Larynx

Question 1

Structural Makeup of Larynx (2)

Answer 1

1 bony structure (hyoid bone) and everything else cartilaginous

Question 2

Laryngeal prominence of thyroid cartilage

Answer 2

Adam’s apple for resonance

Question 3

Superior horn of thyroid cartilage

Answer 3

Stick up on lateral sides

Question 4

Inferior horn of thyroid cartilage

Answer 4

Stick down on lateral sides

Question 5

Thyroid notch

Answer 5

V shape going into laryngeal prominence

Question 6

Oblique line

Answer 6

Line at lateral edges of laminae where many muscles attach

Question 7

Laminae

Answer 7

Anterior surfaces of thyroid cartilage

Question 8

Cricoid Cartilage Shape (2)

Answer 8

“Signet ring,” large in back and small in front.

Only complete circle in respiratory system

Question 9

Cricoid cartilage functions

Answer 9

Decides what can fall into the lungs and not

Question 10

Epiglottic Cartilage (2)

Answer 10

Leaf shaped elastic cartilage

Attached to thyroid cartilage

Question 11

Arytenoid Cartilages (2)

Answer 11

Little paired cartilages above cricoid cartilage (posterior section) and behind thyroid cartilage where vocal ligament attaches

Question 12

2 Processes of Arytenoid Cartilage

Answer 12

Muscular process projecting lateral

Vocal process projecting anteriorly where vocal ligaments come off

Question 13

Corniculate Cartilages

Answer 13

Give a little structural support to epiglottic fold

Question 14

Cartilago Triticea

Answer 14

Little cartilaginous structure stuck in posterior part of thyrohyoid membrane giving added support

Question 15

Thyrohyoid membrane

Answer 15

Ligamentous membrane connecting hyoid and thyroid cartilage

Question 16

Hyoepiglotic Membrane Location/Function

Answer 16

B/w hyoid and epiglottis and prevents it from bending too far over

Question 17

Cricothyroid ligament

Answer 17

B/w thyroid and cricoid cartilage

Question 18

Tracheotomy Location

Answer 18

Cricothyroid ligament

Question 19

Vocal Fold

Answer 19

Intrinsic tissue under vestibular fold that contains vocal ligament

Question 20

Cricothyroid m.s

Answer 20

Angles thyroid more anteriorly which tenses vocal folds

Question 21

Innervation of Larynx Muscles (2)

Answer 21

All by recurrent laryngeal n. of vagus except cricothyroid m.s which are innervated by external laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal n. by vagus

Question 22

6 Paired Muscles of Larynx

Answer 22

Cricothyroid m.s
Posterior cricoarytenoid m.s
Oblique arytenoid (aryepiglottic) m.s
Lateral cricoarytenoid m.s
Thyroarytenoid m.s
Thyroepiglottic m.s

Question 23

Unpaired Muscle of Larynx

Answer 23

Transverse arytenoid m.

Question 24

Vocalis m. (description and function)

Answer 24

Subdivision of thyroarytenoid that doesn’t make it all the way to arytenoid but attaches to vocal ligament, tightening posterior part but loosening anterior part to create different vocal sounds

Question 25

Action of Posterior Cricoarytenoid m.s

Answer 25

Open vocal ligaments

Question 26

Renoglottis

Answer 26

Space b/w vocal folds/ligaments

Question 27

Action of Lateral cricoarytenoid m.s

Answer 27

Close vocal ligaments

Question 28

Action of Transverse arytenoid m.

Answer 28

Close vocal ligaments

Question 29

Action of Thyroarytenoid and vocalis m.s

Answer 29

Generally relax vocal ligaments

Question 30

Sensory Innervation of Larynx (2)

Answer 30

Above vocal folds: internal laryngeal branch of superior laryngeal n. (X) Below vocal folds: Recurrent laryngeal n. (X)

Question 31

Arterial Supply of Larynx (2)

Answer 31

Superior laryngeal branch of superior thyroid a. | Inferior laryngeal branch of inferior thyroid a.

Question 32

Laryngeal aditus

Answer 32

Opening of larynx made by epiglottis and aryepiglottic folds

Question 33

Epiglottic valleculi

Answer 33

Spaces b/w epiglottis and tongue b/w median and 2 lateral glossoepiglotic folds

Question 34

Larynx Internal Structure (7 Superior-Inferior)

Answer 34

``` Vestibule Vestibular folds Laryngeal ventricles Vocal folds Rima glottidis Infraglottic space Trachea ```

Question 35

Loss of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (2)

Answer 35

Only muscle left will be cricothyroid m. which can only tense vocal folds, sensation loss and damage to speaking Have to be careful when removing thyroid for this reason

Question 36

Carcinoma of Larynx

Answer 36

Can have to remove parts, use vocal box to speak