Bovine GI: Abomasal and Caudal GI Diseases

Question 1

who are abomasal ulcers very common in?

Answer 1

high-producing dairy herds
first 4-6 weeks of lactation

Question 2

what are the two classifications of abomasal ulcers?

Answer 2

bleeding
perforated with diffuse or local peritonitis

Question 3

what is the most common neoplasia of the abomasum?

Answer 3

lymphosarcoma

Question 4

where does lymphosarcoma have a predisposition for?

Answer 4

right atrium
abomasum
spinal cord
uterus
retrobulbar

Question 5

what is the prognosis of abomasal impactions?

Answer 5

poor

Question 6

what can cause a small intestine obstruction in cattle?

Answer 6

mesenteric torsion
intestinal incarceration
intussusception
foreign body- rare
neoplasia
duodenal sigmoid flexure volvulus

Question 7

what might cattle with intussusceptions have a history of?

Answer 7

casting and rolling followed by an acute onset of clinical signs

Question 8

what can cause intestinal incarceration?

Answer 8

inguinal hernias
umbilical hernias
internal hernias- mesenteric defects
diaphragmatic hernias

Question 9

what happens in hemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

Answer 9

sudden, progressive and massive hemorrhage into jejunum
intraluminal blood clots, obstructive

Question 10

what are the clinical signs with a cecal displacement and volvulus?

Answer 10

TPR usually normal
rumen motility decreased
right PLF ping
rectal exam: gas distended viscus at pelvic inlet

Question 11

what can cause extraluminal rectal compression?

Answer 11

lymphosarcoma
perimetritis
abscesses
hematomas

Question 12

when do calves with atresia coli present?

Answer 12

day 1 or 2 of life

Question 13

what stimulates gastric acid secretion?

Answer 13

low calcium
histamine
high VFA ingesta
stress

Question 14

what is the typical presentation of an abomasal ulcer?

Answer 14

hyperthermic or hypothermic
thin
melena
anemia

Question 15

how can you treat an abomasal ulcer?

Answer 15

drench with water and mag lax powder, then alfalfa meal
mag ox pills
ampicillin

Question 16

what might be the only signs of abomasal neoplasia?

Answer 16

melena
weight loss
poor doer

Question 17

what can cause an abomasal impaction?

Answer 17

fibrous feed/pica
lack of water
neoplasia
focal peritonitis
vagal

Question 18

how common are small intestinal obstructive diseases in cattle?

Answer 18

relatively uncommon

Question 19

what is prognosis of a mesenteric torsion?

Answer 19

poor due to rapid deterioration and onset of shock

Question 20

what is implicated in hemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

Answer 20

Clostridium perfringens type A
high energy rations

Question 21

how can you treat hemorrhagic bowel syndrome?

Answer 21

difficult: cows die 1 hour to 2 days after first signs
fluid therapy, antibiotics
surgery moderately successful

Question 22

what happens in a cecal displacement and volvulus?

Answer 22

cecum becomes atonic, accumulates gas and ingesta and may rotate clockwise or counterclockwise
extent of rotation determines degree of vascular involvement and severity of clinical signs

Question 23

where does a cecal displacement and volvulus ping?

Answer 23

more caudal than RDA on right

Question 24

what is the medical treatment for a cecal displacement and volvulus?

Answer 24

promote cecal motility: calcium, laxatives

Question 25

what are some diseases of the descending colon and rectum?

Answer 25

extraluminal rectal compression
rectal lacerations
atresia ani/coli

Question 26

does atresia coli have a normal rectum and anal sphincter?v

Answer 26

yes