Superficial Back and Shoulders Flashcards
1
Q
Latissimus dorsi nerve
A
Thoracodorsal (C6-C8) nerve
2
Q
Latissimus dorsi origin (4)
A
T6-12, thoracolumbar fashia, iliac crest, lower ribs
3
Q
Latissimus dorsi insertion
A
Intertubercular groove of humerus
4
Q
Latissimus dorsi action (3)
A
Adducts, extends and medially rotates humerus
5
Q
Trapezius nerve
A
Spinal accessory XI
6
Q
Trapezius origin (4)
A
External occipital protruberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12
7
Q
Trapezius insertion (3)
A
Acromion, spine of scapula, lateral third of clavicle
8
Q
Trapezius action (4)
A
Adducts and rotates scapula, upper part elevates scapula, lower part depresses scapula
9
Q
Levator scapulae nerve
A
Nerve to levator scapulae
10
Q
Levator scapulae origin
A
Transverse processes of C1-C4
11
Q
Levator scapulae insertion
A
Superior medial border of scapula
12
Q
Levator scapulae action (2)
A
Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid inferiorly
13
Q
Rhomboid min/maj nerve
A
dorsal scapular nerve
14
Q
Rhomboid minor origin
A
Spinous processes of C7-T1
15
Q
Rhomboid min/maj insertion
A
Medial border of scapula
16
Q
Rhomboid min/maj action
A
Retract (adducts) scapula
17
Q
Rhomboid maj origin
A
Spinous processes of T2-T5
18
Q
Serratus anterior nerve
A
Long thoracic nerve, originating at C5,6,7
19
Q
Serratus anterior origin
A
Ribs 1-8
20
Q
Serratus anterior insertion
A
Medial border of scapula
21
Q
Serratus anterior action
A
Holds scapula against thorax
22
Q
Deltoid nerve
A
Axillary nerve
23
Q
Deltoid origin (3)
A
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
24
Q
Deltoid insertion
A
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
25
Deltoid Action (3)
Anterior: Flexion and medial rotation of humerus. Middle: Abduction of humerus
Posterior: Extension and lateral rotation of humerus
26
Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus nerve
Suprascapular nerve
27
Supraspinatus origin
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
28
Supraspinatus/Infraspinatus insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
29
Supraspinatus action
Initiates abduction of humerus
30
Infraspinatus origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
31
Infraspinatus action
Lateral rotation of humerus
32
Subscapularis origin
Subscapular fossa on anterior surface of scapula
33
Subscapularis insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus
34
Subscapularis action
Medial rotation and adduction of humerus
35
Teres major nerve
Lower subscapular nerve
36
Teres major origin
Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
37
Teres major action (2)
Adduction and medial rotation of humerus
38
Teres major insertion
Medial lip of intertubcular groove
39
Teres minor nerve
Axillary nerve
40
Teres minor origin
Superior portion of lateral border of scapula
41
Teres minor insertion
Greater tubercle of humerus
42
Teres minor action
Lateral rotation of humerus
43
3 Margins of Scapula
Medial, lateral, superior
44
3 Angles of Scapula
Superior, inferior, lateral (glenoid fossa)
45
Scapula Function
Stabilize upper extremity through muscle attachments
46
4 Fossas of Scapula
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, glenoid, and subscapular
47
Scapular notch
Little valley on superior margin of scapula, adjacent to coracoid process
48
Subscapular fossa
Main area of anterior side of scapula
49
Head of humerus
Top area of humerus until surgical neck
50
Greater tubercle
Larger, lateral protrusion on head of humerus
51
Lesser tubercle
Smaller, medial protrusion on head of humerus
52
Anatomical neck of humerus
Just above tubercles of humerus
53
Surgical neck of humerus
Just below tubercles of humerus
54
Intertubercular groove
Groove between tubercles on humerus
55
Deltoid tuberosity
Little bump about halfway down lateral edge of humerus
56
6 Parts of Acromioclavicular Joint
Articular capsule, Acromioclavicular ligaments (superior and inferior), Coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid), articular disk
57
Articular capsule
Envelope surrounding a joint, including acromioclavicular joint
58
Conoid coracoclavicular ligament
More medial ligament attaching coracoid process and clavicle
59
Trapezoid coracoclavicular ligament
More lateral ligament attaching coracoid process and clavicle
60
Articular disk
Thin piece of fibrocartilage that separates synovial cavities in joints
61
4 Parts of Glenhumeral Joint
Capsular (glenohumeral) ligament, Transverse ligament of the humerus, Coracoacromial Ligament, Glenoid labrum
62
Glenohumeral ligaments
Run anteriorly to attach scapula and humerus
63
Transverse ligament of the humerus
Crosses over intertubercular groove to turn it into a canal
64
Tendon of long head of biceps
Inserts in intertubercular groove right under transverse ligament of the humerus to become part of the capsular ligament of the glenohumeral joint
65
Glenoid labrum
Cartilaginous ring extending around glenoid cavity, deepening the socket
66
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis
67
Boundaries of Axillary Artery
First rib-inferior border of teres major
68
Suprascapular artery
Comes off thyrocervical trunk off subclavian a. and goes over transverse scapular ligament to supply blood to supraspinatus/infraspinatus
69
Deep branch of transverse scapular artery (dorsal scapular artery)
Comes off thyrocervical trunk just above suprascapular artery and goes over shoulder, under levator scapulae and follows medial margin of scapula to supply blood to trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid major and minor
70
Subscapular artery
Comes off last 3rd of axillary artery, supplies subscapularis, and breaks into scapular circumflex artery and thoracodorsal artery
71
Scapular circumflex artery
Comes off subscapular artery, hugs lateral margin of scapula and supplies subscapularis, teres minor, and teres major
72
Thoracodorsal artery
Comes off subscapular artery and runs to latissimus dorsi along w/ thoracodorsal nerve
73
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
Comes off axillary artery (before posterior humeral circumflex artery), wraps around humerus, and supplies latissimus dorsi (?)
74
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
Comes off axillary artery (after anterior humeral circumflex artery), goes through quadrangular space and breaks into ascending and descending branches and it wraps around humerus, and helps feed deltoid and teres minor
75
Scapular Arterial Anastomosis (2)
Proximal component: suprascapular a., deep branch of transverse cervical a., and distal component: subscapular a.
76
Cutaneous Innervation of Shoulder/Back (3)
Supraclavicular n., axillary n., and posterior primary rami
77
Suprascapular nerve
Travels under superior transverse scapular ligament and innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus
78
Dorsal scapular nerve
Branch of transverse cervical nerve, innervates leviator scapulae, rhomboid minor and major
79
Axillary nerve
Runs through quadrangular space and innervates teres minor and deltoid
80
Upper subscapular nerves
Innervate subscapularis
81
Lower subscapular nerves
Innervate subscapularis and teres major
82
Long thoracic nerve
From C5-7, travels down posterior wall to supply serratus anterior
83
Boundaries of quadrangular space
Lat: Humerus. Med: Long head of triceps brachii. Sup: Teres minor. Inf: Teres major
84
Contents of quadrangular space
Axillary n. and posterior humeral circumflex artery
85
Boundaries of triangular interval
Med: Long head of triceps brachii. Lat: Humerus. Sup: Teres major
86
Contents of triangular interval
Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery
87
Boundaries of triangular space
Lat: Long head of triceps brachii. Sup: Teres minor. Inf: Teres major
88
Contents of triangular space
Branch of scapular circumflex artery
89
Shoulder Dislocation (2)
Anterior most common, can have subluxation (partial dislocation)
90
Bursitis
Inflammation of bursa, can calcify
91
2 shoulder nerve injuries
Spinal accessory nerve - shoulder depressed and can't shrug bc trapezius disabled, or get arm above 90 deg
Long thoracic nerve - lose serratus anterior so get winged scapula
92
Supraspinatus muscle injury
Can't initiate raising of the arm
