Swine Reproductive Diseases

Question 1

how long is the estrous cycle in a sow?

Answer 1

21 days

Question 2

when can ultrasound be used to diagnose pregnancy in sows?

Answer 2

day 28 onward

Question 3

if embryos die before mineralization but after nidation, what do you see?

Answer 3

irregular returns to estrus
poor conception rate, reduced litter size

Question 4

who does porcine parvovirus impact?

Answer 4

gilt litters

Question 5

what do you see with porcine parvovirus?

Answer 5

mummification: stair step
stillborns
lower conception rates
reduced litter sizes

Question 6

what Leptospirosis spp are specific to swine?

Answer 6

L. pamona
L. bratislava

Question 7

what does Leptospirosis usually cause with pregnancy?

Answer 7

late pregnancy: miscarriages, stillbirths, weak pigs

Question 8

how can you diagnose porcine reproductive and respiratory virus?

Answer 8

PCR: sow sera, processing fluids, oral fluids
IHC on fetal lungs

Question 9

how is PRRS spread?

Answer 9

shedding pigs
aerosol spread
shared manure handling equipment
poorly washed trucks
fomites

Question 10

when do open sows return to service after service?

Answer 10

18-24 days

Question 11

what do you see if fetuses die after mineralization and before immunocompetence?

Answer 11

whole litter: miscarriage
individuals die: mummification

Question 12

when does mineralization occur?

Answer 12

35 days

Question 13

when does immunocompetence occur?

Answer 13

70 days

Question 14

what do you see if there is fetal insult after immunocompetence?

Answer 14

if piglets die: miscarriage or mummification
litter lives: weak, stillborns, increased farrowing house mortality

Question 15

does parvovirus make the gilts and sows sick?

Answer 15

no

Question 16

when can parvovirus affect the fetuses?

Answer 16

any time in gestation

Question 17

how is porcine parvovirus shed?

Answer 17

in feces
very hardy

Question 18

when should you vaccinate for porcine parvovirus so that you are vaccinating when maternal antibodies have declined?

Answer 18

at 6 months of age

Question 19

how can you acclimate gilts for porcine parvovirus?

Answer 19

place gilts with older sows, allow at least 30 days for gilts to build immunity to farm pathogens before breeding
not completely reliable

Question 20

what looks very similar to porcine parvovirus?

Answer 20

porcine circovirus 2 and 3

Question 21

does Leptospirosis cause mummies?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

does Leptspirosis cause disease in sows or gilts?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

what does Leptospirosis cause in people?

Answer 23

jaundice
fever
myalgia
aseptic meningitis
hematuria

Question 24

when can Leptospirosis affect fetuses?

Answer 24

rare: 0-14 days
usually: 50-115 days: miscarriages, stillbirths, weak pigs

Question 25

how can you treat Leptospirosis?

Answer 25

tetracyclines to infected animals

Question 26

what are the reproductive impacts of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome?

Answer 26

irregular returns, regular returns, mummies, stillborns
miscarriages, weak pigs
increased farrowing house mortality

Question 27

does porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome make sows and gilts sick?

Answer 27

yes: off feed, coughing

Question 28

how is porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome spread?

Answer 28

shedding pigs
aerosol
shared manure handling equipment, trucks
fomites

Question 29

what does pseudorabies look like?

Answer 29

suckling pigs exhibiting convulsions
sows off feed and coughing
cough and sneeze in growing pigs
abortions