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NPTE Prep > MSK Misc > Flashcards

MSK Misc Flashcards

1
Q

Hill Sachs Lesion

A

Being hit fro P-A in closed pack (Abduction and ER) overhead causes ant dislocation and damage to posterolateral HUMERAL HEAD H goes with H. SO ant dislocation damaged post HH

Could be reverse and impact posterior capusle and ant hum head if hit from A-P

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2
Q

Bankart Lesion

A

Tear in LABRUM, the usually lower part. Due to disloaction

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3
Q

What happens to cadence and step length with age

A

Cadence decreases b/c less steps required due to incincreased reased step length

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4
Q

Extensor tendon repairs

A

Early intervention
Active flexion of MCP and passive extension of wrist allowed

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5
Q

Flexor tendon repairs

A

Active extension, passive flexion

Active in opposite

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6
Q

Free nerve endings (Joint receptors)

A

All joints (think pain)

Noxious and non noxious mechanical and biochemical stimuli to capsule, ligaments, synovium, fat pad

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7
Q

Pacinian corpuscles (joint receptors)

A

All joints (think velocity, accel joint position)

detects different joint position changes in the fibrous layer of capsule

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8
Q

Golgi ligament endings

A

Ligaments specific, detect the amount of stretch

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9
Q

Ruffini Endings

A

Detects stretch of entire joint capsule (rather than ligament specific)

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10
Q

Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles

A

Mazzoni compression of joint capsule

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11
Q

Synovial joints

A

All major joints we address in PT. Have free movement
1. joint cavity (fluid filled part)
2. Articular cartilage
3. Synovial membrane
4. Synovial fluid
5. Fibrous capsule

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12
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

Have hyaline or fibrocartilage
Slight mobility
e.g sternum articulation w/ true rib

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13
Q

Fibrous joint

A

Barely oves
e.g bones in skull
syndesmosis of tibia and fibula

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14
Q

Type 1 fibers

A

Slow
Smaller
Slow oxidative
Less fatiguing/fatiguability
More mitochondria
e.g marathon, swim
Recruited first in natural contraction

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15
Q

Type 2 fibers

A

Recruited first with E STIM
Larger
faster
More fatigable
Lower capillary, mitochondria,
high jump, sprint

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16
Q

Muscle spindle

A

Muscle belly, send info about muscle length or rate of change

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17
Q

Golgi tendon organs

A

Detect tension especially with active contraction3

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18
Q

Levator Scap action and innervation

A

ELEVATES SCAP but dowanrdly roates it as well
Anterior rami
Dorsal scap nerve, Rhomboids too

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19
Q

What muscles do upward rotation

A

Lower and UT, SA

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20
Q

What muscles do doward ro

A

Rhomboids, levator scap, pec minor

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21
Q

Extensor carpi ulnar innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (b/c starts more dorsal than medial)

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22
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

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23
Q

Extensor policis brevis and longus innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (both deep muscles)

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24
Q

Abductor policis brevis innervation

A

median nerve, recurrent branch

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25
Q

Abductor policis longus innervation

A

Posterior interosseous nerve (b/c on dorsal side) deep

26
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis innervation (superficial vs deep head)

A

Superficial (median recurrent)
Deep (ulnar)

27
Q

Flexor pollicis longus innervation

A

Anterior interosseous nerve b/c deep

28
Q

Adductor pollicis innervation

A

Ulnar nerve

29
Q

Oponens pollicis innervation

A

Median nerve

30
Q

Pad and Dab (interossei muscles)

A

Palmar, adduction

Dorsal abduction

All innervated by ulnar nerve

31
Q

Lumbricles action and innervation

A

MCP flexion and IP extension
Ulnar vs median nerve side

32
Q

Main hip IR

A

TFL
then glute med

33
Q

Main glute ER

A

Glute max
Obturator bros
Gemelli bros

34
Q

Tib ant vs tib post distinction

A

both invert but df and pf rerspectively

35
Q

Boxers fracture

A

fx pinkey finger

36
Q

Toe flexion vs extension

A

Think the same as hand

37
Q

If unsure of capuslar pattern, think about what goes first

A

e.g Cervical sb and rot goes first typically and that is capuslar pattern. Extension is next

SAME FOR all of spine

38
Q

C8 myotome

A

Thumb ext ( makes sense b/c radial)

39
Q

T1 myotome

A

Finger abduction (ulnar)

40
Q

Patella deep tendon reflex

A

L4

41
Q

R hand dominant

A

R shoulder lower and R hip higher is normal and vice versa=

42
Q

Normal lumbar curves

A

Lordosis of neck and low back

Kyphosis of thoracic spine and sacrum (sacrum is nonflexible)

43
Q

Protruded tummy is normal in kids up to 10 yo

A
44
Q

Scapula 4 inches apart is norm

A

Head should be erect

45
Q

Normal Plumb line order

A

Post to coronal suture

Through external auditory meatus

Through axis of odontoid process

Midway through tip of shoulder

Through bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Slight Post to hip

Slight Ant to axis of knee

Slight ant to lat malleolus

Through calcaneocuboid joint

46
Q

Capsular patterns (in order starting with most restricted

A

Shoulder ER ABD IR
Knee Flex EXT
Spine ROT AND SB equal, then ext
TMJ mouth cant open as well
AO Ext, side flex equal
At elbow flex then ext (then sup then pron for rh)
talocrural PF then DF
Hip Flexion abd, IR (sometimes IR most limited)

47
Q

Empty endfeel

A

Cant reach due to pain

48
Q

Boggy end feel

A

Mushy due to edema, hemarthrosis

49
Q

MMT 3-

A

partial ROM against gravity

50
Q

MMt 2+

A

Able to initiate against gravity

51
Q

MMT 2

A

Full ROM in gravity min

52
Q

MMt 2 -

A

Partial in gravity min

53
Q

MMT 1

A

palpable contraction

54
Q

MMT 0

A

No contraction

55
Q

Pronation is linked with what LE alignment

A

Tibial Internal rotation causing knee valgus (tilting ankle inward focres tibia to move inward which causes knee valgus at top of tibia

56
Q

Gout locations

A

Knee, big toe joint, MP joints of fingers
ankle, medial foot, elbow

57
Q

Scoliosis

A

25-45 orthosis
45 and up spinal fusion

surgery should not occur unless kid is about 12 years old

Stretching is not plan A but if so should focus on
iliopsoas, low back extensors, lateral trunk flexors of concave side

58
Q

Tendinopathies

A

painful with contraction

e.g supraspinatus abd to 90 and IR b/c supraspinatus abducts

59
Q

Always consider tissue healing phase

A

6week 6week 6 months rule for

but inflammatory phase 1-5
proliferative phase 5-30 days
Maturation 30 days to years

Disorganized tissue cannot withstand tensile forces.

Collagen formation and granulation tissue develops in subacute proliferative phase

Collagen fibers reoritent to stresses in chronic stage of maturation and remodeling

acute - pain w/ movement in general
subacute - pain in relation to tissue resistance

60
Q

Consider the type of contraction with MSK interventions.
Example why are wall sits good for someone struggling with stair descension

A

Isometric but eccentric contraction
Quadriceps need eccentric strength going down steps b/c knees bent and gravity is opposing force on knee extension

NPTE Prep (42 decks)

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