GU Flashcards

1
Q

Urinalysis in UTI

what is pyuria?

A

> 10 WBC / mL

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2
Q

Urinalysis in UTI

nitrates show what from a sensitivity / specificity perspective?

A

very specific (-) but not sensitive (+)

shows true negatives

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3
Q

Urinalysis in UTI

esterase detection shows what from a sensitivity / specificity perspective?

A

very sensitive (+) but not specific (-)

shows true positives

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4
Q

Management of lower and upper UTI

A

most commonly used agents

TMP/SMX (Bactrim)
ciprofloxacin
amoxicillin clavulunate

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5
Q

Management of UTI in pregnancy

A

amoxicillin
nitrofurantoin (Macrobid)

increased duration, not dose

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6
Q

What is black box warning on ciprofloxacin?

A

Achilles tendon rupture

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7
Q

What is the cause of stress incontinence?

A

urethral incompetence

urine leakage from laughter, sneeze, exercise

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8
Q

What is the cause of urge incontinence?

A

detrussor overactivity - “overactive bladder”

urgency, involuntary urine loss, nocturia, frequency

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9
Q

Weight loss will benefit which type of incontinence?

A

urge

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10
Q

What class of medications is used for urge incontinence?

A

muscarinic receptor antagonists

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11
Q

What are examples of immediate release muscarinic receptor antagonists?

A

oxybutinin (Ditropan)
tolterodine (Detrol)
trospium (Sanctura)

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12
Q

What are examples of extended release muscarinic receptor antagonists?

A

darifenacin (Enablex)
Ditropan XL
Detrol LA

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