Elevators Flashcards
Two types of elevators in service:
Electric or Traction &
Mechanical or Hydraulic
Electric elevators are found in buildings of all heights and used exclusively______
Above 6 or 7 floors
In electric elevators the machine room is usually located where?
Near the roof
Hydraulic elevators are found in buildings not over ______ in height
6 or 7 floors
If a hydraulic elevator stalls, it can be lowered by__________ in the same manner as an ordinary hydraulic jack.
Bypassing the hydraulic fluid
When an electric elevator stalls, the ______ is automatically applied mechanically.
Machine brake
A hydraulic elevator does not have ________
A brake
Large elevators weigh?
Approx 5000 lbs
Common causes of stalling are:
Electric power failure (Major Cause)
Fuse in the machine room (common)
Poor electrical contact on door closing device (common)
Smaller cars weigh?
3500 lbs
When supporting the car, never pry up or lift it. This could_______
Release safeties and let the car fall
The preferred and safest method for evacuating passengers is to move the elevator car to ______
A landing level
The mainline disconnect switch must be in the ____ position (closed) and if the car is equipped with emergency stop switch must be in the _____ position.
ON
RUN
If elevator is equipped with firefighters service operation of ____ lobby key switch to recall the elevator car to main floor.
Phase I
The key switch in the main lobby has on, off, & bypass position. The “on” position activates what?
The return of the elevators
What is the bypass position used for?
To shunt out the sensing device circuit when heat or smoke initiated the return of the elevators.
There is an identical three position key switch on or beside the operation panel inside each elevator that has a travel distance of ____ ft or more
70
If an elevator car is located at or near a landing, it is possible that what?
The hoist way door is unlocked, and hoist way an car doors can be opened by hand.
If opening door by hand;
Set mainline disconnect for stalled elevator to “off” position
Open the doors by hand
Enter elevator and set emergency stop switch
Hoistway Door Keys
Lunar Key
T-Slot key
Drop Key
Found on older Otis, Dover, Esco, Hunter-Hayes and Montgomery. 8-10 in thin shank conventional screwdriver can be substituted?
Lunar Key
Tamper proof. Found on newer Otis, Dover, Hunter Hayes, and Montgomery. Turn away from door edge?
Drop Key
Exclusive on Westinghouse. In older buildings the key slot is in the door jamb. Insert and push. New buildings the slot is in door. If slot in door use same procedure as Lunar Key. 8 to 10 in thin shanked conventional screwdriver can be substituted.
T-slot Key
Main Line Disconnect is usually found where?
Entry of equipment room
Distinguishing features of electric elevators are______ and _______
Hoist way cables
The machine room located near roof
Hydraulic elevators do not have_____ an the machine room is usually found ______
Hoist way cables
Near the basement
It may be possible to ________ of the stalled elevator car so that its doors can be opened by hand.
Engage the interlock roller
If the elevator is more than _____ above or below the landing, it is not recommended to remove the passengers through the elevator door opening as distance creates danger.
3 ft
Removal through top emergency a ladder of sufficient length to extend at least _____ feet above floor landing. Second ladder should be lowered with length extending ____ ft above the top of the car.
3ft
3ft
If available a Evac bridge should be used. If not available use a ____ foot plank. The span should not exceed___ inches
6 ft
30 inches
There are 2 types of manual controls now in OKC:
Independent service
Fire Service
Phase one will what?
Bring all elevators to lobby floor
Phase I will be found on all elevators having a travel of ____ and serving ______ installed since May 1976.
25ft more
3 or more landings
If the elevator was installed later than 1976, and the building is over _____ ft. A second phase is required called______
70ft
Firemens Emergency Return
When phase II or emergency return is activated, it provides______ of an elevator.
Greatest measure of Manual control
The_________cannot be disconnected or turned off at any location rather than at the lobby level. Key is not removable in the on position.
Firemans Emergency Return feature
Limit ____ personnel maximum firefighters during fire situations.
6
Photocells or electric eyes are detected by observing light beams at ___and _____ above the floor
30” & 42”
Sufficient heat to melt the call buttons?
450-500 degrees
Both ___ and ____ are cancelled when the elevator is placed under manual control.
Photocells/electric eyes
Operated call buttons
What is 5 floor method?
Stop elevator at 5 floors below the suspected fire floor.
Fire in an elevator machine room use what extinguisher?
Class C extinguisher
Escalators, ramps , an manlifts are not considered as exits because they do not travel______
Over 1-3 floors & seldom enclosed
If victim caught between edge and skirt of escalator, use _____ or _____ to release them.
Pry bar
K-12
Counterweight in elevator equals the weight of car plus ____ of cars carrying capacity.
40%
Drum type elevator seldom exceed_____ feet
150 ft
Electric traction elevator gearless machines generally used in units moving at more than____ feet per minute.
400ft
Hoist way access switch normally located ____ above the floor and _____ to side of the door.
72” and 12”
Hydraulic elevator is raised by ____ and lowered by _____. Not used for lifts over______ speeds over 200 feet per minute.
Oil pressure
Gravity
65’
Landing Zone is _____ to ____ up or down in which car is expected to stop.
18” to 30”
Photocells are at an approximate ____ and ___ level
Hand and calf
Safeties are normally activated when car speed exceeds_______of their rated speed
15-20%
Side Emergency Exits, normally found on cars when hoist way landings are over_____ apart. Opening must be at least _____ high and ____ wide
30”
60” and 14”
Cars traveling over ____ stories must be in a vented hoistway.
3 stories
Should the elevator be stalled due to a power loss to the building, and the building has a emergency power source, it may be possible to run the elevators by_________
turning the emergency recall switch in the main lobby to the “ON” position.
Never pry on the ____ edge of a hoistway door. This will wedge the doors and prevent them from opening.
Bottom
A fire department operator is required at all times when an elevator is in the _____ Mode.
Independent service mode.
It is recommended that an initial force of ____ men be used to determine availability and control of elevators.
3 men
In the event you are called to an escalator incident, it will probably involve_________
a foot caught where the steps terminate at the floor, or a long coat caught between the step edge and the skirt.
Where is the inspection plate located on an escalator?
In the floor at the top landing.
Pull the mainline disconnects.
4 screws hold the plate in place with conventional heads.
A group or series of cars in a common hoistway
Bank
Express hoistways; shafts without landing openings
Blind shaft
A condition caused by the wedging of automatic elevator doors. The door motors “burn-out” and the unit becomes totally inoperative.
Burn-out
Hoisting cables or “ropes”, sometimes called “strings”
Cables
Either oil cylinder or a spring cushion located in the pit to prevent car over travel.
Car Buffer
Actual doors of the car, not to be confused with hoistway doors
Car doors
Balancing weight used on cable powered cars to give balanced operation. Normally, the counterweight equals the weight of the car plus 40% of the car’s capacity.
Counterweight
Either oil cylinder or spring cushion used to prevent counterweight overtravels
counterweight buffer
The main bar across the top of the car, similar to a main beam.
Crosshead
A drum in the motor room has the hoisting cable wound about it. Because of size limitations of the drum, lift seldom exceeds 150ft. Found in older installations.
Drum-Type elevator
Gearless machines have slow speed motors on a shaft mounted on a traction sheave grooved for hoisting cables _ generally used in units moving at more than 400 feet per minute.
Electric Traction elevators
Mechanical device used to limit the car speed. Generally the fly-ball type.
Governor
Brake type shoes are used instead of rollers or wheel; operate as roller guides.
Guide Shoes
Key operated switch, found at the top landing and lowest landing, for operation hoistway doors. Normally the switch is 72” above the floor and 12” to the side of the door.
Hoistway Access Switch
Car mounted on top of hydraulic plunger that is raised by oil pressure and lowered by gravity. Some older installations receive partial support from cables and counterweights. Generally not used for lifts over 65’ or speeds over 200 f.p.m.
Hydraulic Elevator
Space of 18 to 30 inches, up or down, in which the car is expected to stop.
Landing Zone
Weight sensing device on the bottom of a car. When a pre-set weight limit is reached, the car will not stop at all station, but will by-pass until the weight is adjusted.
load weighing By-Pass
Shafts with landing openings at each floor.
Local Hoistways
Oil pressure type brake used on some older installations
Oil Pot
After completing its final call the car returns to the lobby and sleeps
Park
Electric eye device used to activate door closing devices. Most cells are at approx. hand and calf level.
Photo-Cell (Photo-Electric Device)
The one feature common to both types of elevators is that loss of electrical power will stall either, since _______
Both are powered by electric motors
