Gero Pharm Flashcards
Of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, which differs among individuals?
pharmacokinetics differs among individuals
pharmacodynamics remain constant for all people
What is pharmacokinetics?
how the body interacts with drugs
includes - ADME absorption distribution metabolism elimination
Of the 4 pharmacokinetic actions which are affected by the aging process and which are not?
absorption and distribution are NOT affected
metabolism may be reduced - liver impairment
elimination is significantly reduced due to decline in renal function
Motto for prescribing to the elderly?
“start low and go slow”
What are pharmacodynamics?
how the drug interacts with the body
this is the same for every human
pharmacogenetics vs. pharmacogenomics
p-genetics begins with unexpected drug response, looks for genetic cause
p-genomics begins with looking at the genome
What are the four categories of adverse reactions in the elderly?
Effects on: o CNS o anticholinergic o movement / balance o bone / supporting structures
Examples of CNS adverse reactions (5)
sedation memory loss dizziness depression confusion
Drugs likely to cause CNS adverse effects (6)
Benzos BBs steroids cimetidine ---> "disaster drug" (Tagamet) narcotics diuretics
Examples of anticholinergic effects (4)
can’t see
can’t pee
can’t spit
can’t shit
Drug classes likely to cause anticholinergic effects (4)
cholinergic agonists (antagonist?)
decongestants
tricyclics
antipsychotics
Drugs likely to have adverse effects on balance and movement (6)
ASA furosemide BBs vasodilators aminoglycosides phenytoin
Drugs likely to have adverse effects on bone and supporting structures (3)
heparin
steroids
lithium
OTC bad boys
cimetidine
inhibits CYP 450
many, many drug interactions
OTC bad boys
decongestants
decreases antihypertensives
anticholinergic
