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anatomy > Posterior Abdomen > Flashcards

Posterior Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

4 Portions of Diaphragm

A

Central Tendon
Sternal Portion
Costal Portion
Lumbar Portion

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2
Q

3 Ligaments of Lumbar Portion of Diaphragm (and what they run over)

A

Lateral arcuate ligaments - quadratus lumborum
Medial arcuate ligaments - psoas major
Median arcuate ligament - aorta

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3
Q

Diaphragmatic Crura (3)

A

Left and right, come around aorta and insert into lumbar vertebrae, left one has suspensory ligament of duodenum off of it

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4
Q

2 Diaphragmatic Triangles

A

Sternocostal and vertebrocostal

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5
Q

9 Structures that Pass Through Diaphragm

A 
Superior epigastric arteries
Musculophrenic arteries
Intercostal n.s and a.s
Sympathetic trunks
Splanchnic n.s
Hemiazygos v.
Azygos v.
Subcostal n.s
Phrenic n.s
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6
Q

6 Blood Supplies of Diaphragm

A 
Inferior phrenic a.s
Superior phrenic a.s
Pericardicophrenic a.s
Musculophrenic a.s
Superior epigastric a.s
Intercostal a.s
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7
Q

Innervation of Diaphragm (3)

A

Motor - phrenic n.s

Sensory - phrenic (central), and intercostals (peripheral)

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8
Q

7 Other Functions of Diaphragm

A

Defecation, micturition, parturition, sneezing, coughing, laughing, swallowing

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9
Q

3 Paired Visceral Branches of Abdominal Aorta (and levels)

A 
Middle suprarenal arteries (L1)
Renal arteries (L1)
Gonadal arteries (L2)
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10
Q

3 Parietal Branches of Abdominal Aorta (and levels)

A

Inferior phrenic a.s - (T12)
Lumbar a.s - segmental
Middle sacral a. - (L4)

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11
Q

3 Branches of Inferior Epigastric Arteries

A

Cremasteric branch
Pubic branch
Muscular branch

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12
Q

3 Veins draining into L Renal Vein

A

Left gonadal, left suprarenal, and left inferior phrenic veins

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13
Q

7 Veins Draining into IVC

A 
Common iliac v.s
Lumbar v.s
Right gonadal v.
Renal v.s 
Right suprarenal v.
Hepatic v.s
Right Inferior Phrenic v.
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14
Q

3 Anomalies of IVC

A

Double vena cava
Left inferior vena cava
Retrocaval ureter

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15
Q

Fat Loss -> Nutcracker (2)

A

Fat person loses a lot of mesentery fat, mesentery hangs down more instead of being held out by fat, can start constricting L renal vein and 3rd part of duodenum

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16
Q

Innervation of Posterior Abdominal Wall (2)

A

Subcostal n.

Lumbar plexus

17
Q

7 Nerves of Lumbar Plexus

A 
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
Genitofemoral
Lat. femoral cutaneous
Femoral
Obturator
Lumbosacral trunk
18
Q

Greater Splanchnic Nerves (roots, ganglia, targets)

A

T5-9
Celiac ganglia
Go to targets of celiac trunk

19
Q

Lesser Splanchnic Nerves (roots, ganglia, targets)

A

T10-11
Superior mesenteric ganglia
Go to targets of sup mesenteric a. - jejunum, ileum, ascending/transverse colon

20
Q

Least Splanchnic Nerves (roots, ganglia, targets)

A

T12
Aorticorenal ganglia
Kidneys and adrenal glands. NOT GI

21
Q

Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves (roots, ganglia, targets)

A

L1-2
Inferior mesenteric ganglia
Targets of inf mesenteric a. Also send postganglionic sympathetic branches to hypogastric and sacral plexus, which then hit bladder/reproductive organs etc

22
Q

Sacral Splanchnic Nerves

A

Branches of lumbar splanchnics that have gone through inf. mesenteric plexus and are going to hypogastric/sacral plexuses

23
Q

Blood Supply to Suprarenal Glands

A

Superior suprarenal a.s off inf. phrenic a.s
Middle suprarenal a.s off aorta
Inferior suprarenal a.s off renal a.s

24
Q

12 Structures of Kidney Proper

A

Capsule - Renal Hilus - Renal Sinus - Cortex - Medulla - Medullary Rays - Renal Pyramids - Renal Papillae - Minor calyx - Major calyx - Renal Pelvis - Ureter

25
Q

Reference Point for Kidney Pain

A

Costovertebral Angle

26
Q

Path of Ureters

A

Run on anterior surface of psoas major and cross pelvic brim at sacroiliac joint

27
Q

Bloody Supply of Ureters (3 and major point)

A

Segmental as they travel down
Renal a.s
Gonadal a.s
Vesical and rectal branches of internal iliac a.s

28
Q

Innervation of Ureters (levels and 3 reference points for pain)

A

T12-L2

Anterior abdominal wall, suprapubic region, and inner aspect of thigh

29
Q

4 Renal Abnormalities

A

Horseshoe kidney
Pancake kidney
Pelvic kidney
Renal agenesis

anatomy (28 decks)

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