Diseases of the Oral Cavity of Cattle Flashcards
what causes lumpy jaw/actinomycosis?
normal flora
inoculation under thee mucosa following damage to skin from course feeds or tooth eruption
how can you treat lumpy jaw/actinomycosis?
isoniazid
sodium iodide
organic iodide
systemic penicillin
what causes actinobacillosis/wooden tongue?
Actinobacillus lignieresii
what are the signs of wooden tongue?
acute fever
swollen, firm tongue
salivation
regional lymphadenopathy
who is susceptible to malignant catarrhal fever?
cattle
bison
pigs
wild ruminants
what does malignant catarrhal fever cause?
severe, diffuse, multi-systemic inflammation with vasculitis
multiple organs
is bovine papular stomatitis zoonotic?
yes
where do esophageal obstructions occur?
cranial esophagus
thoracic inlet
base of heart
how can you treat an esophageal obstruction?
relieve bloat
manual removal
external massage
flush
allow spontaneous passage
rumenotomy
surgical removal
who does vesicular stomatitis affect?
cattle
horses
pigs
rarely sheep and goats
what is the incubation of vesicular stomatitis?
9 days
where is vesicular stomatitis endemic?
southwest of USA
is vesicular stomatitis zoonotic?
yes
who is affected by bluetongue?
sheep most severely
cattle reservoir
what are the reproductive consequences of bluetongue?
abortion
resorption
congenital defects
who does foot and mouth disease affect?
cloven-hooved stock: cattle and swine > goats and sheep
horses do not show clinical signs
who can serve as reservoirs of foot and mouth disease?
infected or vaccinated cattle: up to 3.5 years
people for 24 hours
how can you diagnose lumpy jaw?
histology
culture: gram positive, multiple forms
sulfur granules
what is Actinobacillus lignieresii?
gram negative pleomorphic rod
normal flora
how can you diagnose wooden tongue?
histology
culture
sulfur granules
how can you treat wooden tongue?
penicillin
tetracycline
sodium iodide
organic iodide
what causes malignant catarrhal fever?
sheep associated herpesvirus
what is morbidity and mortality of malignant catarrhal fever?
low morbidity
high mortality
what are most exposed cattle with malignant catarrhal fever like?
asymptomatic infections
what are the clinical signs of malignant catarrhal fever?
fever high
depression
lymph node enlargement
what are the forms of malignant catarrhal fever?
peracute
head and eye
acute
chronic
subclinical
what is the head and eye form of malignant catarrhal fever?
oral erosions
ophthalmitis
skin lesions
what form is most common of malignant catarrhal fever?
subclinical
how can you treat malignant catarrhal fever?
supportive care
unrewarding
what causes bovine papular stomatitis?
parapox virus
related to agent of orf and pseudocowpox
who does bovine papular stomatitis affect?
calves
what does bovine papular stomatitis cause?
raised, red papules
muzzles, nares, tongue, lips
what should you differentiate bovine papular stomatitis from?
bovine viral diarrhea virus
raised lesion, not erosions
how can you treat bovine papular stomatitis?
no treatment: will resolve spontaneously
clean better- calf feeders
what can cause an esophageal obstruction?
whole fruits or vegetables
warbles and warts
what are the vesicular diseases?
vesicular stomatitis
foot and mouth disease
bluetongue
how is vesicular stomatitis spread?
multiple arthropod vectors suspected
spread by contact once in herd
what causes vesicular stomatitis?
vesiculovirus
what is morbidity and mortality like of vesicular stomatitis?
high morbidity
low mortality
what causes bluetongue?
orbivirus transmitted by culicoides
who is affected by bluetongue?
sheep severely
cattle reservoir
when is bluetongue prominent?
late summer/fall
what does blue tongue cause?
fever, congetion mucous membranes, secondary pneumonia
burnt muzzle
oral ulceration
coronitis, myositis
reproductive consequences
high morbidity, variable mortality in sheep
what causes foot and mouth disease?
picornavirus
exotic disease
how is foot and mouth disease spread?
travels up to 50 miles in air
usually spread through food waste from endemic area, birds, carrier livestock
infected/vaccinated cattle reservoir up to 3.5 years
people reservoir 24 hours
what are the signs of foot and mouth disease?
vesicular disease oral cavity, feet, teats
fever, anorexia, vesicular lesions
abortions
sudden death in young
what is morbidity and mortality of foot and mouth disease?
high morbidity
low mortality
