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NP > Adult - Neuro > Flashcards

Adult - Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

Which gender more typically develops migraine?

A

female

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2
Q

Which gender more typically develops cluster?

A

male

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3
Q

Headache described as “vise-like”

A

tension

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4
Q

Are focal neurological symptoms such as flashes of light or zig zags in the vision associated with tension headache? Migraine?

A

not with tension

yes with migraine

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5
Q

When is the typical age of onset of migraine?

A

adolescence or early adulthood

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6
Q

What foods contain nitrates?

A

pickles

bologna

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7
Q

Is migraine usually unilateral or bilateral?

A

unilateral

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8
Q

What are some drugs that can be used prophylactically for migraine?

A

amitriptyline (Elavil) - anti-depressant
propranalol (Inderal) - beta blocker
gabapentin (Neurontin) - analgesic, anti-seizure
topiramate (Topamax) - anti-seizure

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9
Q

In new onset migraine what are the four laboratory studies to consider?

A

ESR
BMP
CBC
VDLR

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10
Q

In new onset migraine what are the imaging studies to consider? why?

A

CT to r/o brain tumor

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11
Q

What is the patho of migraine?

A

dilation and pulsation of branches of external carotid artery

follows the trigeminal nerve pathway (CN V)

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12
Q

What is the standard management of acute migraine?

A

sumatriptan (Imatrex) - subcutaneously

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13
Q

What is the standard management of an ugly migraine?

A

JUST KIDDING!! :-)

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14
Q

Which is more likely to be associated with family history - migraine or cluster?

A

migraine

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15
Q

What is the pattern of cluster headache?

A

severe, unilateral, periorbital pain occuring daily for several weeks

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16
Q

For which two types of headache is sumatriptan (Imatrex) used?

A

migraine and cluster

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17
Q

Prior to a triptan, what is a therapy that may help relieve a cluster headache?

A

100% O2

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18
Q

Does TIA have any residual effects?

A

no

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19
Q

What is TIA indicative of?

A

in many cases, an impending stroke

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20
Q

What vision symptoms may be present with TIA?

A

IPSilateral monocular blindness = same side, one eye

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21
Q

What motor symptoms may be present with TIA?

A

CONTRAlateral paresthesia of arm, leg, or face = opposite side of the body

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22
Q

How are vertibrobasilar TIAs characterized?

A

more “neuro” presentation - vertigo, ataxia, dizziness

23
Q

How are carotid TIAs characterized?

A

more traditional “stroke-like” - altered LOC, aphasia, dysarthria

24
Q

What imaging test is best for distinguishing between infarct, tumor, or hemorrhage?

A

CT

25
Q

What imaging test is best for detecting ischemic infarcts?

A

MRI

26
Q

If a CT is negative but the patient can’t move part of the body, what is a likely cause?

A

ischemic infarct (not bleed)

27
Q

What is the number one cause of heart failure?

A

hypertension

28
Q

When is endarterectomy indicated?

A

in cases of > 70 - 80 % stenosis in symptomatic patients

29
Q

What are pharm management options for TIA?

A

aspirin
clopidogrel (Plavix)
ticlopidine (Ticlid)

30
Q

With what side effects is ticlopidine (Ticlid) associated?

A

agranulocytosis
thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
GI intolerance

** requires lab monitoring, not used as much as aspirin and plavix **

31
Q

What is the most important diagnostic test for establishing the classification of a seizure disorder?

A

EEG

32
Q

Why are imaging studies done following an initial seizure?

A

MRI or CT to r/o brain tumor

33
Q

Which type of seizure does NOT involve loss of consciousness?

A

simple partial

34
Q

What differentiates a complex partial seizure from a simple complex?

A

complex partial involves loss of consciousness

35
Q

What neurotransmitter is lacking in Parkinson’s disease?

A

dopamine

36
Q

What is the trio of symptoms in Parkinson’s disease?

A

rigidity
tremor
bradykinesia (slow movement)

37
Q

What are the two categories of medication in Parkinson’s disease?

A

those which increase available dopamine
and
anticholinergics which alleviate tremor and rigitity

38
Q

Parkinson’s complaint -
“my feet are sticking to the floor”
adjust which type of med?

A

dopamine

39
Q

Parkinson’s complaint -
“I have to rock several times to get up”
adjust which type of med?

A

dopamine

40
Q

Parkinson’s complaint -
“my tremor is much worse”
adjust which type of med?

A

anticholinergic

41
Q

Parkinson’s complaint -
“I’m feeling very rigid”
adjust which type of med?

A

anticholinergic

42
Q

What is the marker for Parkinson’s disease?

A

none known

43
Q

Bell’s palsy -

able to move forehead?

A

NO

44
Q

Stroke -

able to move forehead?

A

YES

45
Q

Bell’s palsy -

theory on causation

A

reactivation of herpes virus

46
Q

Bell’s palsy -

abrupt or insidious onset?

A

abrupt

47
Q

Bell’s palsy -

which cranial nerve?

A

facial - CN VII

48
Q

Bell’s palsy -

treatment?

A

prednisone taper

acylcovir

49
Q

Bell’s palsy -

typical side of the face?

A

R

50
Q

stabbing or electric shock type of pain on one side of the face

A

trigeminal neuralgia

51
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia -

which cranial nerve?

A

trigeminal - CN V

52
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia -

can be related to what other disorder?

A

MS

53
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia -

management

A

anti-seizure drugs
muscle relaxants
tricyclic antidepressants

NP (76 decks)

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