Gluteal Region

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus Origin

Answer 1

Ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

Question 2

Greater Trochanter of Femur

Answer 2

Broad bump that protrudes laterally

Question 3

Lesser Trochanter of Femur

Answer 3

Smaller, sharper bump on posterior side, slightly below greater trochanter/neck

Question 4

Ligament of head of femur (ligamentum teres femoris)

Answer 4

Runs through acetabulum to head of the femur and carries foveal a.

Question 5

Cutaneous Innervation of Gluteal Region

Answer 5

Superior: Dorsal primary rami - sup. and middle cluneal nerves
Inferior: Ventral primary rami and branches of post. femoral cutaneous nerve - inferior cluneal nerves

Question 6

2 Nerves that Run Around Ischial Spine

Answer 6

Larger, more medial: Pudendal

Smaller, more lateral: Nerve to obturator internus

Question 7

Superior Gluteal a. Path

Answer 7

Comes off post. division of internal iliac, travels through greater sciatic foramen sup. to piriformis m. and splits into superficial and deep branches

Question 8

Superficial Branch of Sup. Gluteal a. Target

Answer 8

Gluteus maximus m.

Question 9

3 Targets of Deep Branch of Sup. Gluteal a.

Answer 9

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fascia lata m.

Question 10

Inferior Gluteal a. Path

Answer 10

Comes off anterior division of internal iliac, travels through greater sciatic foramen inf. to piriformis

Question 11

Targets of Inf. Gluteal a.

Answer 11

Gluteus maximus and small gluteal muscles

Question 12

4 Components of Cruciate Anastomosis

Answer 12

Inf. Gluteal a., medial femoral circumflex a., lateral femoral circumflex a., and first perforating artery from the profunda femoris a.

Question 13

Internal pudendal a. path

Answer 13

Follows pudendal n., comes off ant. division of internal iliac, exits greater sciatic foramen coursing around sacrospinous ligament/ischiac spine, enters perineum going through lesser sciatic foramen under sacrotuberous ligament

Question 14

Injection Site for Gluteal Injections

Answer 14

Upper outer quadrant to avoid sciatic nerve

Question 15

Trendelenburg Gait

Answer 15

Weakness/paralysis of gluteal medius/minimus from sup. gluteal n. damage, causes a dipping gait towards affected side and leaning/foot dragging

Question 16

Antalgic Gait

Answer 16

Pain-relieving gait/limp w/ shortened stance phase on affected limb, occasionally throwing opposite arm out for balance. Can be caused by sciatica

Question 17

Gluteal Maximus Lurch

Answer 17

“Trucking,” trunk lurches backwards during stance phase on affected side bc major hip extensor paralyzed/weakened. Can be caused by inferior gluteal n. damage on misplaced gluteal intramuscular injection