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IMS > Tactics New 3 > Flashcards

Tactics New 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Generally foams have been created for use on?

A

Hazardous materials fires

and

Class A combustibles

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2
Q

Foam is commonly used for two basic types of hazardous materials?

A

Hydrocarbons

Polar solvents

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3
Q

Foams are broken down into what classes?

A

Class A

&

Class B

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4
Q

Petroleum based products such as

gasoline

benzene

toluene

A

Hydrocarbons

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5
Q

Alcohol based products such as

ethanols

Ketones

Lacquer thinners

A

Polar solvents

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6
Q

What % of foam is water?

A

90% or more

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7
Q

Most manufacturers of foam require that they be proportion at

___% for polar solvents

___% for hydrocarbons.

A

6 % for polar solvents

3 % for hydrocarbons

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8
Q

Class A foam is designed purely for ____

A

Class A combustibles

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9
Q

Ordinary Purpose Extinguisher

A

Class B,C

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10
Q

Multi purpose Extinguisher

A

Class A, B, C

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11
Q

In general, dry chemicals extinguish Class B & C fires by______

A

Interrupting the chemical chain reaction.

On class A fires, they coat the material burning and extinguish the fire through smoldering.

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12
Q

_____ are special purpose extinguishing agents used for specific applications such as combustible metals or class D fires.

A

Dry Powders

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13
Q

_____ fire suppression systems are designed for protecting kitchen hoods, plenums, exhaust ducts, grease filters and cooking appliances from grease fires.

A

Wet Chemical fire suppression systems

Wet chemical class K

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14
Q

Co2 extinguishers are used primarily on _______

A

Class B

&

Class C

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of Halon?

A

Halon 1211 liquid

Halon 1301
gaseous, used for protecting sensitive electronic equipment.

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16
Q

A foam system in which compressed air is injected into the foam solution prior to entering any hose lines.

A

Compressed air foam system

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17
Q

The tactic of introducing foam at the bottom of a bulk storage tank______

A

subsurface injection

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18
Q

What are the 4 main types of sprinkler system?

A

Wet Pipe

Dry Pipe

Deluge

Preaction

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19
Q

According to statistics from the NFPA about ___% of fires in sprinklered buildings are either extinguished by the sprinklers or held in check.

A

96%

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20
Q

What are the three common types of main water control valves?

A

OS&Y
(most common)

Post indicator
(open, shut)

wall post indicator

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21
Q

An indication that a fire pump is present is a ____, which looks like a wall hydrant with multiple 2 1/2 inch outlets used for testing the pump.

A

Test Header

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22
Q

Generally on sprinkler systems with a single riser, the FDC is connected to the _____ side of the system.

A

Sprinkler side

Multiple Risers = supply side

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23
Q

What is used to speed up the flow of water to the sprinkler heads in a Dry pipe system?

A

accelerators

or

exhausters

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24
Q

____ is basically set up like a dry pipe system but incorporates addition alarm equipment.

Used in locations where water damage must be prevented.

A

Pre action

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25
Q

Standpipe systems are divided into 3 classes each depending on the intended use of the system________

A

Class I FD

Class II Occupants

Class III FD or Occupants

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26
Q

A class I standpipe system must have a water supply adequate to flow ____GPM for at least ____ MIN

A

500 gpm for at least 30 min

supply must provide a minimum residual pressure of 65 psi at the highest farthest outlet while flowing the required 500 gpm.

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27
Q

In Class I systems that require more than one standpipe, the system is still required to flow 500 gpm for the first & each additional standpipe must flow a min of ___gpm for 30 min.

A

250 gpm for at least 30 minutes

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28
Q

Class II standpipe systems must have a water supply adequate to flow ___ gpm for at least 30 min with a minimum residual of ______

A

100 gpm for at least 30 minutes

with a residual of 65 psi

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29
Q

The class III system must be capable of flowing_______

A

The same requirements as a class I standpipe.

500 gpm for 30 minutes

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30
Q

A ____ system works by diluting the air in the room to displace Oxygen.

A

A carbon dioxide system

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31
Q

_____ work by interfering with and interrupting the chemical chain reaction of fire.

A

Halogenated extinguishing agents

Main hazard is the potential for toxicity from the halogenated agent.

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32
Q

FE-36 or Centrimax ABC 40 are new extinguishing agents called?

A

Clean agents

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33
Q

Specialized extinguishing systems include______

A

Carbon Dioxide

Halogenated agents

Dry chemical

Wet chemical

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34
Q

Minimum requirement for a class A pumper ( NFPA 1901)

Min water tank____

Min Pump size ____

A

Min water tank 300 gallons

Min Pump size 750 GPM

Hose compartment
30 cubic ft for 2 1/2 or larger supply Hose.

2 compartments of at least 3.5 cubic ft for 1 1/2 attack hose.

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35
Q

Engine Companies have what 3 options when laying hose lines to move water from a source to the fire?

A

Forward

Reverse

Split (also called drive way lay)

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36
Q

_____ are essentially hard suction tubes that are piped into a nearby static water source.

A

Dry Hydrant

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37
Q

Water tenders may carry water in amounts from ___ to ___ gallons.

A

1000

to

8000 gallons

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38
Q

A 1 3/4 inch hose line with a solid bore nozzle is capable of flowing approximately ____ gpm @ 50 psi where as a 2 1/2 inch at a similar pressure flows ___ gpm.

A

180 gpm

320 gpm

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39
Q

Class B foams include

A

Protein foams

FFFP

Gold foam

AFFF

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40
Q

Class A foams work by______

A

breaking down the surface tension of water, thus allowing it to soak in.

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41
Q

The search for concealed fire areas and eventual total extinguishment_________

A

Overhaul

42
Q

Getting the hoseline into operation is typically the responsibility of the ________

A

engine company officer and firefighters

43
Q

Proper operation of the hose line is ______responsibility

A

Officer’s

44
Q

In the decay stage ____ must precede entry into any fire compartment.

A

Ventilation

45
Q

When cutting the roof, the hole should be cut in a way that makes it easy to pull and should be at least_____

A

4ft x 4ft

46
Q

There is no justifiable reason to cut a roof supported by ______

A

light weight trusses

47
Q

According to NFPA 14 standpipe systems are limited to a maximum height of ________

A

275ft.

When a structure is higher than 275ft an additional zone must be installed, however no two zones are allowed to exceed a height of 550ft.

48
Q

Horizontal ventilation is usually performed when?

A

after the engine company’s hose line is stretched, charged and ready to begin the attack.

49
Q

The most common construction style is __________

A

wood frame and masonary

50
Q

When fire spreads from floor to floor as a result of the fire coming out a window and into the window above______

A

Auto extension

also called auto exposure

51
Q

The ____ is the area that can be reached with an arerial ladder once the apparatus is set up.

A

Scrub area

52
Q

Overhaul can be broke down into what two stages?

A

Pre control
-pulling ceilings, baseboards

Post control

 - more favorable conditions
 - after fire is under control
53
Q

At a min ____ladder must be extended to each floor on which firefighters are operating.

A

1 ladder

54
Q

Generally a fog stream can be used to assist with smoke removal. To accomplish this, the nozzle team stands ___ to ___ feet from the window.

A

6 to 8 foot

55
Q

A quick way to force an inward winging door is to place a halligan tool _____ inches above or below the lock with the bevel side of the fork against the door slightly angled up or down.

A

6 inches

56
Q

When attacking a door by forcing the hingses, always attack the ____hinge first.

A

Top

57
Q

Outward opening doors are usually indicative of doors to ____,____,______

A

Commercial occupanices

Elevators

Closets

58
Q

A _____ is the movement of heat & Smoke from the higher air pressure w/n a fire building to all other lower air pressure areas.

A

Flow Path

59
Q

The most common structure fire response in the US involves the _________

A

one and two family dwelling.

60
Q

According to the NFPA report fire loss in the US 2010 US Fire department responded to an estimated _____ fires.

A

1,331,500

3120 Fire fatalities

61
Q

There was a civilian fire death every ____ minutes in 2010.

A

169 minutes

62
Q

There was a civilian fire injury every ___ min in 2010.

A

30

63
Q

Residential home fires accounted for ____% of the total structure fires.

A

80%

64
Q

Residential home fires accounted for more than ___% of the civilian fire deaths.

A

85%

65
Q

Somewhere in the nation, a FD responds to a residential fire every ____seconds.

A

65 seconds

66
Q

According to the US fire administration 50% of civilian fire fatalities in residential buildings occur between the hours of ___________

A

10pm and 6 am

67
Q

______was the leading cause of fatal residential building fires.

A

smoking

68
Q

According to the 2010 USFA firefighter fatality report ____% of fire ground firefighter fatalities occurred in residential structures.

A

10%

69
Q

_____times as many people die in mobile home fires, proportionately, than in single & two family homes.

A

3 times

70
Q

The NFPA report firefighter fatalities in the US 2010 documented ____firefighter fatalities WHILE OPERATING ON THE FIREGROUND.

A

21

6 were in one & two family structures as “routine fires”

71
Q

Fore every 1000 fires that break out ____victims will die in mobile homes, whereas fewer than ____ will die in single family homes.

A

21 die in mobile homes

7 will die in single family

72
Q

The leading specific location where civilian fire fatalities occur in residential buildings is_______

A

the bedroom (55%)

73
Q

For the purpose of this text a high rise building is any building in which the highest floor is _________

A

beyond the reach of available ladders.

74
Q

The first high rise fires actually occurred______

A

well over 100 years ago.

75
Q

Most building codes and NFPA 101 utilize a minimum occupancy load of _____ to be categorized as a place of Assembly occupation.

A

50

76
Q

Using ____ is key to extinguishing fire in places of assembly especially in large buildings that are longer and wider than the amount of handline available.

A

Built in fire protection systems

77
Q

A significant firefighter safety issue at assemble occupancy fires is

A

personnel accountability

78
Q

The most important factor to consider in

“places of assembly” is

A

life safety

79
Q

Wooden bowstring truss roofs are found in older large commercial buildings.

_________ are used in newer large commercial buildings.

A

concrete roofs reinforced with steel cables

80
Q

Evacuation for incidents in commercial structures should begin _______________

A

in the areas of the structure most threatened by the fire and smoke.

81
Q

These stairs are located in each wing of a building. You cannot go from one wing to another unless you are in the lobby.

A

Wing stairs.

82
Q

Commercial occupancies can generally be categorized as either ____, _____ or _______

A

Mercantile (retail)

Industrial

Business (professional)

83
Q

When arriving on scene at a commercial building fire, _____should be a main concern for the 1st company officer to arrive on scene due to the size of the building.

A

Placement of apparatus

84
Q

VENTILATION:

The opening used for the exit point should be at least ____the size of the opening used to pressurize the structure.

A

1 1/2 times

85
Q

Units taking elevators to get to the fire floor should stop at least ____floors below the reported fire floor and take the stairs.

A

2 floors

86
Q

These stairs serve a certain part of the building, they are a single set of stairs_______

A

Isolated stairs

87
Q

Newer apartment buildings, built later in the 1900s tend to be _______

A

Taller, wider and deeper

Biggest difference is the use of unprotected steel I-beams.

88
Q

Older apartment buildings, constructed in the 19th and early 20th centuries, have the following unique features

A

Exterior is typically constructed with Brick

Interior is usually constructed with wood

Typically have 2 to 4 apartments per floor

89
Q

Row frame multiple family dwellings can have as many as ____buildings in one row and as tall as ____stories.

A

20 in one row

5 stories tall

90
Q

Exposure protection in fire resistive multiple family dwellings should focus on ________

A

adjoining apartments on the same floor.

91
Q

In fire-resistive multiple family dwellings, fire departments will use at least _____ hose line to advance down a hallway where an apartment door has been left open.

A

one 2 1/2 inch hose line

92
Q

The biggest structural difference in newer apartment buildings is _______

A

The introduction of unprotected steel I beams

93
Q

The trench cut should be started approximately ___ to ___ from the main vent hole.

A

20 to 30 feet

94
Q

A primary clue to a basement fire_______

A

Smoke from bottom to top of the structure that is not lifted when the front door is opened and ventilation is started.

95
Q

In an offensive attack, hose lines should be position to __________

A

confine the fire from the unburned side.

96
Q

In a defensive operation a strategic goal is to place hose streams_______-

A

in a position to prevent fire spread beyond the structure of origin

97
Q

The wood frame-constructed home typically falls within one of 3 framing methods.

A

post and frame

balloon frame
(2 x 4 studs, before 1940’s)

Platform frame

98
Q

A double hung window can be used for ventilation, it should be opened ____ at the top and ____ at the bottom.

A

2/3 at the top

1/3 at the bottom

99
Q

General priorities for a multiple floor search include:

A

Fire floor

Floor above the fire

top floor

rest of the building

100
Q

Multiple family dwellings are occupancies that house _____ or more families..

A

3 or more

IMS (79 decks)

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