Small Ruminant Surgery

Question 1

what are surgery options for urolithiasis?

Answer 1

urethral process amputation
walpole’s solution
perineal urethrostomy
tube cystostomy

Question 2

what are calcium carbonate stones from?

Answer 2

excess calcium

Question 3

what are most grains high in?

Answer 3

magnesium
phosphorous

Question 4

what should the Ca:Ph ratio be?

Answer 4

1:1 to 2:1
never lower

Question 5

what is the bladder like on ultrasound with an obstruction?

Answer 5

enlarged spherical bladder +/- free abdominal fluid
+/- >7cm

Question 6

what is the urethral process?

Answer 6

1-2 cm extension of thee urethra off the distal end of the glans penis in sheep and goats

Question 7

what is walpole’s solution?

Answer 7

acidifying agent pH 4.5

Question 8

where do you incise for perineal urethrostomy?

Answer 8

where perineum begins to curve cranioventrally

Question 9

when does an animal with a tube cystostomy urinate after surgery?

Answer 9

average 11.5 days
range 4-36 days