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Anatomy > Superficial Back and Shoulders > Flashcards

Superficial Back and Shoulders Flashcards

1
Q

Latissimus dorsi nerve

A

Thoracodorsal (C6-C8) nerve

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2
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin (4)

A

T6-12, thoracolumbar fashia, iliac crest, lower ribs

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3
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Intertubercular groove of humerus

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4
Q

Latissimus dorsi action (3)

A

Adducts, extends and medially rotates humerus

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5
Q

Trapezius nerve

A

Spinal accessory XI

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6
Q

Trapezius origin (4)

A

External occipital protruberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12

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7
Q

Trapezius insertion (3)

A

Acromion, spine of scapula, lateral third of clavicle

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8
Q

Trapezius action (4)

A

Adducts and rotates scapula, upper part elevates scapula, lower part depresses scapula

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9
Q

Levator scapulae nerve

A

Nerve to levator scapulae

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10
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

Transverse processes of C1-C4

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11
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

Superior medial border of scapula

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12
Q

Levator scapulae action (2)

A

Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid inferiorly

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13
Q

Rhomboid min/maj nerve

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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14
Q

Rhomboid minor origin

A

Spinous processes of C7-T1

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15
Q

Rhomboid min/maj insertion

A

Medial border of scapula

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16
Q

Rhomboid min/maj action

A

Retract (adducts) scapula

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17
Q

Rhomboid maj origin

A

Spinous processes of T2-T5

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18
Q

Serratus anterior nerve

A

Long thoracic nerve, originating at C5,6,7

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19
Q

Serratus anterior origin

A

Ribs 1-8

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20
Q

Serratus anterior insertion

A

Medial border of scapula

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21
Q

Serratus anterior action

A

Holds scapula against thorax

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22
Q

Deltoid nerve

A

Axillary nerve

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23
Q

Deltoid origin (3)

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

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24
Q

Deltoid insertion

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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25
Q

Deltoid Action (3)

A

Anterior: Flexion and medial rotation of humerus. Middle: Abduction of humerus
Posterior: Extension and lateral rotation of humerus

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26
Q

Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus nerve

A

Suprascapular nerve

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27
Q

Supraspinatus origin

A

Supraspinous fossa of scapula

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28
Q

Supraspinatus/Infraspinatus insertion

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

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29
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Initiates abduction of humerus

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30
Q

Infraspinatus origin

A

Infraspinous fossa of scapula

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31
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

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32
Q

Subscapularis origin

A

Subscapular fossa on anterior surface of scapula

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33
Q

Subscapularis insertion

A

Lesser tubercle of humerus

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34
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medial rotation and adduction of humerus

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35
Q

Teres major nerve

A

Lower subscapular nerve

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36
Q

Teres major origin

A

Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula

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37
Q

Teres major action (2)

A

Adduction and medial rotation of humerus

38
Q

Teres major insertion

A

Medial lip of intertubcular groove

39
Q

Teres minor nerve

A

Axillary nerve

40
Q

Teres minor origin

A

Superior portion of lateral border of scapula

41
Q

Teres minor insertion

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

42
Q

Teres minor action

A

Lateral rotation of humerus

43
Q

3 Margins of Scapula

A

Medial, lateral, superior

44
Q

3 Angles of Scapula

A

Superior, inferior, lateral (glenoid fossa)

45
Q

Scapula Function

A

Stabilize upper extremity through muscle attachments

46
Q

4 Fossas of Scapula

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, glenoid, and subscapular

47
Q

Scapular notch

A

Little valley on superior margin of scapula, adjacent to coracoid process

48
Q

Subscapular fossa

A

Main area of anterior side of scapula

49
Q

Head of humerus

A

Top area of humerus until surgical neck

50
Q

Greater tubercle

A

Larger, lateral protrusion on head of humerus

51
Q

Lesser tubercle

A

Smaller, medial protrusion on head of humerus

52
Q

Anatomical neck of humerus

A

Just above tubercles of humerus

53
Q

Surgical neck of humerus

A

Just below tubercles of humerus

54
Q

Intertubercular groove

A

Groove between tubercles on humerus

55
Q

Deltoid tuberosity

A

Little bump about halfway down lateral edge of humerus

56
Q

6 Parts of Acromioclavicular Joint

A

Articular capsule, Acromioclavicular ligaments (superior and inferior), Coracoclavicular ligaments (conoid and trapezoid), articular disk

57
Q

Articular capsule

A

Envelope surrounding a joint, including acromioclavicular joint

58
Q

Conoid coracoclavicular ligament

A

More medial ligament attaching coracoid process and clavicle

59
Q

Trapezoid coracoclavicular ligament

A

More lateral ligament attaching coracoid process and clavicle

60
Q

Articular disk

A

Thin piece of fibrocartilage that separates synovial cavities in joints

61
Q

4 Parts of Glenhumeral Joint

A

Capsular (glenohumeral) ligament, Transverse ligament of the humerus, Coracoacromial Ligament, Glenoid labrum

62
Q

Glenohumeral ligaments

A

Run anteriorly to attach scapula and humerus

63
Q

Transverse ligament of the humerus

A

Crosses over intertubercular groove to turn it into a canal

64
Q

Tendon of long head of biceps

A

Inserts in intertubercular groove right under transverse ligament of the humerus to become part of the capsular ligament of the glenohumeral joint

65
Q

Glenoid labrum

A

Cartilaginous ring extending around glenoid cavity, deepening the socket

66
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

67
Q

Boundaries of Axillary Artery

A

First rib-inferior border of teres major

68
Q

Suprascapular artery

A

Comes off thyrocervical trunk off subclavian a. and goes over transverse scapular ligament to supply blood to supraspinatus/infraspinatus

69
Q

Deep branch of transverse scapular artery (dorsal scapular artery)

A

Comes off thyrocervical trunk just above suprascapular artery and goes over shoulder, under levator scapulae and follows medial margin of scapula to supply blood to trapezius, levator scapulae, and rhomboid major and minor

70
Q

Subscapular artery

A

Comes off last 3rd of axillary artery, supplies subscapularis, and breaks into scapular circumflex artery and thoracodorsal artery

71
Q

Scapular circumflex artery

A

Comes off subscapular artery, hugs lateral margin of scapula and supplies subscapularis, teres minor, and teres major

72
Q

Thoracodorsal artery

A

Comes off subscapular artery and runs to latissimus dorsi along w/ thoracodorsal nerve

73
Q

Anterior humeral circumflex artery

A

Comes off axillary artery (before posterior humeral circumflex artery), wraps around humerus, and supplies latissimus dorsi (?)

74
Q

Posterior humeral circumflex artery

A

Comes off axillary artery (after anterior humeral circumflex artery), goes through quadrangular space and breaks into ascending and descending branches and it wraps around humerus, and helps feed deltoid and teres minor

75
Q

Scapular Arterial Anastomosis (2)

A

Proximal component: suprascapular a., deep branch of transverse cervical a., and distal component: subscapular a.

76
Q

Cutaneous Innervation of Shoulder/Back (3)

A

Supraclavicular n., axillary n., and posterior primary rami

77
Q

Suprascapular nerve

A

Travels under superior transverse scapular ligament and innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus

78
Q

Dorsal scapular nerve

A

Branch of transverse cervical nerve, innervates leviator scapulae, rhomboid minor and major

79
Q

Axillary nerve

A

Runs through quadrangular space and innervates teres minor and deltoid

80
Q

Upper subscapular nerves

A

Innervate subscapularis

81
Q

Lower subscapular nerves

A

Innervate subscapularis and teres major

82
Q

Long thoracic nerve

A

From C5-7, travels down posterior wall to supply serratus anterior

83
Q

Boundaries of quadrangular space

A

Lat: Humerus. Med: Long head of triceps brachii. Sup: Teres minor. Inf: Teres major

84
Q

Contents of quadrangular space

A

Axillary n. and posterior humeral circumflex artery

85
Q

Boundaries of triangular interval

A

Med: Long head of triceps brachii. Lat: Humerus. Sup: Teres major

86
Q

Contents of triangular interval

A

Radial nerve and profunda brachii artery

87
Q

Boundaries of triangular space

A

Lat: Long head of triceps brachii. Sup: Teres minor. Inf: Teres major

88
Q

Contents of triangular space

A

Branch of scapular circumflex artery

89
Q

Shoulder Dislocation (2)

A

Anterior most common, can have subluxation (partial dislocation)

90
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of bursa, can calcify

91
Q

2 shoulder nerve injuries

A

Spinal accessory nerve - shoulder depressed and can’t shrug bc trapezius disabled, or get arm above 90 deg
Long thoracic nerve - lose serratus anterior so get winged scapula

92
Q

Supraspinatus muscle injury

A

Can’t initiate raising of the arm

Anatomy (28 decks)

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