Bovine Urogenital Flashcards
why is getting a sterile urine sample of a cow difficult?
suburethral diverticulum
what is the cutoff for clinical ketosis?
> 3 mmol/L
what should you think about for myoglobinuria?
exertional myopathies in downer cows
white muscle disease
what can you feel on rectal palpation in a cow with pyelonephritis?
left kidney enlarged
loss normal lobations, mushy feel, pronounced pulsation, enlarged ureters on ultrasound
what is the vaccine program for leptospirosis?
killed bacterin during outbreak
at 6 month intervals
what can cause sacral nerve injuries?
crushing injuries to sacrum/tail head from being mounted
dystocias
cystitis
how can you prevent urolithiasis?
free choice water
adding NaCl to ration to encourage water consumption
what is the gold standard if a patent urachus is not closed by 24 hours after birth?
surgical resection
remove urachus and small part of apex of bladder
what size hernias are uncomplicated?
small: less than 3 fingers wide
