Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NP > Peds - Derm > Flashcards

Peds - Derm Flashcards

1
Q

first degree burn

A

dry, red, no blisters

epidermis only

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

second degree burn

A

moist, blisters

extends beyond epidermis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

third degree burn

A

dry, leathery, pearly, waxy

extends from epidermis to dermis to underlying tissues (fat, muscle, bone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Of particular concern with significant burns?

A

HYPO thermia especially in young children

First 6 hours are critical, hospitalize immediately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Identifying factors in dermatology

A

MORPHOLOGY - character of lesion itself
CONFIGURATION - how the lesions present in relation to each other
DISTRIBUTION - where on the body the lesions appear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(morphology)

MACULE

A

small, flat discoloration

freckle, petechiae, flat nevi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(morphology)

PATCH

A

large, flat discoloration
may have surface changes

big macule

mongolian spots, cafe au lait spot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(morphology)

PAPULE

A

small, elevated skin lesion
< 1 cm

ant bite, psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(morphology)

NODULE

A

elevated, firm lesion

> 1 cm

(big papule)

fibroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(morphology)

TUMOR

A

“mass”

firm, elevated lump

(big nodule)

can be benign or malignant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(morphology)

WHEAL

A

slightly raised and extending a bit below the epidermis

often allergic in origin

aka hive or PPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(morphology)

PLAQUE

A

scaly, elevated lesion

classic for psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(morphology)

VESICLE

A

small lesion filled with serous fluid

< 1 cm

varicella, herpes simplex, herpes zoster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(morphology)

BULLA

A

large lesion filled with serous fluid (big vesicle)

> 1 cm

blister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(morphology)

PUSTULE

A

small lesion filled with pus

< 1 cm

acne, impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(morphology)

ABCESS

A

large lesion filled with pus

> 1 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(morphology)

CYST

A

large, raised lesion filled with serous fluid, blood and pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

primary lesion

A

first appearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

secondary lesion

A

follow primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(configuration)

SOLITARY or DISCRETE

A

individual lesions that remain separate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

(configuration)

GROUPED

A

in a cluster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(configuration)

CONFLUENT

A

lesions that run together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

(configuration)

LINEAR

A

scratch, streak, line, or stripe

poison ivy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

(configuration)

ANNULAR

A

circular

ring worm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

(configuration)

POLYCYCLIC

A

annular lesions that merge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Distribution

examples

A

Where on the body the lesions appear

face
trunk
extremities
groin
dermatomal
feet
axilla
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Rash which typically is found in buccal cavity, palms, and soles

A

Rash of syphilis

ddx - pityriais rosea

28
Q

Rash which follows dermatomes

A

Zoster

29
Q

Rash which tends to be confluent

A

Tinea

30
Q

Medications which exacerbate acne. (2)

A

steroids

anticonvulsants

31
Q

NP management of acne

non-pharmacologic

A

avoid oil-based products

mild cleanser and moisturizer

32
Q

NP management of MILD acne

pharmacologic (5)

A 
topical treatment, generally in this order:
benzoyl peroxide
retinoic acid 
tretinoin 
salicylic acid
topical ABT - erythromycin, clindamycin
33
Q

NP management of MODERATE acne

pharmacologic

A

add systemic ABT to topical treatment:
Doxycycline
Erythromycin
Minocycline

34
Q

NP management of SEVERE acne

A

refer to dermatology :-)

35
Q

Which acne medication should be used at night because it is inactivated by UV light and oxidized by benzoyl peroxide?

A

tretinoin (Retin-A)

36
Q

Why are erythromycin and clindamycin lotions or pads often effective in treating acne?

A

because the causative agent is often staph

37
Q

jock itch

A

tinea cruris

38
Q

scalp ringworm

A

tinea capitus

39
Q

body ringworm

A

tinea corporis

40
Q

athlete’s foot

A

tinea pedis

41
Q

hypo- or hyperpigmented macules on the limbs

A

tinea versicolor

42
Q

fungal infection of the nail

A

tinea unguium

onychomycosis

43
Q

Which of the tineas tend to be pruritic?

A

tinea cruris

tinea pedis

44
Q

Appearance of fungal infection on microscopic slide treated with KOH?

A

hyphae = “spaghetti and meatballs”

45
Q

fungal infection of the hand(s)

A

tinea manuum

46
Q

tinea capitus rx

A

griseofulvin x 6 weeks

47
Q

tinea corporis rx

A

topical -azole

ketoconazole
micoconazole

48
Q

tinea cruris rx

A

topical -azole
terbinafine cream
griseofulvin if severe

49
Q

tinea pedis rx

tinea manuum

A

macerated stage - aluminum subacetate solution
dry, scaly stage - topical antifungals
oral therapy if severe

50
Q

tinea versicolor rx

A

selenium sulfide shampoo x 7 days

itraconazole (Sporanox) PO

51
Q

Chicken pox -
aka
caused by

A

varicella zoster - caused by the herpes virus

52
Q

How is varicella spread?

A

direct contact with lesions or airborne

48 hours prior until after lesions are crusted

53
Q

Varicella management

A

prevention - vaccine
for pruritis - topicals, antihistamine
for fever - acetominophen

acyclovir - if given in first 24 hours can reduce duration, severity; particularly important to immunocompromised

54
Q

If unimmunized are exposed, what is management?

A

isolate from day 7 - 21

55
Q

What are the likely causes of death from varicella?

A

pneumonia

hepatitis

56
Q

What is a drug interaction concern with anti-fungals?

A

They are CYP 450 blockers

57
Q

Management of molluscum (5 + 1 + 1)

A 
trentinoin (Retin-A)
Salicylic acid
Liquid nitrogen
Trichloracetic acid
Silver nitrate

mechanical removal (NOT in 1* care)

OR wait for spontaneous resolution

58
Q

Atopic dermatitis - diagnostics

A

Radio-allergosorbent test (RAST) or skin test –> dust mite allergy
Serum IgE
Eosinophilia

59
Q

Atopic dermatitis - management

A

Extensive moisturizing
Topical steroids: hydrocortisone, desonide, triamcinolone
Systemic steroids: in extreme cases only

60
Q

Acute or chronic
Results from direct skin contact with irritant

nickel is most common cause

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

61
Q

Allergic dermatitis - management

A

Remove offending agent
Topical steroids - high potency if needed
Oral steroid taper

62
Q

Irritant (Diaper) dermatitis - defined

A

Most common diaper rash

63
Q

Irritant (Diaper) dermatitis - peak age

A

9 - 12 months

64
Q

What happens if steroids are applied to fungal infection?

A

Condition worsens

65
Q

Irritant (Diaper) dermatitis - management (1 + 5)

consider possible causes…

A

keep clean and dry

mild = barrier emollients - butt paste
erythema, papules = hydrocortisone
severe erythema, vesicles = burrow’s solution
secondary bacterial = mupirocin, bactroban
secondary fungal = nizoral, ketoconazole

66
Q

A common, benign, hyperproliferative inflammatory skin disorder

A

Psoriasis

NP (76 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions