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Anatomy > Forearm and Hand > Flashcards

Forearm and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Proximal Row of Carpal Bones (lat-med)

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform

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2
Q

Distal Row of Carpal Bones (lat-med)

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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3
Q

3 Parts of Metacarpal

A

Base, body, head

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4
Q

3 Phalanges

A

Proximal, middle, distal

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5
Q

Extensor Retinaculum (2)

A

Transverse ligament on posterior surface of wrist that holds tendons down
Has 6 tendon compartments w/ synovial sheaths

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6
Q

Transverse carpal ligament

A

Ligament on anterior surface of wrist that forms the carpal tunnel that tendons + median nerve run through

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7
Q

3 Phalangeal Joints

A

Metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and distal interphalangeal

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8
Q

4 Muscles of the Superficial Group of Flexor Forearm (lat-med)

A

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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9
Q

Origin of Superficial Flexor Forearm Muscles

A

Common tendon at the medial epicondyle

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10
Q

Palmar Aponeurosis

A

Thickening on palm

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11
Q

Middle Group Muscle of Flexor Forearm

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis

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12
Q

3 Muscles of Deep Group of Flexor Forearm (lat-med)

A

Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor digitorum profundus
Pronator quadratus muscles

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13
Q

Origin of Deep Group of Flexor Forearm (2)

A

Ulna and interosseus membrane

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14
Q

Innervation of Flexors of the Forearm (3)

A

By the median n.
Exceptions: flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar nerve)
Superficial and middle group innervated directly by median n., deep by anterior interosseous branch of median n.

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15
Q

5 Branchings of Radial Artery

A 
Radial recurrent artery
Muscular branch - superficial extensors
Palmar carpal branch
Superficial palmar branch
Deep palmar arch
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16
Q

Radial Pulse

A

Can feel pulse from radial a. as it dives deep on lateral side to go to deep palmar arch

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17
Q

Common interosseous artery

A

Comes off ulnar a., splits around interosseous membrane to form anterior and posterior interosseous arteries. Supplies deep part of flexor and all of extensor region (via posterior interosseous)

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18
Q

6 Branchings of Ulnar Artery

A 
Ulnar recurrent arteries (ant. and post.)
Common interosseous a.
Muscular Branches - superficial flexors
Dorsal and Palmar Carpal Branches
Superficial Palmar Arch
Deep Palmar Arch
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19
Q

Posterior Interosseous Artery (3)

A

Comes off common interosseous artery, supplies deep extensors, and gives off interosseous recurrent artery

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20
Q

Anterior Interosseous Artery (3)

A

Comes off common interosseous artery, has post. and ant. branch, and supplies deep flexors

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21
Q

Median Artery

A

Anomalous a. that sometimes comes off brachial or radial a. and follows median nerve down

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22
Q

6 Muscles of Superficial Group of Extensor Forearm (lat-med)

A 
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
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23
Q

Origin of Superficial Group of Extensor Forearm

A

Common tendon at lateral epicondyle

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24
Q

5 Muscles of Deep Group of Extensor Forearm (lat-med)

A

Supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, and extensor indicis muscles

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25
3 Structures of the Phalangeal Insertions (& descriptions)
Extensor expansion - tendons going into the phallanges Extensor hood - sheath covering these tendons Intertendinous connections - connections between tendons of adjacent digits that impede individual movement
26
Innervation of Extensor Forearm (4)
Radial nerve innervates all extensor forearm muscles Superficial nerve - cutaneous Deep nerve - muscular Posterior interosseous nerve - muscular
27
Radial Artery Supplies and Branches in Hand (4)
Superficial extensor muscles Dorsal carpal artery 1st dorsal metacarpal artery Deep palmer arch
28
Radial Artery Activities in Hand (3)
Gives off dorsal carpal arch that gives off dorsal metacarpal arteries (supplying digits) and dives through to form deep palmar arch
29
3 Thenar Compartment Muscles
Lateral: abductor pollicis brevis Medial: flexor pollicis brevis Deep: Opponens pollicis
30
Innervation of Thenar Compartment Muscles
Recurrent branch of median nerve
31
5 Items of the Central Compartment
``` Tendons of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis/Profundus Vincula longa and brevia Lumbrical muscles Adductor pollicis muscle Interosseous muscle ```
32
Palmar interosseous muscles
Unipenate adductors on 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits
33
Dorsal interosseous muscles
Bipenate abductors for 2nd, 3rd (2), and 4th digits
34
3 Muscles of Hypothenar Compartment
Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi
35
Cutaneous Innervation of Hand - Median Nerve (3)
Radial half of palm to radial side of 4th digit Overlaps digits to nailbeds on dorsal hand Palmar cutaneous branch innervates thenar eminence
36
4 Muscular Innervations of Median Nerve in Hand
Lateral lumbrical muscles | Thenar muscles - opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis
37
Cutaneous Innervation of Hand - Ulnar Nerve - (2)
All of 5th digit and medial half of 4th digit | On both palmar and dorsal hand
38
6 Muscular Innervations of Ulnar Nerve in Hand
Medial lumbrical muscles Hypothenar muscles - abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, opponens digiti minimi Adductor pollicis muscle 7 Interosseous Muscles
39
Ulnar Artery Blood Supply to the Hand (5)
Has palmar and dorsal carpal branches. and a deep palmar branch. The rest mainly forms the superficial palmar arch, which gives rise to the common palmar digital arteries going to the digits which split into the proper palmar digital arteries lining the digits
40
Radial Artery Blood Supply to the Hand (6)
Has a palmar carpal branch, and a superficial palmar branch that anastomoses with superficial palmar arch from the ulnar artery. Mainly forms the deep palmar arch which gives rise to the palmar metacarpal arteries. Also has two specialized branches: princeps pollicis artery and radialis indicis artery.
41
Pronator teres nerve
Median
42
Pronator teres origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus
43
Pronator teres insertion
Lateral surface of radius
44
Pronator teres action
Pronates forearm
45
Pronator quadratus nerve
Median - anterior interosseous nerve
46
Pronator quadratus origin
Medial, anterior, distal ulna
47
Pronator quadratus insertion
Lateral, anterior, distal radius
48
Pronator quadratus action
Primary pronator of forearm
49
Flexor carpi radialis nerve
Median
50
Flexor carpi radialis origin
Medial epicondyle of humerus
51
Flexor carpi radialis insertion
Base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
52
Flexor carpi radialis action
Flexes wrist and abducts hand
53
Flexor carpi ulnaris nerve
Ulnar
54
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin (2)
Humeral head - medial epicondyle | Ulnar head - olecranon process and proximal posterior ulna
55
Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion (3)
Pisiform, hook of hamate, and base of 5th metacarpal
56
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
Flexes wrist and adducts hand
57
Palmaris longus nerve
Median
58
Palmaris longus origin
Medial epicondyle
59
Palmaris longus insertion
Flexor retinaculum/palmar aponeurosis
60
Palmaris longus actions
Tenses palmar fascia
61
Flexor digitorum superficialis nerve
Median
62
Flexor digitorum superficialis origin (2)
Humeral head: medial epicondyle and medial margin of coronoid process
63
Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
4 tendons - 2 slips each which enter into sides of middle phalanges of digits 2-5
64
Flexor digitorum superficialis action
Flexes wrist and middle phalanges
65
Flexor digitorum profundus nerves
Ulnar and Median
66
Flexor digitorum profundus origin
Anterior, medial, proximal ulna and interosseous membrane
67
Flexor digitorum profundus insertion
Four tendons into anterior surface of digits 2-5
68
Flexor digitorum profundus actions
Flexes distal phalangeal joints and assists in wrist flexion
69
Flexor pollicis longus nerve
Median
70
Flexor pollicis longus origin (2)
Anterior surface of radius, interosseous membrane
71
Flexor pollicis longus insertion
Palmar surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
72
Flexor pollicis longus action
Flexes thumb
73
Supinator nerve
Radial
74
Supinator origin
Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral and annular ligaments
75
Supinator insertion
Lateral upper radius
76
Supinator action
Supinates forearm
77
Extensor carpi radialis longus nerve
Radial
78
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
Lateral epicondyle
79
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
Base of 2nd metacarpal
80
Extensor carpi radialis longus action (2)
Extends wrist and abducts hand
81
Extensor carpi radialis brevis nerve
Radial
82
Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
Lateral epicondyle, radial collateral ligament
83
Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
Base of 3rd metacarpal
84
Extensor carpi radialis brevis action (2)
Extends wrist and abducts hand
85
Extensor carpi ulnaris nerve
Radial
86
Extensor carpi ulnaris origin
Lateral epicondyle and posterior sulface of the ulna
87
Extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
Base of 5th metacarpal
88
Extensor carpi ulnaris action (2)
Extends wrist and adducts hand
89
Extensor digitorum nerve
Radial
90
Extensor digitorum origin
Lateral epicondyle
91
Extensor digitorum insertion
Extensor expansions of digits 2-5
92
Extensor digitorum actions
Extends fingers and hands
93
Extensor indicis nerve
Radial
94
Extensor indicis origin
Post. surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
95
Extensor indicis insertion
Extensor expansion of index finger
96
Extensor indicis action
Extends middle finger at metacarpophalangeal joint
97
Extensor digiti minimi nerve
Radial
98
Extensor digiti minimi origin
Lateral epicondyle
99
Extensor digiti minimi insertion
Extensor expansion of small finger
100
Extensor digiti minimi action
Extends small finger
101
Abductor pollicis longus nerve
Radial
102
Abductor pollicis longus origin (2)
Interosseous membrane, middle post. surfaces of radius and ulna
103
Abductor pollicis longus insertion
Base of 1st metacarpal
104
Abductor pollicis longus action
Abducts thumb
105
Extensor pollicis brevis nerve
Radial
106
Extensor pollicis brevis origin (2)
Post. interosseous membrane and middle radius
107
Extensor pollicis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
108
Extensor pollicis brevis action
Extends proximal phalanx of thumb
109
Extensor pollicis longus nerve
Radial
110
Extensor pollicis longus origin (2)
Post. interosseous membrane and middle ulna
111
Extensor pollicis longus insertion
Base of distal phalanx of thumb
112
Extensor pollicis longus action
Extends distal phalanx of thumb
113
Brachioradialis nerve
Radial
114
Brachioradialis origin
Lateral supracondylar ridge
115
Brachioradialis insertion
Styloid process of radius
116
Brachioradialis action
Flexes forearm
117
Abductor pollicis brevis nerve
Recurrent branch of median
118
Abductor pollicis brevis origin
Tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid
119
Abductor pollicis brevis insertion
Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
120
Abductor pollicis brevis action
Abducts and assists opposition of thumb
121
Flexor pollicis brevis nerve
Recurrent branch of the median
122
Flexor pollicis brevis origin
Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
123
Flexor pollicis brevis insertion
Radial side of base of proximal phalanx
124
Flexor pollicis brevis action
Flexes proximal phalanx of thumb
125
Opponens pollicis nerve
Recurrent branch of the median nerve
126
Opponens pollicis origin
Flexor retinaculum and trapezium
127
Opponens pollicis insertion
Anterior radial 1st metacarpal
128
Opponens pollicis action
Opposes thumb
129
Abductor digiti minimi nerve
Ulnar

Anatomy (28 decks)

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