Infant Health Issues Flashcards
Definition of “newborn”
1-2 months
Definition of “infant”
up to 12 months
Infant - physical focus (development pattern)
gross motor (cephalocaudal) fine motor (proximal > distal)
Infant -
cognitive focus
sensorimotor
Infant -
psychosocial focus
developing trust
Infant -
head circumference up to what age?
2 years
Infant -
well child checks (WCC) frequency
birth, 2 weeks, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months
Infant -
at what age should an infant have HEAD CONTROL?
4 months
Infant -
at what age should an infant no longer have HEAD LAG?
6 months
Infant -
periorbial edema in the infant is equivalent to what in the adult?
swollen ankles
how are tonsils described?
1+ 2+ 3+ 4+
asymmetrical tonsil could indicate what conditions?
Tonsillar ABCESS or LYMPHOMA
Infant -
what can a shrill, high-pitched cry indicate?
increased intracranial pressure
Infant -
pectus carinatum
pigeon chest
Infant -
pectus excavatum
sunken chest
Infant -
gynecomastia/galactorrhea - normal until what age?
3 months
due to maternal hormones
Infant -
is the liver edge palpable in infants?
in some babies
1 - 2 cm below R costal margin
Infant -
when should labial adhesions be referred?
when impeding flow of urine
Infant -
phimosis
inability to retract foreskin
Infant -
what do shotty nodes indicate?
past infection
Infant -
normal variant regarding lymph nodes?
inguinal up to ~ 1 cm
cervical up to ~ 2 cm
Lymph node location of particular concern
supraclavicular
Infant -
do babies have PERRLA?
No
Accomodation comes later
Infant -
“survival reflexes”
breathing
temperature control
feeding
Infant -
stranger anxiety happens when?
around 6 months
and again 15-18 months
Infant -
separation anxiety happens when?
around 8 months
Infant -
when to introduce solid foods?
6 months
Infant -
when to have first dental visit?
12 months
Infant -
when to start flossing?
first time that two teeth touch
most allergenic part of the egg?
egg white
Infant - developmental warning signs
vision
any apparent visual delay
Infant - developmental warning signs
if not raising head when lying on stomach by ____ months
3 months
Infant - developmental warning signs
hearing
if not reacting to voice or sound
Infant -
fever defined
> 100.4 F (39 C)
though very young infants may be subnormal with infection due to lack of thermoregulation skilz
Infant -
fever >101.8 F in first two months of life suggest what?
serious bacterial infection
Infant -
common organisms in first month
Group B strep (GBS) and gram neg enteric organisms
Infant -
common organisms in second month
S. pneumoniae
H. influenzae
Infant -
best indicator of health status
behavior
Infant -
differential for behavior change with no apparent cause
consider UTI
Infant -
acetaminophen dosage
10-15 mg/kg q 4 - 6 hours
Infant -
at what age can ibuprofen be used?
dose?
6 months
10 mg/kg every 6 hours
Infant -
necessary guidance for parents of sick child?
when to call back/
red flags