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VTNE Review > Surgical Principles > Flashcards

Surgical Principles Flashcards

1
Q
A

Operating Scissors
* cut suture, drape, or any inanimate material
* blunt/blunt ; blunt/sharp ; sharp/sharp
* most common = blunt/sharp

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2
Q
A

Mayo Scissors
* cut dense tissue
* blunt tips

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3
Q
A

Metzenbaum Scissors
* cut delicate tissue
* blunt or pointed ends

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4
Q
A

Iris Scissors
* used for eye surgeries
* small, sharp, and delicate

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5
Q
A

Rat-Tooth Thumb Forceps
* large teeth - 1 fits between 2
* grab skin and place sutures

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6
Q
A

Adson Tissue Forceps
* very fine “teeth” tips
* use on delicate tissue - do minimal damage

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7
Q
A

Brown-Adson Tissue Forceps
* multiple teeth on edges of tips
* use with delicate tissue

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8
Q
A

Russian Tissue Forceps
* long, rounded tips
* hold hollow viscera

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9
Q
A

Dressing Forceps
* no teeth, just serrations
* pick up dressing material

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10
Q
A

Allis Forceps
* interlocking teeth with secure grip
* cause trauma to delicate tissue

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11
Q
A

Babcock Forceps
* similar to Allis, but no teeth
* able to be used on delicate tissue

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12
Q
A

Doyen Intestinal Forceps
* very long jaws
* hold bowel

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13
Q
A

Ferguson Angiotribe Forceps
* thick, blocky jaws
* assist holding large bundles of tissue

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14
Q
A

Sponge Forceps
* tips have circular holes
* hold gauze

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15
Q
A

Backhaus Towel Clamp

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16
Q
A

Roeder Towel Clamp
* similar to Backhaus
* do not puncture as deep
* balls on ends prevent drape sliding

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17
Q
A

Jones Towel Clamp
* lighter weight and more delicate

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18
Q
A

Lorna (Edna) Non-penetrating Towel Clamp
* secure second layer to ground drapes

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19
Q

Hemostats
Function

A

Ligate (close/cut off) vessels and tissues

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20
Q
A

Halsted Mosquito Hemostat
* smallest hemostats - control capillary bleeders
* serrations (going across) covering the entire length of jaw

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21
Q
A

Kelly Hemostats
* grab medium-sized vessels
* serrations only cover partial area of the jaw

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22
Q
A

Crile Hemostats
* grab medium-sized vessels
* slightly larger than halsted mosquito hemostats
* serrations go entire length of jaw

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23
Q
A

Rochester-Pean Hemostats
* clamp large tissue bundles / blood vessels
* serrations run entire length of jaw

24
Q
A

Rochester-Carmalt Hemostat
* clamp large tissue bundles / blood vessels
* longtitudinal serrations with across ones at the tip

25
Q
A

Rochester-Ochsner Hemostat
* similar to Rochester-Pean Hemostats
* has 1:2 teeth at end
* teeth allow better grip on larger tissue bundles

26
Q
A

Needle Holders
* only instrument designed to hold metal
* Olsen-Hegar = scissors
* Mayo-Hegar = no scissors

27
Q
A

Senn Rake Retractor
* double-ended handheld retractor
* for skin and superficial muscle retraction
* one end with 3-pronged points (like rake)

28
Q
A

Army Navy Retractor
* handheld
* used for retracting larger muscle masses
* comes in sets of 2

29
Q
A

Gelpi Retractor
* self-retraining
* retract muscles during orthopedic / neurosurgery procedures

30
Q
A

Weitlaner Retractor
* self-retaining
* similar to Gelpi - just have more tips on the end
* retract muscles during orthopedic / neurosurgery procedures

31
Q
A

Balfour Retractor
* self-retaining
* used in abdominal surgery to hold cavity open
* available in many sizes

32
Q
A

Finochietto Retractor
* self-retaining
* used for thoracic surgeries

33
Q
A

Kern / Richards Forceps
* strong gripping teeth
* used in orthopedic procedures - manipulate bone fractures

34
Q
A

Jacobs Chuck
* used in orthopedic procedures
* advances pin placement

35
Q
A

Lempert Rongeurs
* break up and remove bone

36
Q
A

Liston Bone-Cutting Forceps
* cut bone

37
Q
A

Osteotome
* cut through bone
* stuck by mallets

38
Q
A

Bone Curettes
* sharp edges to remove bone
* end is usually “cup” shape

39
Q
A

Bone Rasps
* smooth rough edges on bone

40
Q
A

Periosteal Elevator
* remove muscle from bone
* releases bone from periosteum

41
Q
A

Scalpel Blades
* 10 = basic; used for incising skin
* 11 = severs ligaments
* 12 = lance abscesses
* 15 = precise, small / curved incisions

42
Q

Scalpel Handle and Blade
Large vs Small Animal

A
  • Small: no. 3 handle w/ 10, 11, 12, or 15 blade
  • Large: no. 4 handle w/ 20 blade
43
Q

Monopolar Electrosurgery

A
  • Electrical current passes through patient and must be diverted away
  • Ground plate diverts current - must be touching patient
  • Saturated sponge between ground plate and patient helps maintain contact
  • Never use alcohol to saturate sponge - will cause burns
44
Q

Bipolar Electrosurgery

A
  • Handpiece looks like thumb forceps
  • Current goes from one tip to another - no need for ground plate
45
Q
A

Groove Director
* assists in guiding incisions

46
Q

Needles
Curved vs Straight

A
  • Curved: most common
  • Straight: limited use; most common for anus sutures
47
Q

Needle Points

A

Cutting vs Tapered
* affects sharpness
* selected based off tissue being sutured

48
Q

Needle
Cutting Point

A

Used for skin, cartilage, or tendons

49
Q

Needle
Taper Point

A

Round or Oval body
* used for tissues that may tear easily
* used when needing sealed suture line

50
Q
A

Simple Interrupted

51
Q
A

Horizontal Mattress

52
Q
A

Vertical Mattress

53
Q
A

Simple Continuous

54
Q
A

Ford Interlocking

55
Q
A

Cruciate Mattress

56
Q

Hand Washing
Process

A
  • Start at the fingers
  • Work up arm just before elbow
  • Always keep hands above elbows - prevents wash from going down onto hands
57
Q

Evisceration

A

Organs move to the outside of the body
* can occur post surgery from wound dehiscense
* ER situation

VTNE Review (31 decks)

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