.
Driveshafts
____ which emit deadly phosgene gas when burning.
Air conditioning systems
_____ which may decompress and eject with explosive force.
Bumpers with built in shock absorbers
Car parts, such as wheels, motors and air bag components made with ____ may react violently when water is applied.
magnesium
Catalytic converters, which can reach temperatures exceeding ____ when functioning improperly.
1500 F
Most manufactures utilize ____ wires to indicate air bag systems.
Bright Yellow
Another way to identify a hybrid vehicle is to check for the presence of ____ under the vehicles hood.
Bright orange components
Orange wires = high voltage
(hybrid)
The battery starting system is a 12 volt system and can be located anywhere in the vehicle. The energy storage system may be a lithium-ion battery pack stored_______
under the vehicles floorboards
When applying wildland firefighting tactics, firefighter safety comes first and _____ comes second.
providing for the greatest good
The DOT classifies hazmat into _____ classes what are they?
Explosive Gases Flammable liquids Flammable solids Oxidizers Poisons radioactive corrosive miscellaneous
How many sub classes does explosives have?
6
Calcium carbide is what hazmat class?
Flammable solid
Class 7 (radioactive) is divided into 3 levels depending on _________
the amount of radiation released
Class 8 Corrosive materials are either ________ or ________
Acids
or
Bases
What are the 3 levels of risk associated with rescue at a hazardous material incident?
Low risk
Calculated risk
Unacceptable risk
The low risk category is based on what 4 assumptions?
Hazards are known
PPE is available
Responders are trained
Probability of successful outcome
The key in fighting interface fires is to ______
Use your resources to accomplish the most good.
Receo vs
Rescue
exposures
confinement
extinguishment
overhaul
ventilation
salvage
Wildland
Start extinguishment at ____ then work toward _____
Most active flank
then
work toward the head.
When water is available, then the entire perimeter of the fire should be overhauled. Crews should saturate a perimeter that extends at least ____ft beyond the burn areas.
50ft
Guidelines for Wildland Interface residents
Clear dead leaves/branches from around structure for ____ to ___ft.
30 to 50 ft.
Guidelines for Wildland Interface residents
Remove tree limbs within ____ ft of the ground.
15ft
Guidelines for Wildland Interface residents
Clear a ___ft area around LP tanks.
10 ft.
Guidelines for Wildland Interface residents
Firewood should be moved ___ft away from the house.
100ft
(wildland)
What and where are the safety zones for the firefighters and apparatus?
Leeward side of the structure (use it as a shield)
The interior
If along a ridge the side opposite and below the fire
open spaces
Generally speaking, a structure may not be defendable if it is_______________
Less than twice the flame length
from the edge
of the clear space.
____ is the primary cause of wildland fires in the wildland urban interface. However, as population has increased in remote area, incidents caused by human carelessness and arson are on the rise.
Lightening
What type of wildland fire produces the greatest amount of heat?
Forest fires
Wildland fires are affected by _________
The rate of fire spread
Fire intensity
These types of fires tend to occur in or more closely to the wildland urban interface_______
Brush fires
They are the fastest moving fire but they produce the least amount of heat (wildland) _________
Groundcover fire
Firefighter safety in wildland fires is paramount. There are ____ firefighting orders that can positively impact firefighters safety at wildland fires.
10
For the most part, _______efforts are not a major concern in wildland fires.
Search and Rescue
Salvage is usually not a concern either.
Wildland fires are most often started by _____
Lightning
Fire spread is affected by________-
Fuel
weather
slope
types of fuel burning
weather conditions
the slope or aspect
What are the 3 basic types of wildland fires that can occur in the Interface area?
Forest Fire (heavy fuel)
Brush fire (mid level vegetation)
Ground cover fire (Low level vegetation)
the level of vegetation determines the type of wildland fire.
A fire that occurs in high level vegetation that rapidly spreads across treetops________
Crown Fire
Trees that have fallen but are hung up in other trees, not fallen down to grade are called ____________
Snags
These systems inject air and foam into the discharge side of the pump. Helps water penetrate combustible materials.
CAFS
Compressed air foam system
Attacking wildland fires __________is usually the safest.
from the burned side.
Wildland fire extinguishment operations should begin by ______
working up the flanks from within the burned area
then working toward the head.
What is the fastest growing, moving part of a wildland fire?
The head
Overhaul, often termed ____ by wildland firefighters is as important for wildland fires as it is structure fires
Mop up
Approach should be made on a ____degree angle to the front or rear of the car, not straight on.
45 degree angle
Saddle tanks range in size from ___ to ____ gallons each.
25 to 100
One hazard that is unique to RV’s is the presence of______
LPG tanks
another hazard is anhydrous ammonia found in some refrigeration systems
A vehicle that operates in much the same way as hybrids, but they have a third component that utilizes energy taken directly from the environment
Tribrid vehicle
The term ____ was coined after people from urban and suburban areas began to move into wilderness areas to live and enjoy the peace and tranquility.
wildland urban interface.
The air processing equipment (HVAC Highrise)
is generally found ________-
on the floors containing the mechanical equipment rooms
____ are devices that prevent or allow air to enter the HVac system
Dampers
____ stairs are located on opposite sides of a building with multiple wings. You can cross from one wing to another on each floor.
Transverse stairs
Electric Vehicles include
Chevy Volt
Nissan Leaf
FDC color coding
Red standpipe
Yellow sprinkler/standpipe
green= Auto sprinkler
Silver= Non auto sprinkler
What classes of standpipe require an FDC so the FD can support or supply the system?
Class I
and
ClassIII
Any system that has a flow pressure of ____psi or more should be tagged or marked to indicate higher pressures.
150 psi
_____ valves are used for drainage and test valves.
Globe
_____ are valves used for both system drainage and alarm silencing.
stopcock
What sprinkler system activates the alarm and sounds a warning prior to activation of the heads?
Pre action
Every sprinkler system must have a water supply that is ?
Reliable
automatic
adequate volume
adequate pressure
What sprinkler type has separate additional alarm detection equipment that activates.
Pre action
The NFA was originally created in 1974 as a result of the
Federal Fire Prevention and Control act.
This act was the outcome of the landmark document
America Burning:
America burning: The report of the National Commission on fire prevention and control.
