Anterior Thorax

Question 1

Costal Margin

Answer 1

Edge of most inferior costal cartilage

Question 2

Jugular Notch

Answer 2

Most superior edge of sternum

Question 3

Manubrium

Answer 3

Part of sternum between jugular notch and sternal angle

Question 4

Sternal Angle (+ location)

Answer 4

Point where manubrium meets sternal body (2nd rib + T4)

Question 5

Xiphisternal Joint

Answer 5

Point where xiphoid process attaches to sternal body/where costal cartilage meets body

Question 6

Xiphoid Process

Answer 6

Part of sternum that sticks out below xiphisternal joint

Question 7

Sternoclavicular Joint

Answer 7

Point where sternum and clavicle meet

Question 8

Acromion Process

Answer 8

Posterior process extending from superior scapula

Question 9

Coracoid Process

Answer 9

Anterior process extending from scapula

Question 10

Male Nipple Location (2)

Answer 10

4th intercostal space on midclavicular line/T4 dermatome

Question 11

Suspensory (Cooper’s) Ligaments

Answer 11

White strands extending from pectoralis fascia on pectoralis major

Question 12

Mammary Pathway

Answer 12

(15-20) glandular lobes->lactiferous ducts->lactiferous sinuses->(15-20) open onto surface of nipple

Question 13

Areolar (Montgomery) Glands

Answer 13

Sebaceous glands on areola

Question 14

Mammary Gland Lymphatic Drainage (2.2)

Answer 14

75% Axillary Nodes (pectoral, apical)

Parasternal Nodes

Question 15

Pectoral Axillary Nodes

Answer 15

4 of 5 glands along lower border of pectoralis minor, in relation w/ lateral thoracic artery

Question 16

Apical Axillary Nodes

Answer 16

6-12 glands partly posterior and superior to pectoralis minor

Question 17

Parasternal Lymph Nodes

Answer 17

Follow medial portion of breast

Question 18

3 Innervates of Mammary Gland

Answer 18

Supraclavicular nn. from above, intercostal nn., lateral mammary branches, intercostal nn., medial mammary branches

Question 19

Lateral Cutaneous Branch of Intercostal nn.

Answer 19

Separates ant. and post. branch of intercostal nn.

Question 20

3 Dermatome Landmarks

Answer 20

T1 - above sternal angle
T4 - nipple area
T10 - belly button

Question 21

3 Parts of Pec Major (Sup.->Inf.)

Answer 21

Clavicular, sternocostal, abdominal

Question 22

Deltopectoral Triangle

Answer 22

Gap between deltoid and pectoralis major where you can see axillary a. and v.

Question 23

Pectoralis minor innervation

Answer 23

Medial pectoral nn.

Question 24

Pectoralis minor origin

Answer 24

Ribs 3-5

Question 25

Pectoralis minor insertion

Answer 25

Coracoid process

Question 26

Pectoralis minor action

Answer 26

Stabilizes scapula

Question 27

Pectoralis major innervation

Answer 27

Medial pectoral and lateral pectoral nerves

Question 28

Pec major origin (2.3)

Answer 28

Has clavicular head (anterior surface of medial clavicle) and sternocostal head (anterior sternum and sup. costal cartilages)

Question 29

Pec major insertion

Answer 29

Intertubercular groove

Question 30

Pec major action

Answer 30

Adducts and medially rotates humerus

Question 31

Transversus thoracis innervation

Answer 31

Segmentally by intercostal nn.s

Question 32

Transversus thoracis origin (2)

Answer 32

Post. surface of xiphoid process and lower 3rd of sternum

Question 33

Transversus thoracis insertion

Answer 33

Inner surface of costal cartilages of ribs 2-6

Question 34

Transversus thoracis action

Answer 34

Draws costal cartilages inferiorly

Question 35

6 Mammary Gland Clinical Considerations

Answer 35

Cancer, polythelia, amastia, hypomastia, polymastia, gynecomastia

Question 36

Pleural cupula

Answer 36

Little domes of pleural cavity that rise above clavicles

Question 37

Costomediastinal recesses

Answer 37

Potential space at border of mediastinal pleura and costal pleura

Question 38

Pericardial sac

Answer 38

Double-walled sac containing heart and roots of great vessels

Question 39

Cardiac Notch

Answer 39

Area of left lung curved to allow heart, where pericardium is exposed

Question 40

Costodiaphragmatic Recesses

Answer 40

Potential space of pleural cavity at junction of costal pleura and diaphragmatic pleura

Question 41

5 Boundaries of Thoracic Cavity

Answer 41

Post: 12 thoracic vertebrae Lat: 7 true ribs/5 false ribs (inc. 2 floating ribs) Ant: Sternum Sup: Superior thoracic aperture (thoracic inlet) Inf: Inf. thoracic aperture (thoracic outlet)