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IMS > Tactics New 2 > Flashcards

Tactics New 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The NFA course Hazardous Materials operating site practices List ____ strategic goals for Hazmat.

A

8

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2
Q

What are the 8 strategic goals for hazmat?

A

Spilt FNI

Spill control

Protection

Isolation

Leak control

Termination

Fire Control

Notification

Identification

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3
Q

Emergency medial service system responders are trained in 6 strategic goals for medial Incidents?

A

Spettg

Stabilization

packaging

Extrication

Triage

Transport

Gaining Access

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4
Q

According to the tactics book there are 9 goals that must be considered at every fire?

A

Safety
Search

Evac
exposure
confinement

Extinguishment
Ventilation
overhaul
Salvage

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5
Q

Strategic goals are designed to meet the _____

A

Incident priorities

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6
Q

Tactical objectives are more specific functions designed to meet

A

strategic goals

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7
Q

In developing the action plan, the IC must consider not only the goals and objectives required but also ________

A

Department SOG’s

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8
Q

A model that implies that a fireground commander in 9 out of 10 cases does not make a decision based on selection of choices, but rather on experience.

A

RPD

Recognition primed decision making

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9
Q

The ____ theory is concerned with identifying the best alternative to take and assumes the decision maker is fully informed, rational and able to compute the info at hand.

A

NDM

Naturalistic decision making

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10
Q

This decision making process is concerned with how real or ideal decision makers make their decisions_____

A

Naturalistic Decision Making

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11
Q

This model is used when IC’s are confronted with a situation they have not experienced in the past________

A

Classical Decision Making

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12
Q

What decision making process is based on a 4 step process?

A

Classical Decision making

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13
Q

Classical Decision making is based on a 4 step process, what are the 4 steps?

A

Aim

Factors

Courses

Plan

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14
Q

Aim-

Factors-

Courses -

Plan -

A

Aim- what the IC wants to accomplish

Factors- What affects the decision making

Courses- options to accomplish the aim

Plan- the action plan

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15
Q

The only factors that never change in regard to incident command decision making are_______

A

Incident Priorities

 Life safety

 Incident stabilization

 Property Conservation
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16
Q

The meaning of words in a communications process is based on__________

A

prior understanding

and

Knowledge

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17
Q

Size up is an ongoing information analysis that begins ____ and is specific to a particular incident.

A

before the incident occurs

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18
Q

The _____ in which the incident takes place includes the construction features of the fire building or terrain in wildlife, also includes, time, weather, fuel load, height, area, occupancy

A

environment

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19
Q

Consider the conditions and the situation at an incident using what 4 Questions?

A

What is on fire?

Where is the fire now?

Where is it going?

What harm has it caused or will it cause?

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20
Q

What functions should be the driving force for all incidents and the first items considered by the IC?

A

Life safety

Incident stabilization

property conservation

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21
Q

A framework that studies how people actually make decisions and perform cognitively complex functions in demanding situations

A

NDM

Naturalistic decision making

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22
Q

A model of how people make quick, effective decisions when faced with complex situations

A

Recognition primed decision making

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23
Q

Building construction classes

A

I Fire resistive

II Non combustible

III Ordinary

IV Heavy Timber

V Frame (wood)

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24
Q

What is the main point to remember in the performance of wood as a structural member?

A

surface to mass ration

Mass is the key factor in fire performance of wood

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25
Q

What is the second most important point to remember in wood frame construction?

A

The connection method used to hold the structural members together

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26
Q

Type of frame construction common throughout the 1800’s through the End of WW II?

A

Balloon Frame

with the invention of cheap machine made nails

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27
Q

The balloon frame structure can often be identified by looking at

A

Doors and windows

Usually all stacked vertically

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28
Q

The _____ sometimes referred to as western framing, is the most common type of new frame construction in use today.

A

Platform frame

**sometimes identified by offset windows and doors.

Began after the mid 20th century

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29
Q

The ____ is a framing system using posts (vertical members) and beams (horizontal) to create a load bearing frame

A

Post and Beam

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30
Q

What is a typical post and beam construction ?

A

Barn

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31
Q

What is the minimal dimensions for a roof plank in a post and beam construction?

A

2 inches

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32
Q

Beams are set at ___ to ___ ft apart in a post and beam.

A

6 to 8ft apart

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33
Q

What are the minimum dimensions for the post and beams in a post and beam type construction.

A

4 x 4

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34
Q

A framing method that resembles the Post and beam but uses much larger beams_____

A

plank and beam

Large residential, commercial, churches

Floor typically thick tongue and groove

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35
Q

Truss construction can be used for buildings up to ____ stories

A

3 stories

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36
Q

The bowstring truss can span areas of ____ to ____ ft and can be spaced 20ft on center.

A

50 to 100ft

identified by the exterior bowstring roof structure.

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37
Q

Gusset plates are also called

A

gang nailers

staple plates

metal tooth plate connectors

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38
Q

Gusset plates penetrate ___ to ___ inches.

A

.25 to .375 inches

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39
Q

Heavy timber referred to by some as

A

mill construction

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40
Q

Heavy timber have large wooden columns that are greater than

A

8 x 8

41
Q

Heavy timber construction can be up to ____ stories tall

A

8 stories tall

42
Q

How thick are the floors in heavy timber?

A

3 inches thick

43
Q

Large sections of wood more than ____ inches thick can have more fire resistance than exposed steel.

A

6 inches

44
Q

A letter S, a channel, a circle or other decorative device on the exterior of a building.

A

A spreader

45
Q

In unprotected steel trusses, the steel can begin to lose strength at ____F and fail around ____F

A

lose strength at 800 F

Fail @ 1000 F

46
Q

Types of wood frame building include______

A

Balloon frame

Platform Frame

Post and Beam

Plank and beam

Truss frame

47
Q

_____ construction is composed of masonry load bearing walls with wood joisted floor and a wood roof.

A

Ordinary construction

48
Q

How thick are the typical walls in ordinary construction?

A

6 to 30 inches

1 to 3 stories tall

49
Q

A rod or cable that runs parallel to the joist and ties the walls together to increase stability.

A

Spreader Type I

Type I Spreader runs parallel

Type II spreader runs perpendicular (floor to floor)

50
Q

Thy typical rule of thumb for the expansion of steel is

A

1 inch for every 10ft

@

Approx 800 F

51
Q

The top and bottom members of the truss are call _____

A

the chords

52
Q

Inside members of a truss are called the

A

Web

53
Q

The trusses are tied together with connecting members call ____, and the connections are

A

ties

panel points

54
Q

The most common truss for roof construction is the

A

Peaked roof truss

116 to 24 inches on center

55
Q

Prior to 1990 trusses were attached to the top plate of a wall simply by toe nailing them. Today they use

A

Hurricane clips

56
Q

The parallel chord truss is used for_____

A

Both roofs and floors

57
Q

What is a problem with parallel chord truss?

A

void spaces created by its use.

58
Q

As class A fires burn they produce ___ ____ and _____

A

Carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (Co2) and water

59
Q

The most abundant gas produced at any fire is _____

A

Carbon Monoxide

60
Q

Carbon Monoxide poisoning is the cause of death in more than ____% of all fire fatalities.

A

50 %

61
Q

A metal plate, sometimes referred to as a gusset plate, that has teeth that enter the wood member to hold them together.

A

Panel Point

62
Q

The fire triangle consist of _________

A

Fuel

Oxygen

Heat

63
Q

Who developed the concept of the fire tetrahedron?

A

Walter Haelssler

64
Q

Fire tetrahedron consist of?

A

Fuel

Oxygen

heat

chemical chain reaction

65
Q

What are the 5 classes of fires?

A

Class A ordinary combustibles

Class B flammable petroleum products

Class C Electrically energized equipment

Class D Combustible Metals

Class K Combustible cooking fuels

66
Q

Class K extinguishers are designed to extinguish cooking fats and oils through_____

A

Saponification

** converts the burning substance to a noncombustible soap

Endo thermic reaction

67
Q

A method of heat transfer by which the air currents are the means of travel

A

Convection

68
Q

A method of heat transfer through light waves, much like the sun warms the earth

A

Radiation

Moves equally in all directions

can move through glass and water

69
Q

A method of heat transfer though a medium , such as a piece of metal____

A

Conduction

70
Q

_____ a very potent irritant is released from burning polyethylene

A

Acrolein

71
Q

Hydrogen chloride, a deadly gas released from ____ is irritating to the eyes and upper respiratory tract.

A

PVC

polyvinyl chloride

72
Q

A fire’s progress depends on

A

Fuel load

Combustibility

Intensity of the heat produced

73
Q

What are the 4 stages of fire?

A

Incipient

Free burning

flash over

Smoldering decay

74
Q

Fire can spread by what four principle ways?

A

Convection

radiation

Conduction

Direct flame impingement

75
Q

Five feet into the room where flashover has occurred is commonly known as_______

A

the point of no return

76
Q

______ is indicative of hydrocarbon based fires, such as plastics and foam.

A

Dark black

77
Q

____ smoke indicates an oxygen starved fire.

A

Dirty Brown

78
Q

Lighter smoke indicates a class ___ fire.

A

Class A

79
Q

Each preincident plan begins with a _____

A

thorough tour of the building.

80
Q

What are the steps of a building survey?

A

Tour the building

rough sketch

incorporate photos

complete drawing

lance plans on apparatus

sharing and training

touring regularly

updating plans

81
Q

Preincident planning

The actual tour should begin?

A

In the parking lot

82
Q

Assembly Halls

Theaters

restaurants

stadiums

libraries

Chapels

A

Assembly Occupancies

83
Q

Barber shops

banks

dry cleaning

florist

print shops

office buildings

A

Business occupancies

84
Q

Retail Stores

Shopping centers

wholesale shopping

markets

A

Mercantile

85
Q

A church is commonly considered an _____ occupancy.

A

assembly occupancy

86
Q

A retail fireworks business is commonly considered?

A

A hazard occupancy

87
Q

Generally Nursing homes are ______ occupancies.

A

Institutional

88
Q

Water extinguishes fire through what 3 basic methods?

A

Cools

Smothers

separates

89
Q

What are the 3 nationally accepted formulas for figuring flow requirements?

A

(NFA) National Fire Academy

Iowa State university formula

Insurance Services Office (ISO, New York city)

90
Q

What 2 fire flow formulas are simple and can be done quickly on the fire ground?

A

NFA

Iowa State

91
Q

The ____ formula was not designed to be used on the fire scene and would be difficult to do quickly.

A

Insurance Services formula

92
Q

The NFA formula is

A

L X W divided by 3 x % of involvement

93
Q

The Iowa state formula is

A

NFF= V divided by 100

V= L x W x H

94
Q

At 212 F water expands ____ times its original volume.

A

1700

95
Q

Both the NFA formula and the Iowa state formula assume?

A

The entire space is engulfed

96
Q

Probably the most widely used nozzle in the fire service today is the ______

A

Fog Nozzle

97
Q

Examples of broke stream nozzles include?

A

Piercing Nozzle

Cellar Nozzle

98
Q

What 3 simple steps can be used to figure the pump discharge pressure needed?

A

Constants

elevation

friction loss

Calculate the constants

calculate the addition pressure need due to elevation

Calculate the friction loss in the hose

99
Q

The Friction loss formula

FL = Q(Q + Q +1)

is applicable only to?

A

2 1/2 inch hose flowing greater than 100 GPM

IMS (79 decks)

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