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NP > Adult - Musculoskeletal II > Flashcards

Adult - Musculoskeletal II Flashcards

1
Q

What condition does compression of the median nerve cause?

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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2
Q

Is carpal tunnel more common in men or women?

A

women

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3
Q

What is dorsiflexion of the wrist?

A

hand in “stop” position

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4
Q

Tinel’s sign

A

tapping the median nerve on the flexor surface of the wrist

+ for carpal tunnel if tingling sensation from wrist to hand is provoked

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5
Q

Phalen’s sign

A

opposite of Namaste hands
hold for 1 minute
+ if symptoms provoked

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6
Q

What type of splint is most effective for carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

“cock up” splint

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7
Q

Can corticosteroid injection be used in carpal tunnel?

A

yes

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8
Q

What test can be used to document motor involvement in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

electromyography

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9
Q

What is the typical pain/complaint of carpal tunnel?
features?
timing?
exacerbation?

A 
numbness
tingling
burning
nocturnal pain
excerbation with dorsiflexion
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10
Q

What is the leading cause of lost work days in the US?

A

low back pain

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11
Q

What is the typical pain/complaint of low back pain?

A 
may be localized or radiating
may include: 
numbness
muscle weakness
limp
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12
Q

What are two assessment maneuvers that may be done to assess low back pain?

A

straight leg raise test - one leg at a time

pelvic rock test

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13
Q

Which lumbar nerve root dysfunction results in diminished or absent patellar reflex?

A

L3 - L4

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14
Q

Which lumbar nerve root dysfunction results in diminished or absent achilles reflex?

A

L5 - S1

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15
Q

Which lumbar nerve root dysfunction results in pain along the buttocks?

A

L5 - S1

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16
Q

What type of X-ray would be helpful in evaluating low back pain?

A

AP and lateral

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17
Q

Beyond an X-ray what diagnostics might be helpful in low back pain?

A

CR or MRI

18
Q

Management of low back pain (10)

A 
rest
heat/ice
brace
PT
body mechanics
ultrasound/TENS
NSAIDs 
weight loss
psychosocial
refer
19
Q

Morton’s neuroma

A

a benign neuroma of an intermetatarsal nerve

most commonly in 3rd or 4th intermetatarsal space

20
Q

What is a common cause of Morton’s neuroma?

A

Wearing high heels shoes with closed toes

21
Q

What is the common complaint of Morton’s neuroma?

A

feeling of “standing on a pebble”

22
Q

What are the diagnostics for Morton’s neuroma?

A

ultrasound

MRI

23
Q

Management of Morton’s neuroma?

A

orthotics

steroid injection

24
Q

What is the plantar facsia?

A

o the thick tissue on the bottom of the foot
o connects the heel bone to the toes
o creates the arch of the foot

25
Q

Who most commonly develops plantar fasciitis?

A

Men 40 - 70 years old

26
Q

What is the common complaint of platar fasciitis?

A

heel pain and stiffness in the morning

pain can be dull or sharp
can radiate from the heel to the toes

27
Q

What are the diagnostics for plantar fasciitis?

A

physical exam

X-ray to rule out other causes

28
Q

Management of plantar fasciitis

A 
NSAIDs
corticosteriods
orthotics
night splints
PT
surgery (very painful)
29
Q

“Tibial tubercle apophyseal traction injury”

A

Osgood-Schlatter

30
Q

Treatment for Osgood-Schlatter

A

RICE
NSAIDs
surgery (rare)

31
Q

Define costochondritis

A

inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum

32
Q

What are the possible causes for costochondritis?

A 
o  injury
o  physical strain
o  URI
o  infection
o  fibromyalgia
33
Q

An inflammatory disorder involving pain and stiffness in the shoulder and usually also the hip

A

Polymyalgia rheumatica

34
Q

What are possible causes for polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

unknown

35
Q

Who is typically afflicted by polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

those over 50 years

36
Q

In 15% of cases, polymyalgia rheumatica is associated with what other condition?

A

temporal arteritis

37
Q

What is temporal arteritis characterized by?

A

headache

high fever

38
Q

Signs and symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

o stiffness of neck, shoulders, and hips
o loss of ROM in affected areas
o fatigue, anemia, and mild fever

39
Q

Is ESR increased in polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

yes

40
Q

Management of polymyalgia rheumatica?

A

corticosteroids

symptomatic management

NP (76 decks)

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