School Age Flashcards
School age
6 - 11 years
Average annual growth from age 3 through adolescence?
2.5 inches per year
Average annual weight gain during school age period?
5 - 7 lbs per year
Cognitive focus for school age child?
conceptual
Psychosocial focus for school age child?
industry vs. inferiority
desire to please adults
At what age does MODESTY typically begin?
in the older school age child
When do girls reach peak height velocity?
11 - 12 years
prior to menarche
What are the fears of the school age child?
pain, loss of control, death
BMI percentiles indicating at risk for overweight?
85th to 95th
BMI percentiles indicting obesity?
> 95th
Visual acuity in the school age child?
approaching 20/20
When does scoliosis screening begin?
9 years
When does hand dominance emerge?
the school age period
School age children are in which of Piaget’s cognitive stages?
Concrete operational
What is one way to think of the Piaget cognitive stage school age children are in?
The “C” period
- Capable of deductive reasoning and reversibility
- Cause and effect
- Classification of objects
- Concepts of time, money, space, and conservation
How much sleep does a school age child need per night?
8 - 10 hours on average
consistency continues to be important
may vary from child to child
Anticipatory guidelines for the school age child?
cigarettes, drugs, alcohol, body changes, intercourse information
Big talk vs. small reinforcing talks over time
small talks over time better to reinforce information
Developmental warning signs in younger school age child?
poor adjustment to school
not working to ability
frequent illnesses/need to stay home from school
lack of social interaction/problems with peers
Developmental warning signs in older school age child?
reverting to passive, shy roles using illness to avoid responsibilities trouble making or keeping friends poor school performance disinterest in non-school activities destructive behavior to express self
Causes of obesity
can be use of food for emotional comfort
relative inactivity
diets high in fat and simple carbohydrates
Differentials for obesity
endocrine disease
genetic conditions such as Prader-Willi sydrome
medication side effect
Medications with higher risk of causing obesity
anti-psychotics
mood stabilizers
anti-depressants
steroids
Differentials for abuse
coagulopathies
osteogenesis imperfecta
Essential elements for dx of ADHD
symptoms
- present before the age of 7
- persist for at least 6 months
- are interfering with functioning in at least 2 settings - home, school, play
3 subtypes of ADHD
predominantly inattentive predominantly hyperactive-impulsive combined type (most common dx)
ADHD -
more boys or girls?
boys 6x more than girls
Common comorbidities with ADHD
ODD - 50%
learning disabilities - 35%
anxiety - 25%
depression - 25%
ADHD management
structured environment
operant conditioning techniques
mental health referral
medication
ADHD pharmacological managment
stimulants
start low, go slow
titrate up at weekly intervals
Methylphenidate examples
Ritalin Concerta Metadate Focalin Daytrana - transdermal
Amphetamines examples
Adderall
Dexadrine
Vyvance
Side effects of stimulants
insomnia anorexia weight loss tachycardia temporary decrease of growth rate tics headache stomach ache
