Summary on common pathologies/coniditions Flashcards
Osteoporosis Summary
- Increased bone resorption causes a decrease in bone density, brittle, weak bones
- More osteoclast activity than osteoblast
-Fractures in L and T spine. Distal arm, femoral neck - AVOID flexion w/ resistance or deep flexion, heavy resistance, and ballistic movements. Too much stress in the spine due to flexion moment
- DO weight-bearing and resistance training as tolerated, aquatic therapy for conditioning but need WB/strengthening specifically (lunges, rows, leg press, etc.)
- Medications include calcium, Vit D. Raloxifene, Fosamax
- DEXA less than -2.5 is osteoporosis, -1 to -2.5 is osteopenia
Peripheral Arterial Disease
Narrowing of the lumen in blood vessels due to arteriosclerosis
- Intermittent claudication (cramping/pain, pallor w/ elevation and rubor in dependent position b/c blood flow is stuck due to occlusion), relieved with rest
- Other sx are Hair loss in the region, pain at rest, slow healing changes in skin color decreased temp, weakened pulse
- Higher risk for other circulatory issues
- Anticoagulants, anti platelets, thrombolytica to prevent clots
Exercise Program
4-6 weeks includes intermittent walking close point of max pain, then rest until fully relieved then repeat. Working up to 30 min straight. Include dynamics resistance and aerobics
=Leads to collateral circulation
For night sx, lift bed 4-6 inches for perfusion in legs
A type of PVD
Multiple Sclerosis
CNS disease with demyelination of neurons specifically in CNS. Impacts motor and sensory.
Sensitive to heat
Cognitive changes
Motor and sensory issues
Loss of coordination so open chain exercise is better
Type
- clinically isolated is first time and/or only time
- Relapsing remitting includes attacks followed by some level of recovery and no decline in between
- Secondary progressive is when it goes from relapsing remitting with recovery periods to constant decline aka disease progression-
- Primary progressive is when there is a constant decline throughout
