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NAPLEX > Stats > Flashcards

Stats Flashcards

1
Q

Mean

A

Average add sum/number

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2
Q

Median

When is it preferred?

A

Rank lowest to highest

Middle value

Preff: in ordinal and continuous data

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3
Q

Mode?

A

Number than happens most frequently

Pref for nominal

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4
Q

Range?

A

Difference between largest and smallest

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5
Q

Normal distribution note

A

Mean median and mode are the same

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6
Q

Where do values fall in normal distribution?

A

68% within 1 SD

95% fall within 2 SDs

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7
Q

What is the possible error margin called?

A

APLHA

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8
Q

Alpha commonly set?

A

5%

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9
Q

When is the null rejected?

A

When the P-value is <0.05 if that is where the alpha is set

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10
Q

CI equation>

A

CI=1-a

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11
Q

If a CI contains what?

A

0 not statistically significant

FOR MEANS

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12
Q

Ration data? Three examples?

A

OD, HR, RR

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13
Q

CI confidence interval in ration data?

A

If it includes 1 not statistically significant

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14
Q

Type 1 errors? Also called?

A

Falso positive

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15
Q

Type 1 error in relation the H0 and Ha?

A

Alternative hypothesis was accepted and Null rejected in error

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16
Q

Type II is also called? How is it denoted?

A

False negative

B

Alternative was rejected and Null accepted in error

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17
Q

What is study power?

A

Probability that the test will reject the null correctly

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18
Q

How is power calculated?

A

1-B

19
Q

RR values and interpretation? 3

A

=1 no difference

>1 greater risk of outcome in treatmetn

<1 lower risk in Tx

20
Q

NNT NNH rounding

A

NNT anything greater than a whole number is rounded up to the next whole

NNH: anything greater than a whole number is rounded down

21
Q

When is ANOVA used?

A

When using continuous data with 3 or more variables

22
Q

T-Test

A

continuous data that is normally distributed

Student t-test: control versus placebo

23
Q

Continuos data 2 tests

A

T-test and ANOVA

24
Q

Discrete or categorical data test used? 1

A

Chisquared

25
Q

Types of continuous data?

A

Ratio and Interval

26
Q

Types of discrete or categorical data? 2

A

Nominal: arbitraty raking

Ordinal: ranked in logial order

27
Q

Types of correlation tests?

A

Spearmans ranked order correlation

Pearsons correlation coefficient

28
Q

What is the primary correlation test for continous data?

A

Pearson correlation coeffiecient

29
Q

A test with 100% sensitivity?

A

Test will be positive in all patients who have the condition

30
Q

Specifity

A

100% will be negative in all pts without the condition

31
Q

What do forest plots do?

A

provife CIs for differnce data or ratio data

32
Q

Forest plot interpretation

A

Vertical line is called the line of no effect set to zero for difference data and 1 for ration data

Hortizontal line is the length of the confidence interval

33
Q

Case control study

What does it do?

Waht data?

A

Compared pts with a dx to those without

Retrospective

  • ORs
34
Q

Cohort study?

What data?

A

Compares outcomes of 1 group of pts exposed and not exposed

Prospective

or retro but less common

  1. OR
35
Q

Cross sectional study?

What data?

A

Relationship at a point in time

variable and outcome at one point in time a CROSS SECTION

  1. p values
36
Q

Cae report and case series?

What data?

A

Unique thing that happens in one patient or a few patietns

No statistical validity

37
Q

RCTs

What data?

What data?

A

Compares control adn placebo

HR CI

38
Q

Parallel RCT?

A

Randomized to tx and control for the entire study

39
Q

Cross over RCT?

A

Randomised to one or two tx sequences

P values

40
Q

Factorial design?

A

Randomized to more than the usual two groups

41
Q

Meta analysis

A

Results from multiple study greatest signficantce power

42
Q

sYSTEmmic review article?

A

Summary of lit that focuses on a specific question or topic

43
Q
A

NAPLEX (64 decks)

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