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NP > STD > Flashcards

STD Flashcards

1
Q

Does syphilis cross the placenta?

A

yes

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2
Q

Syphilis screening test

A

VDRL

RPR

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3
Q

Syphilis confirmation test

A

TREPONEMAL testing

fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS)
microhemagglutination assay for antibody to treponema pallidum (MHA-TP)

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4
Q

pH change in BV

A

increased pH

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5
Q

Acyclovir can be used starting at what age?

A

6 months

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6
Q

Can HIV be transmitted through breast milk?

A

yes

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7
Q

HIV screening test
in infants
in older children and adult

A

infants - HIV polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

older children and adult - ELISA (VERY sensitive)

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8
Q

HIV confirmatory test

A

western blot

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9
Q

Two lab tests used to determine progression of HIV/AIDS

A

o absolute CD4 lymphocyte - “T” - normal >800 (want high)

o viral load - want zero or undetectable (want as low as possible)

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10
Q

What is the leading killer of AIDS patients?

A

PJP - pnuemocystis jirovecci pneumonia

what do HIV people take daily for prevention? Bactrim

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11
Q

After exposure, how long to seroconvert to HIV+?

A

3 weeks to 6 months

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12
Q

HIV prodrome

A

flu-like symptoms

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13
Q

Early symptoms of HIV

A

fever, night sweats, and weight loss

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14
Q

What differentiates AIDS from HIV?

A

CD4 < 200 cells/uL

and/or

opportunistic infection

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15
Q

What is a common co-morbidity with chancroid?

A

HIV

should test those presenting with chancroid

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16
Q

What does chancroid look like?

A

painful ulcer surrounded by erythmatous halo

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17
Q

What other clinical feature also accompanies chancroid?

A

bubo - swelling of lymph nodes

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18
Q

Treatment for chancroid?

A

azythromycin 1 gram PO – same as chlamydia

ceftriaxone 250 mg IV – same as gonorrhea

ciprofloxicin 500 mg PO

19
Q

Most common STD in US?

A

chlamydia

20
Q

Which two STDs cause dysuria?

A

gonorrhea
chlamydia

R/o UTI

21
Q

Symptoms of chlamydia

A

asymptomatic often

dysuria
dysparunia (female)
thick, cloudy penile discharge

22
Q

Major causes of dysparunia (4)

A

PID
menopause
trich
chlamydia

23
Q

Treatment for chlamydia

A

azithromycin 1 gram PO

2nd - doxycycline x 7 days

24
Q

Testing for chlamydia

A

EIA - enzyme immunoassay: low cost, fast (30 - 120 min)

culture - 3 to 9 days

25
Q

The most common viral STD in the US

A

HPV / condyloma accuminata

26
Q

Treatment for condyloma accuminata

A

o keratolytic agents - podophyllin, TCA, BCA

o cryo, laser, excision, electrocautery

27
Q

What is the recommended treatment for condyloma in pregnant women?

A

laser

28
Q

Treatment for gonorrhea

A

ceftriaxone IM

cotreat for chlamydia with azithromycin

29
Q

Which STDs must be reported to the health department?

A

GCS
gonorrhea
chlamydia
syphilis

30
Q

What should a patient exposed to hepatitis B receive?

A

HBIG within 14 days (sooner is better)

31
Q

Is HBIG passive or active immunity?

A

passive

32
Q

Is tetanus toxoid passive or active immunity?

A

active

33
Q

What does initial herpes look like?

A

12 days of:

fever
malaise
dysuria
painful ulcers

34
Q

treatment for herpes

A

acyclovir

valacyclovir - especially for asymptomatic viral shedding

35
Q

What is lymphgranuloma venereum (LGV)?

A

Chlamydial infection of the lymph nodes

36
Q

What might LGV be confused with and how to tell the difference?

A

ulcer and bubo may be confused with chancroid

but chancroid is painFUL
and LGV is painLESS

37
Q

Treatment for LGV

A

doxycycline BID x 21 days

aspirate buboes to prevent ulcerations

38
Q

Most common treatment for molluscum

A

cryo

39
Q

Primary syphilis

A

painLESS chancre

40
Q

Secondary syphilis

A

flu-like symptoms

rash on palms and soles

41
Q

Latent syphilis

A

seropositive but asymptomatic

42
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

multi-system including
CV
neuro

43
Q

Treatment for syphilis

A

Penicillin G

if allergic
doxy
erythromycin

NP (76 decks)

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