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VTNE Review > Microbiology and Mycology > Flashcards

Microbiology and Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

8

A

Light Source

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2
Q

7

A

Diaphragm
* controls amount of light
* light condenser found between this and the stage

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3
Q

Nutritive Media

A

Grows all types of bacteria
* also some fungi

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4
Q

Selective Media

A

Grow only certain types of bacteria or fungi

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5
Q

Differential Media

A

Contains elements to differentiate between certain types of bacteria

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6
Q

Agar

A

Semisolid media

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7
Q

Broth

A

Liquid media

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8
Q

Plate

A

Flat, round container of agar

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9
Q

Tube

A

Screw-top container
* can have either broth or agar

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10
Q

Slant

A

Tube of agar allowed to gel at an angle

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11
Q

Culture
Types of Areas

A
  • Sterile
  • Nonsterile
  • Abscessed
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12
Q

Shipping Culture Samples

A
  • Refrigerate to keep samples viable
  • Do not freeze
  • Screw-top containers should be taped closed
  • Plates can become damaged during transit - do not ship
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13
Q

Acid-Fast Stain

A

Determine if bacteria are positive or negative based on cell walls

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14
Q

Catalase Test

A

First test used on all gram-positive cocci
* differentiate between Staphylococcus vs Streptococcus
* Staph = catalase positive
* Strep = catalase negative

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15
Q

Gram Stains

A

Differentiates gram negative and positive bacteria
* positive = retain crystal voilet stain
* negative = retain safranin stain

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16
Q

Gram-Positive Cocci
Examples

A
  • Staphylococcus
  • Streptococcus
  • Micrococci
17
Q

Streptococcus
a Hemolysis

A

Alpha / Incomplete Hemolysis
* agar around colony is green

18
Q

Streptococcus
B Hemolysis

A

Beta / Complete Hemolysis
* agar around colony is clear

19
Q

Streptococcus
y Hemolysis

A

Gamma / No Hemolysis
* agar around colony is not affected

20
Q

Streptococcus
Double Zone

A

Double zone of hemolysis seen only with S. intermedius

21
Q

Micrococci

A
  • Environmental bacteria
  • Do not often cause disease
22
Q

Moraxella bovis

A

Causes pinkeye in cattle

23
Q

Gram-Negative Rods

A

Most are enteric bacteria (found in the gut)

24
Q

Fusobacterium spp.

A
  • Normal in oral cavity and intestinal tract
  • Can cause infection in dog / cat bites
  • Causes thrush in horses
  • Causes foot rot in cattle
25
Q

Bacillus anthracis

A

Do not attempt to culture in clinic!
* cattle / sheep: sudden death
* humans: lung and skin lesions

26
Q

Rhodococcus equi

A
  • Previously Corynebacterium equi
  • Pathogenic
  • Causes foal pneumonia
27
Q

Lump Jaw
Cause

A
  • Nocardia
  • Actinomyces
28
Q

Mycobacterium spp.

A

Difficult to culture and takes a long time
* M. tuberculosis: pneumonia in humans
* M. avium: fatal GI and respiratory infection in birds
* M. pseudotuberculosis: Johne’s disease in cattle

29
Q

Mycoplasma spp.

A
  • Lack cell wall - do not stain easily
  • Causes pneumonia and arthritis

VTNE Review (31 decks)

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